| Literature DB >> 31484522 |
Erik Lindgren1, Björn E Rosengren1, Magnus K Karlsson2.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Areal bone mineral density (aBMD) estimated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is used to estimate peak bone mass, define osteoporosis and predict fracture. However, as aBMD is calculated as bone mineral content (BMC) divided by the scanned area, aBMD displays an inverse relationship with bone size. In a skeleton that is increasing in size, this is a problem, as bone size is an independent factor that determines bone strength. It could therefore be questioned whether peak aBMD is the period with greatest bone strength, a period that in the hip then would occur in ages 16-19. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether there are changes in bone size in men after age 18 that may influence peak bone strength. Another aim was to provide updated normative DXA data.Entities:
Keywords: Bone; DXA; Mass; Men; Mineral; Normative; Size; Strength
Mesh:
Year: 2019 PMID: 31484522 PMCID: PMC6727506 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-019-2785-8
Source DB: PubMed Journal: BMC Musculoskelet Disord ISSN: 1471-2474 Impact factor: 2.362
Fig. 1Flow-chart study population when including men aged 18–28 years
Fig. 2Femoral neck BMC (2a), area (2b) and aBMD (2c) in different age groups in 962 Swedish males aged 19 to 28 years (from peak bone mass and onwards). Age group 19 include individuals between 19.0 to 19.9 years of age etc. Data are presented as means with 95% confidence intervals. P-value represent age group differences
Fig. 3Trochanter BMC (3a), area (3b) and aBMD (3c) in different age groups in 962 Swedish males aged 19 to 28 years (from peak bone mass and onwards). Age group 19 include individuals between 19.0 to 19.9 years of age etc. Data are presented as means with 95% confidence intervals. P-value represent age group differences
Fig. 4Total hip BMC (4a), area (4b) and aBMD (4c) in different age groups in 962 Swedish males aged 19 to 28 years (from peak bone mass and onwards). Age group 19 include individuals between 19.0 to 19.9 years of age etc. Data are presented as means with 95% confidence intervals. P-value represent age group differences
Normative anthropometry and DXA-data on 1052 young Swedish males aged 18–28 years
| Age-group | 18.00–18.99 | 19.00–19.99 | 20.00–20.99 | 21.00–21.99 | 22.00–22.99 | 23.00–23.99 |
| Mean age (years) | 18.6 | 19.3 | 20.4 | 21.5 | 22.4 | 23.4 |
| Numbers | 90 | 97 | 93 | 98 | 91 | 106 |
| Weight (kg) | 75.1 (13.2) | 76.6 (12.1) | 78.0 (13.4) | 81.1 (16.1) | 79.8 (13.6) | 75.5 (10.5) |
| Height (cm) | 181.9 (7.0) | 181.4 (7.5) | 180.8 (6.9) | 181.8 (6.5) | 181.9 (6.8) | 180.1 (6.4) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.7 (3.6) | 23.2 (3.1) | 23.8 (3.5) | 24.5 (4.4) | 24.2 (4.1) | 23.3 (3.1) |
| Total body fat mass (kg) | 14.3 (9.6) | 14.2 (8.1) | 15.9 (8.9) | 16.5 (10.5) | 17.3 (10.3) | 15.1 (7.8) |
| Total body lean mass (kg) | 57.8 (6.5) | 59.1 (7.3) | 59.0 (6.7) | 60.2 (7.1) | 59.1 (6.5) | 57.1 (6.0) |
| Femoral neck | ||||||
| BMC (g) | 6.42 (1.08) | 6.63 (1.13) | 6.41 (1.02) | 6.45 (1.07) | 6.34 (1.12) | 6.16 (0.97) |
| Area (cm2) | 5.56 (0.40) | 5.55 (0.41) | 5.50 (0.38) | 5.55 (0.40) | 5.55 (0.42) | 5.44 (0.38) |
