Khorshed Alam1, Rashidul Alam Mahumud2, Fariha Alam3, Syed Afroz Keramat4, Michael O Erdiaw-Kwasie5, Abdur Razzaque Sarker6. 1. School of Commerce, and Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, QLD 4350, Australia. Electronic address: khorshed.alam@usq.edu.au. 2. School of Commerce, and Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, QLD 4350, Australia. 3. Toowoomba Hospital, Queensland Health, QLD 4350, Australia. Electronic address: Fariha.Alam@health.qld.gov.au. 4. School of Commerce, and Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, QLD 4350, Australia; Economics Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh. Electronic address: Afroz.Keramat@usq.edu.au. 5. Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland, QLD 4350, Australia. Electronic address: michael.erdiaw@transparency.org.au. 6. Health Economics and Financing Research, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh; Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies, Dhaka 1206, Bangladesh. Electronic address: razzaque.sarker@gmail.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Australia has a universal public healthcare system, but access to eHealth services (i.e. use of the Internet and related technologies for healthcare services) remains a remarkable challenge, particularly in regional, rural and remote communities. Similar to many other countries, Australia faces the challenges of an ageing population and chronic disease management as well as balancing the supply of and the demand for quality healthcare and advanced medical procedures. The prima facie case for inequality in accessing eHealth services across geographical settings is widely acknowledged. However, regional residents' perceptions on access to eHealth services lack empirical evidence. Therefore, this study empirically investigates the current state and predictors of eHealth service access in regional Australia. METHODS: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based household survey was conducted within a total of 390 randomly selected adults from the Western Downs Region in Southeast Queensland, Australia. Bivariate analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between eHealth access and respondents' characteristics. A multivariate logistic regression model was also performed to identify the significant predictors of eHealth service access in regional Australia. RESULTS: Approximately 78% of the households have access to eHealth services. However, access to eHealth services in socioeconomically disadvantaged households was lower (19%) than that of their advantaged counterparts (25%). Factors that significantly increased the likelihood of accessing eHealth services included middle age (odds ratio [OR] = 2.75, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.84, 8.66), household size (three to four members) (OR = 2.29, 95% CI: 1.19, 4.73), broadband Internet access (OR = 1.67, 95% CI: 1.15, 2.90) and digital literacy (OR = 2.39, 95% CI: 1.23, 4.59). Factors that negatively influenced access to eHealth services were low educational levels (OR = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.09, 0.61), low socioeconomic status (OR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.28, 0.83) and remote locations (OR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.23, 0.80). CONCLUSION: Emerging universal eHealth access provides immense societal benefits in regional settings. The findings of this study could assist policy makers and healthcare practitioners in identifying factors that influence eHealth access and thereby formulate effective health policies to optimise healthcare utilisation in regional Australia.
BACKGROUND: Australia has a universal public healthcare system, but access to eHealth services (i.e. use of the Internet and related technologies for healthcare services) remains a remarkable challenge, particularly in regional, rural and remote communities. Similar to many other countries, Australia faces the challenges of an ageing population and chronic disease management as well as balancing the supply of and the demand for quality healthcare and advanced medical procedures. The prima facie case for inequality in accessing eHealth services across geographical settings is widely acknowledged. However, regional residents' perceptions on access to eHealth services lack empirical evidence. Therefore, this study empirically investigates the current state and predictors of eHealth service access in regional Australia. METHODS: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based household survey was conducted within a total of 390 randomly selected adults from the Western Downs Region in Southeast Queensland, Australia. Bivariate analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between eHealth access and respondents' characteristics. A multivariate logistic regression model was also performed to identify the significant predictors of eHealth service access in regional Australia. RESULTS: Approximately 78% of the households have access to eHealth services. However, access to eHealth services in socioeconomically disadvantaged households was lower (19%) than that of their advantaged counterparts (25%). Factors that significantly increased the likelihood of accessing eHealth services included middle age (odds ratio [OR] = 2.75, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.84, 8.66), household size (three to four members) (OR = 2.29, 95% CI: 1.19, 4.73), broadband Internet access (OR = 1.67, 95% CI: 1.15, 2.90) and digital literacy (OR = 2.39, 95% CI: 1.23, 4.59). Factors that negatively influenced access to eHealth services were low educational levels (OR = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.09, 0.61), low socioeconomic status (OR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.28, 0.83) and remote locations (OR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.23, 0.80). CONCLUSION: Emerging universal eHealth access provides immense societal benefits in regional settings. The findings of this study could assist policy makers and healthcare practitioners in identifying factors that influence eHealth access and thereby formulate effective health policies to optimise healthcare utilisation in regional Australia.
Authors: Zheng-An Lu; Le Shi; Jian-Yu Que; Yong-Bo Zheng; Qian-Wen Wang; Wei-Jian Liu; Yue-Tong Huang; Xiao-Xing Liu; Kai Yuan; Wei Yan; Jie Shi; Yan-Ping Bao; Lin Lu Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-03-17 Impact factor: 3.390