Joan S Tucker1, Anthony Rodriguez2, Michael S Dunbar3, Eric R Pedersen4, Jordan P Davis5, Regina A Shih4, Elizabeth J D'Amico4. 1. RAND Corporation, 1776 Main Street, Santa Monica, CA, 90407-2138, United States. Electronic address: jtucker@rand.org. 2. RAND Corporation, 20 Park Plaza, Suite 920, Boston, MA, 02116, United States. 3. RAND Corporation, 4750 Fifth Avenue, Suite 600, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, United States. 4. RAND Corporation, 1776 Main Street, Santa Monica, CA, 90407-2138, United States. 5. University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, United States.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cannabis and tobacco co-use is a growing concern, yet little is known about its developmental course or associated outcomes during emerging adulthood. This study examines developmental trajectories of cannabis and tobacco co-use from adolescence to emerging adulthood, associations of co-use trajectories with four domains of functioning, and differences across racial/ethnic groups. METHODS: Survey data come from a racially/ethnically diverse and predominantly California-based cohort that completed 10 surveys from 2008 (wave 1: mean age 11.5; n = 6,509) to 2018 (wave 10: mean age 20.7; n = 2,429). Co-use was defined as use of both cannabis and tobacco (cigarettes or smokeless tobacco) in the past 30 days. Trajectories of use were examined using latent growth modeling in a structural equation modeling framework. RESULTS: Prevalence of cannabis and tobacco co-use increased from 0.3% at wave 1 to 9.5% at wave 10, with average probabilities of co-use higher among non-Hispanic white versus Hispanic or Asian participants. Higher average probability of co-use was associated with greater delinquency, more mental health symptoms, and poorer physical health during emerging adulthood. Higher rate of change in the probability of co-use over time was associated with greater delinquency, but better social functioning and less physical ailments. There was some evidence of racial/ethnic disparities in functioning, even at similar levels of co-use. CONCLUSIONS: Cannabis and tobacco co-use deserves greater attention, especially regarding its effects on functioning during emerging adulthood. Results also emphasize the need for future research to focus on racial/ethnic disparities related to co-use and associated outcomes.
BACKGROUND: Cannabis and tobacco co-use is a growing concern, yet little is known about its developmental course or associated outcomes during emerging adulthood. This study examines developmental trajectories of cannabis and tobacco co-use from adolescence to emerging adulthood, associations of co-use trajectories with four domains of functioning, and differences across racial/ethnic groups. METHODS: Survey data come from a racially/ethnically diverse and predominantly California-based cohort that completed 10 surveys from 2008 (wave 1: mean age 11.5; n = 6,509) to 2018 (wave 10: mean age 20.7; n = 2,429). Co-use was defined as use of both cannabis and tobacco (cigarettes or smokeless tobacco) in the past 30 days. Trajectories of use were examined using latent growth modeling in a structural equation modeling framework. RESULTS: Prevalence of cannabis and tobacco co-use increased from 0.3% at wave 1 to 9.5% at wave 10, with average probabilities of co-use higher among non-Hispanic white versus Hispanic or Asian participants. Higher average probability of co-use was associated with greater delinquency, more mental health symptoms, and poorer physical health during emerging adulthood. Higher rate of change in the probability of co-use over time was associated with greater delinquency, but better social functioning and less physical ailments. There was some evidence of racial/ethnic disparities in functioning, even at similar levels of co-use. CONCLUSIONS: Cannabis and tobacco co-use deserves greater attention, especially regarding its effects on functioning during emerging adulthood. Results also emphasize the need for future research to focus on racial/ethnic disparities related to co-use and associated outcomes.
Authors: Danielle E Ramo; Kevin L Delucchi; Sharon M Hall; Howard Liu; Judith J Prochaska Journal: J Stud Alcohol Drugs Date: 2013-03 Impact factor: 2.582
Authors: Elizabeth J D'Amico; Joan S Tucker; Jeremy N V Miles; Brett A Ewing; Regina A Shih; Eric R Pedersen Journal: Addiction Date: 2016-06-14 Impact factor: 6.526
Authors: Darren A Dewalt; David Thissen; Brian D Stucky; Michelle M Langer; Esi Morgan Dewitt; Debra E Irwin; Jin-Shei Lai; Karin B Yeatts; Heather E Gross; Olivia Taylor; James W Varni Journal: Health Psychol Date: 2013-06-17 Impact factor: 4.267
Authors: Elizabeth J D'Amico; Anthony Rodriguez; Joan S Tucker; Eric R Pedersen; Regina A Shih Journal: Drug Alcohol Depend Date: 2018-05-10 Impact factor: 4.492
Authors: Erica N Peters; Robert P Schwartz; Shuai Wang; Kevin E O'Grady; Carlos Blanco Journal: Drug Alcohol Depend Date: 2013-10-14 Impact factor: 4.492
Authors: Eric R Pedersen; Joan S Tucker; Jordan P Davis; Michael S Dunbar; Rachana Seelam; Anthony Rodriguez; Elizabeth J D'Amico Journal: Psychol Addict Behav Date: 2020-06-18
Authors: Natacha M De Genna; Lidush Goldschmidt; Gale A Richardson; Marie D Cornelius; Nancy L Day Journal: Addict Behav Date: 2021-01-09 Impact factor: 3.913
Authors: Regina A Shih; Joan S Tucker; Eric R Pedersen; Rachana Seelam; Michael S Dunbar; Aaron Kofner; Caislin Firth; Elizabeth J D'Amico Journal: J Cannabis Res Date: 2021-07-09