| aBMD (g/cm2) | 1.15 (0.16) | 1.19 (0.17) | 1.16 (0.17) | 1.16 (0.16) | 1.14 (0.18) | 1.13 (0.15) |
| Trochanter area | ||||||
| BMC (g) | 13.62 (3.23) | 14.22 (3.59) | 13.91 (3.52) | 14.01 (3.44) | 14.02 (3.41) | 13.37 (2.79) |
| Area (cm2) | 14.41 (1.90) | 14.50 (2.20) | 14.47 (2.04) | 14.65 (2.24) | 14.82 (1.82) | 14.43 (1.71) |
| aBMD (g/cm2) | 0.94 (0.15) | 0.97 (0.15) | 0.95 (0.16) | 0.95 (0.15) | 0.94 (0.15) | 0.92 (0.13) |
| Total hip | ||||||
| BMC (g) | 41.50 (6.90) | 42.93 (7.17) | 42.06 (7.30) | 42.50 (7.32) | 42.07 (7.44) | 40.98 (6.11) |
| Area (cm2) | 36.47 (2.55) | 36.46 (2.74) | 36.22 (2.64) | 36.73 (2.94) | 36.69 (2.33) | 36.09 (2.34) |
| aBMD (g/cm2) | 1.14 (0.16) | 1.18 (0.16) | 1.16 (0.17) | 1.16 (0.16) | 1.14 (0.17) | 1.13 (0.14) |
| Age-group | 24.00–24.99 | 25.00–25.99 | 26.00–26.99 | 27.00–27.99 | 28.00–28.99 | All age groups |
| Mean age (years) | 24.4 | 25.4 | 26.4 | 27.5 | 28.5 | 23.5 |
| Numbers | 84 | 97 | 98 | 112 | 86 | 1052 |
| Weight (kg) | 78.3 (13.3) | 80.0 (10.3) | 82.4 (14.5) | 79.7 (12.4) | 83.3 (12.2) | 79.1 (13.1) |
| Height (cm) | 181.4 (7.0) | 180.7 (6.2) | 181.5 (6.5) | 180.7 (7.1) | 182.6 (6.4) | 181.3 (6.8) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.8 (3.7) | 24.5 (2.9) | 25.0 (4.6) | 24.4 (3.5) | 25.0 (3.4) | 24.0 (3.7) |
| Total body fat mass (kg) | 15.7 (9.1) | 17.7 (8.1) | 19.3 (11.3) | 17.1 (8.8) | 18.3 (9.1) | 16.5 (9.4) |
| Total body lean mass (kg) | 59.3 (7.0) | 59.0 (6.8) | 59.6 (6.7) | 59.2 (6.6) | 61.4 (7.1) | 59.1 (6.8) |
| Femoral neck | ||||||
| BMC (g) | 6.26 (0.94) | 6.42 (1.19) | 6.13 (1.04) | 6.24 (0.96) | 6.47 (1.04) | 6.35 (1.06) |
| Area (cm2) | 5.57 (0.38) | 5.63 (0.40) | 5.53 (0.40) | 5.56 (0.38) | 5.66 (0.35) | 5.56 (0.39) |
| aBMD (g/cm2) | 1.12 (0.15) | 1.14 (0.17) | 1.11 (0.16) | 1.12 (0.15) | 1.14 (0.16) | 1.14 (0.16) |
| Trochanter area | ||||||
| BMC (g) | 13.91 (3.18) | 14.04 (3.26) | 13.30 (3.13) | 13.55 (2.98) | 14.16 (3.11) | 13.81 (3.24) |
| Area (cm2) | 14.81 (2.08) | 14.94 (1.96) | 14.60 (2.05) | 14.69 (1.96) | 14.91 (1.97) | 14.65 (2.00) |
| aBMD (g/cm2) | 0.93 (0.14) | 0.93 (0.14) | 0.90 (0.13) | 0.92 (0.13) | 0.94 (0.13) | 0.94 (0.14) |
| Total hip | ||||||
| BMC (g) | 41.81 (6.47) | 42.55 (7.12) | 40.81 (6.88) | 41.40 (6.29) | 42.99 (6.95) | 41.94 (6.91) |
| Area (cm2) | 36.78 (2.47) | 37.27 (2.57) | 36.63 (2.55) | 36.75 (2.59) | 37.48 (2.42) | 36.68 (2.58) |
| aBMD (g/cm2) | 1.13 (0.14) | 1.14 (0.16) | 1.11 (0.16) | 1.13 (0.14) | 1.15 (0.16) | 1.14 (0.16) |
BMI body mass index, BMC bone mineral content, aBMD areal bone mineral density
Data are presented as means with 1 standard deviation bracketed. Age group 18 contains individuals between 18.0 to 18.9 years of age etc.
Pearson’s correlation analyses (r) between age and DXA-traits from peak bone mass (PBM) and onward in 962 Swedish males aged 19 to 28 years. Statistical significance is bolded
| Correlation coefficient (r) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
|
| Age*BMC | −0.074 |
|
| Age*area | 0.064 |
| |
| Age*aBMD | −0.116 |
| |
|
| Age*BMC | −0.038 | 0.24 |
| Age*area | 0.045 | 0.16 | |
| Age*aBMD | −0.095 |
| |
|
| Age*BMC | −0.032 | 0.32 |
| Age*area | 0.094 |
| |
| Age*aBMD | −0.087 |
|
BMC bone mineral content, aBMD areal bone mineral density