BACKGROUND: The tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation may have a positive effect, but most patients may develop drug resistance, therefore, the detection of the developing time in drug resistance and the research of the mechanism of drug resistance are need to be solved. While the emerge of next generation sequencing (NGS) have make it possible. The aim of this study is to monitor the efficacy of targeted therapy by studying the variation of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) mutation frequency and gene mutation spectrum through the targeted therapy. METHODS: Our center enrolled 22 patients with EGFR mutation detected by tissue or peripheral blood, and collect 8 mL of peripheral blood of the patients for ctDNA sequencing in different phases, before systematic prior treatment, followed-up by 2 months and disease progression after TKI administration. RESULTS: Patients with EGFR gene mutation may acquire a longer median survival time after receiving targeted drug therapy, due to the drop of mutation abundances, while the therapy may have a minor effect in patients which their mutation abundances have slightly decreased compared to the statistics before the cession (P=0.015,3). The significantly reduced group median progression was associated with a longer survival [progression free survival (PFS)=390 d]. At the same time, we found out that when related to TP-53 gene mutation, the effect of targeted drug therapy for EGFR-sensitive mutation was unsatisfactory (the median PFS was 120 d compared with 630 d, P=0.000,2). CONCLUSIONS: Patients who has lower mutation abundance with EGFR sensitive mutations after TKI treatment may have a longer survival period (P<0.05), and the mutation abundance were not significantly dropping or accompanied by other mutations may indicating TKI resistance.
BACKGROUND: The tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation may have a positive effect, but most patients may develop drug resistance, therefore, the detection of the developing time in drug resistance and the research of the mechanism of drug resistance are need to be solved. While the emerge of next generation sequencing (NGS) have make it possible. The aim of this study is to monitor the efficacy of targeted therapy by studying the variation of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) mutation frequency and gene mutation spectrum through the targeted therapy. METHODS: Our center enrolled 22 patients with EGFR mutation detected by tissue or peripheral blood, and collect 8 mL of peripheral blood of the patients for ctDNA sequencing in different phases, before systematic prior treatment, followed-up by 2 months and disease progression after TKI administration. RESULTS:Patients with EGFR gene mutation may acquire a longer median survival time after receiving targeted drug therapy, due to the drop of mutation abundances, while the therapy may have a minor effect in patients which their mutation abundances have slightly decreased compared to the statistics before the cession (P=0.015,3). The significantly reduced group median progression was associated with a longer survival [progression free survival (PFS)=390 d]. At the same time, we found out that when related to TP-53 gene mutation, the effect of targeted drug therapy for EGFR-sensitive mutation was unsatisfactory (the median PFS was 120 d compared with 630 d, P=0.000,2). CONCLUSIONS:Patients who has lower mutation abundance with EGFR sensitive mutations after TKI treatment may have a longer survival period (P<0.05), and the mutation abundance were not significantly dropping or accompanied by other mutations may indicating TKI resistance.
用EDTA真空采血管(BD Diagnostics, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA)采集患者8 mL外周血并在4 h内完成血浆分离。血浆中ctDNA的提取使用的是QIAamp Circulating Nucleic Acid Kit(Qiagen, Hilden, Germany)。DNA浓度的检测使用QubitdsDNAHS(High Sensitivity)Assay Kit(Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA),并利用Agilent 2100 BioAnalyzer and the DNA HS kit(AgilentTechnologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA)检测ctDNA的片段分布。
CR1, PR1, SD1, PD1 was evaluated after being taken TKI in 2 months; CR2, PR2, SD2, PD2 was evaluated after being taken TKI in 24 months or clinical progression. CR: complete response; PR: partial response; SD: stable disease; PD: progressive disease. EGFR: epidermal growth factor receptor.
Quantity
6
16
22
EGFR19 deletion in exon
5
9
14
EGFR21 mutation in exon
1
7
8
TP53 mutation
2
7
9
CR1
1
5
6
PR1
0
5
5
SD1
2
4
6
PD1
3
2
5
CR2
1
1
2
PR2
0
0
0
SD2
0
0
0
PD2
5
15
20
JAK2
1
1
2
PS0
3
12
15
PS1
2
3
5
PS2
1
1
2
Ⅲb
5
15
20
Ⅳ
1
1
2
22例患者的临床特征比较The comparison of clinical features in 22 cases
Median survival time of EGFR sensitive mutation group
EGFR敏感突变组的中位平均生存期。Median survival time of EGFR sensitive mutation group
对比前后外周血中ctDNA中EGFR突变基因丰度变化及出现其他伴随突变可以预测靶向药物治疗疗效
为了解循环血中ctDNA是否可以预测靶向药物治疗疗效,我们将22例患者服用靶向药物后2个月或临床进展后再次抽取了外周血行ctDNA测序,从图 2中我们看出相比治疗前,15例患者应用靶向药物治疗后出现了EGFR突变频率丰度明显下降(P=0.015, 3),其PFS明显延长,达630 d,P=0.042,通过基因检测发现具有TP53及JAK2伴随突变的患者预后较差。如图 3所示,如果患者伴随TP53突变的情况下相比未伴随突变生存期明显降低(中位PFS为160 d vs 630 d,P=0.000, 2)。JAK2突变因数量较少,未给予统计学处理。如图 4所示,其中7例患者再检测时EGFR基因丰度变化不大,P=0.67,临床评效多为稳定。在有TP53突变的患者,随着TKI的治疗,其丰度逐渐升高,且临床疗效较差,提示本部分患者可能先天对TKI耐药(图 2-图 4)。
2
治疗前后EGFR突变基因丰度变化图
The comparative abundance of EGFR sensitive mutation before and after treatment
3
伴有或不伴有TP-53伴随突变患者的PFS
Progression-free survival of cases with or without TP53 mutatio
4
EGFR及TP-53突变基因治疗前后丰度变化图
The comparative abundances of EGFR and TP-53 mutation before and after treatment
治疗前后EGFR突变基因丰度变化图The comparative abundance of EGFR sensitive mutation before and after treatment伴有或不伴有TP-53伴随突变患者的PFSProgression-free survival of cases with or without TP53 mutatioEGFR及TP-53突变基因治疗前后丰度变化图The comparative abundances of EGFR and TP-53 mutation before and after treatment
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