Aline B Arouca1, Aline Meirhaeghe2, Jean Dallongeville3, Luis A Moreno4, Gustavo Jacob Lourenço5, Ascensión Marcos6, Inge Huybrechts7, Yannis Manios8, Christina-Paulina Lambrinou9, Frederic Gottrand10, Anthony Kafatos11, Mathilde Kersting12, Michael Sjöström13, Kurt Widhalm14, Marika Ferrari15, Denes Molnár16, Marcela González-Gross17, Maria Forsner18, Stefaan De Henauw19, Nathalie Michels20. 1. Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium. Electronic address: aline.barbedoarouca@ugent.be. 2. UMR1167, RID-AGE, Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Centre Hosp. Univ Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille, Lille, France. Electronic address: aline.meirhaeghe@pasteur-lille.fr. 3. UMR1167, RID-AGE, Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Centre Hosp. Univ Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille, Lille, France. Electronic address: jean.dallongeville@pasteur-lille.fr. 4. GENUD: "Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development" Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, University of Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: moreno@unizar.es. 5. Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: gutolour@fcm.unicamp.br. 6. Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science and Technology and Nutrition, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: amarcos@ictan.csic.es. 7. Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium; International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France. Electronic address: huybrechtsI@iarc.fr. 8. Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science & Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece. Electronic address: helena@hua.gr. 9. Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science & Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece. Electronic address: cplambrinos@gmail.com. 10. Faculty of Medicine, University Lille, Lille, France. Electronic address: Frederic.GOTTRAND@CHRU-LILLE.FR. 11. Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece. Electronic address: kafatos@med.uoc.gr. 12. Research Department of Child Nutrition, Pediatric University Clinic, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany. Electronic address: mathilde.kersting@ruhr-uni-bochum.de. 13. Department of Biosciences, Unit for Preventive Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden. Electronic address: michael.sjostrom@ki.se. 14. Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria. Electronic address: kurt.widhalm@meduniwien.ac.at. 15. Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA-AN), Italy. Electronic address: marika.ferrari@crea.gov.it. 16. Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary. Electronic address: molnar.denes@pte.hu. 17. ImFine Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: marcela.gonzalez.gross@upm.es. 18. Department of Nursing, Umeå University, Sweden. Electronic address: mfr@du.se. 19. Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium. Electronic address: Stefaan.DeHenauw@UGent.be. 20. Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium. Electronic address: Nathalie.michels@ugent.be.
Abstract
AIM: From a nutrigenetics perspective, we aim to investigate the moderating role of the Mediterranean diet and each of its subgroups in the association between C-reactive protein (CRP) gene polymorphisms and CRP blood concentration in adolescents. METHODS: In 562 adolescents (13-17 y) of the European HELENA study, data was available on circulating CRP levels as inflammatory biomarker, three CRP gene SNPs (rs3093068, rs1204, rs1130864), food intake determined by a self-administered computerized 24 h-dietary recall for 2 days, and body composition. A 9-point Mediterranean diet score and each food subgroup were tested as moderator via SNP*diet interaction. Analyzes were adjusted for age, sex, puberty, adiposity and socioeconomic status. RESULTS: The minor allele frequencies of rs3093068 and rs1130864 SNPs (GG and TT, respectively) were associated with higher CRP concentrations, while rs1205 (CT/TT) was associated with lower CRP concentrations. There were significant interactions between rs3093068 and Mediterranean diet (B = -0.1139, p = 0.011), or the fish food subgroup (B = -0.0090, p = 0.022), so that those with the highest genetic CRP risk underwent the highest CRP attenuation by a healthier diet. Although the effect of diet and SNP was substantial, the explained variance by interaction was only 1%. CONCLUSION: Greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet and particularly its fish component was associated with a lower CRP blood concentrations especially in those at highest genetic risk due to the rs3093068 SNP.
AIM: From a nutrigenetics perspective, we aim to investigate the moderating role of the Mediterranean diet and each of its subgroups in the association between C-reactive protein (CRP) gene polymorphisms and CRP blood concentration in adolescents. METHODS: In 562 adolescents (13-17 y) of the European HELENA study, data was available on circulating CRP levels as inflammatory biomarker, three CRP gene SNPs (rs3093068, rs1204, rs1130864), food intake determined by a self-administered computerized 24 h-dietary recall for 2 days, and body composition. A 9-point Mediterranean diet score and each food subgroup were tested as moderator via SNP*diet interaction. Analyzes were adjusted for age, sex, puberty, adiposity and socioeconomic status. RESULTS: The minor allele frequencies of rs3093068 and rs1130864 SNPs (GG and TT, respectively) were associated with higher CRP concentrations, while rs1205 (CT/TT) was associated with lower CRP concentrations. There were significant interactions between rs3093068 and Mediterranean diet (B = -0.1139, p = 0.011), or the fish food subgroup (B = -0.0090, p = 0.022), so that those with the highest genetic CRP risk underwent the highest CRP attenuation by a healthier diet. Although the effect of diet and SNP was substantial, the explained variance by interaction was only 1%. CONCLUSION: Greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet and particularly its fish component was associated with a lower CRP blood concentrations especially in those at highest genetic risk due to the rs3093068 SNP.