Julie M Janssen1, T P C Dorlo2, D Niewerth3, A J Wilhelm4, C M Zwaan5,6,7, J H Beijnen2,8, A Attarbaschi9,10, A Baruchel11,7, F Fagioli12, T Klingebiel13, B De Moerloose14, G Palumbo15, A von Stackelberg16, G J L Kaspers3,5, A D R Huitema2,17. 1. Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. ju.janssen@nki.nl. 2. Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. 3. Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. 4. Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. 5. Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands. 6. Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus-MC Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. 7. ITCC Consortium, Paris, France. 8. Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands. 9. Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, St. Anna Children's Hospital, Vienna, Austria. 10. Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria. 11. Department of Pediatric Hematology, Hopital Saint Louis, Paris, France. 12. Università degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy. 13. Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. 14. Department of Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium. 15. Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy. 16. Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany. 17. Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The pharmacokinetics (PK) of the 20S proteasome inhibitor bortezomib are characterized by a large volume of distribution and a rapid decline in plasma concentrations within the first hour after administration. An increase in exposure was observed in the second week of treatment, which has previously been explained by extensive binding of bortezomib to proteasome in erythrocytes and peripheral tissues. We characterized the nonlinear population PK and pharmacodynamics (PD) of bortezomib in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. METHODS: Overall, 323 samples from 28 patients were available from a pediatric clinical study investigatingbortezomib at an intravenous dose of 1.3 mg/m2 twice weekly (Dutch Trial Registry number 1881/ITCC021). A semi-physiological PK model for bortezomib was first developed; the PK were linked to the decrease in 20S proteasome activity in the final PK/PD model. RESULTS: The plasma PK data were adequately described using a two-compartment model with linear elimination. Increased concentrations were observed in week 2 compared with week 1, which was described using a Langmuir binding model. The decrease in 20S proteasome activity was best described by a direct effect model with a sigmoidal maximal inhibitory effect, representing the relationship between plasma concentrations and effect. The maximal inhibitory effect was 0.696 pmol AMC/s/mg protein (95% confidence interval 0.664-0.728) after administration. CONCLUSION: The semi-physiological model adequately described the nonlinear PK and PD of bortezomib in plasma. This model can be used to further optimize dosing of bortezomib.
RCT Entities:
INTRODUCTION: The pharmacokinetics (PK) of the 20S proteasome inhibitor bortezomib are characterized by a large volume of distribution and a rapid decline in plasma concentrations within the first hour after administration. An increase in exposure was observed in the second week of treatment, which has previously been explained by extensive binding of bortezomib to proteasome in erythrocytes and peripheral tissues. We characterized the nonlinear population PK and pharmacodynamics (PD) of bortezomib in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. METHODS: Overall, 323 samples from 28 patients were available from a pediatric clinical study investigating bortezomib at an intravenous dose of 1.3 mg/m2 twice weekly (Dutch Trial Registry number 1881/ITCC021). A semi-physiological PK model for bortezomib was first developed; the PK were linked to the decrease in 20S proteasome activity in the final PK/PD model. RESULTS: The plasma PK data were adequately described using a two-compartment model with linear elimination. Increased concentrations were observed in week 2 compared with week 1, which was described using a Langmuir binding model. The decrease in 20S proteasome activity was best described by a direct effect model with a sigmoidal maximal inhibitory effect, representing the relationship between plasma concentrations and effect. The maximal inhibitory effect was 0.696 pmol AMC/s/mg protein (95% confidence interval 0.664-0.728) after administration. CONCLUSION: The semi-physiological model adequately described the nonlinear PK and PD of bortezomib in plasma. This model can be used to further optimize dosing of bortezomib.
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