Negar Omidakhsh1, Johnni Hansen2, Beate Ritz3, Jorn Olsen4, Julia E Heck5. 1. Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA. Electronic address: nomid@ph.ucla.edu. 2. Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark. Electronic address: johnni@cancer.dk. 3. Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA; Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, 650 Charles E Young Drive, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA. Electronic address: britz@ucla.edu. 4. Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Olof Palmes Alle 43-45, 8200 Aarhus N, Aarhus, Denmark. Electronic address: jo@ph.au.dk. 5. Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA; Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, 650 Charles E Young Drive, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA. Electronic address: jeheck@ucla.edu.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The etiology of childhood cancer is largely unknown, though some research suggests an infectious origin of hematopoietic, central nervous system (CNS) and bone cancers. METHODS: We examined parental occupational social contact as a proxy for exposure to infectious agents and risk of childhood cancer. This population-based case-control study utilized a linkage of four Danish data-registries, and included 3581 cases (<17 years, diagnosed 1973-2012) and 358,100 age-matched controls. We examined the risks of leukemia, lymphoma, CNS and bone cancer related to high occupational social contact from (1) conception to birth and (2) birth to diagnosis. RESULTS: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and bone cancer were inversely associated with high maternal social contact from conception to birth (OR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.67-1.10) and birth to diagnosis (OR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.34-0.86). Children of fathers with high social contact from birth to diagnosis had an increased risk of bone cancers, particularly in rural areas (OR: 1.65, 95% CI: 1.03-2.63). Parental social contact was associated with increased risk of astrocytoma, with strongest associations found in first-born children (maternal: OR: 1.54, 95% CI: 1.02-2.32; paternal: OR: 1.82, 95% CI: 1.05-3.17). CONCLUSION: Our results support the notion of a role of infections for some cancer types.
BACKGROUND: The etiology of childhood cancer is largely unknown, though some research suggests an infectious origin of hematopoietic, central nervous system (CNS) and bone cancers. METHODS: We examined parental occupational social contact as a proxy for exposure to infectious agents and risk of childhood cancer. This population-based case-control study utilized a linkage of four Danish data-registries, and included 3581 cases (<17 years, diagnosed 1973-2012) and 358,100 age-matched controls. We examined the risks of leukemia, lymphoma, CNS and bone cancer related to high occupational social contact from (1) conception to birth and (2) birth to diagnosis. RESULTS:Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and bone cancer were inversely associated with high maternal social contact from conception to birth (OR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.67-1.10) and birth to diagnosis (OR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.34-0.86). Children of fathers with high social contact from birth to diagnosis had an increased risk of bone cancers, particularly in rural areas (OR: 1.65, 95% CI: 1.03-2.63). Parental social contact was associated with increased risk of astrocytoma, with strongest associations found in first-born children (maternal: OR: 1.54, 95% CI: 1.02-2.32; paternal: OR: 1.82, 95% CI: 1.05-3.17). CONCLUSION: Our results support the notion of a role of infections for some cancer types.
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