Adam W Anz1, Jos Edison2, Thomas S Denney3, Eric A Branch4, Christopher R Walz3, Kenny V Brock2, Michael D Goodlett5. 1. Andrews Institute for Orthopaedics & Sports Medicine, 1040 Gulf Breeze Parkway, Gulf Breeze, FL, 32561, USA. anz.adam.w@gmail.com. 2. Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, 910 South Donahue Drive, Auburn, AL, 36832, USA. 3. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Auburn University, 200 Broun Hall, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA. 4. Andrews Institute for Orthopaedics & Sports Medicine, 1040 Gulf Breeze Parkway, Gulf Breeze, FL, 32561, USA. 5. Auburn University Athletics, Auburn Athletics Complex, 392 S Donahue Drive, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: As biologic augmentation methods emerge, objective measures of soft tissues are necessary for developmental study. The purpose of this study was to develop a quantitative MRI mapping protocol for the ACL. The objectives were (1) to provide age-based T2 relaxation, T2* relaxation, and volume values in healthy individuals, (2) to establish the intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of ACL mapping, and (3) to determine whether 3-T or 7-T MRI is more appropriate for future clinical trials. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty healthy participants, aged 18-62, asymptomatic for knee pathology and without history of knee injury underwent both a 3-T and 7-T MRI. Manual image mapping of the anterior cruciate ligament was performed by two observers and processed to obtain T2, T2*, and volume values. Analysis of variance and two-way random effects model were used to calculate statistical significance and intraclass correlation coefficients. RESULTS: Across all participants, 3-T and 7-T mean T2, T2* and volume values were 37.1 ± 7.9 and 39.7 ± 6.2 ms (p = 0.124), 10.9 ± 1.3 and 10.9 ± 0.9 ms (p = 0.981), and 2380 ± 602 and 2484 ± 736 mm3 (p = 0.551), respectively. The T2, T2*, and volume did not vary between age cohorts (p > 0.05). Excellent inter-rater and intra-rater reliability regarding T2 and T2* values was found. While ACL volume exhibited good inter-rater reliability and excellent intra-rater reliability. CONCLUSIONS: T2 relaxation values and ACL volume do not vary with age and therefore can be used as a quantifiable, non-invasive method to assess ACL graft maturation. 7-T MRI analysis was not superior to 3-T MRI analysis, suggesting that 3-T MRI is practical and capable for future comparative studies.
OBJECTIVE: As biologic augmentation methods emerge, objective measures of soft tissues are necessary for developmental study. The purpose of this study was to develop a quantitative MRI mapping protocol for the ACL. The objectives were (1) to provide age-based T2 relaxation, T2* relaxation, and volume values in healthy individuals, (2) to establish the intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of ACL mapping, and (3) to determine whether 3-T or 7-T MRI is more appropriate for future clinical trials. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty healthy participants, aged 18-62, asymptomatic for knee pathology and without history of knee injury underwent both a 3-T and 7-T MRI. Manual image mapping of the anterior cruciate ligament was performed by two observers and processed to obtain T2, T2*, and volume values. Analysis of variance and two-way random effects model were used to calculate statistical significance and intraclass correlation coefficients. RESULTS: Across all participants, 3-T and 7-T mean T2, T2* and volume values were 37.1 ± 7.9 and 39.7 ± 6.2 ms (p = 0.124), 10.9 ± 1.3 and 10.9 ± 0.9 ms (p = 0.981), and 2380 ± 602 and 2484 ± 736 mm3 (p = 0.551), respectively. The T2, T2*, and volume did not vary between age cohorts (p > 0.05). Excellent inter-rater and intra-rater reliability regarding T2 and T2* values was found. While ACL volume exhibited good inter-rater reliability and excellent intra-rater reliability. CONCLUSIONS: T2 relaxation values and ACL volume do not vary with age and therefore can be used as a quantifiable, non-invasive method to assess ACL graft maturation. 7-T MRI analysis was not superior to 3-T MRI analysis, suggesting that 3-T MRI is practical and capable for future comparative studies.
Entities:
Keywords:
ACL; Magnetic resonance imaging; Structural properties; T2 relaxation time
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