Kyle M E Rose1,2, Michael V Mickelbart3, Douglass F Jacobs1. 1. Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA. 2. Department of Natural Resources Management, New Mexico Highlands University, Las Vegas, NM, USA. 3. Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Heteroblastic plant species, whose morphology or growth habit changes suddenly during development, offer unique opportunities to investigate the role of selection in canalizing development or increasing the adaptive importance of plasticity. Leaf forms of the Hawaiian tree Acacia koa (koa) change morphologically and physiologically during the first year of growth, providing time to study abiotic factors influencing transition rates relative to other Acacia species. METHODS: The roles of light and water availability in triggering transition to the mature leaf form in contrasting (wet/dry) ecotypes of koa were investigated using a novel modelling technique to distinguish between chronological and ontogenetic controls in triggering transition. A light quality treatment was included to test interactions of heterophylly (the presence of multiple leaf forms) with heteroblastic processes on the resulting phenotype at transition. KEY RESULTS: Increased light intensity increased transition rates, but reduced red to far-red light (R:FR) ratios did not affect transition rates, solidifying the current paradigm of heteroblasty. However, evidence was found for earlier transition ontogenetically under water stress, which is not part of the current paradigm and could differentiate the role of heteroblasty in some Acacia species versus other heteroblastic species. Ecotypic responses also indicate that plasticity of development could vary across koa's range and the adaptive significance of heteroblasty could be marginalized or amplified dependent on the disparate selective pressures present across koa's range. CONCLUSIONS: The use of novel survival functions and a species with an elongated transition time helped to elucidate abiotic modifiers of ontogenetic trajectories. Differences in ontogenetic trajectories between contrasting ecotypes suggest that ongoing climate and land use change will have non-uniform effects on koa regeneration and establishment dynamics across its range.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Heteroblastic plant species, whose morphology or growth habit changes suddenly during development, offer unique opportunities to investigate the role of selection in canalizing development or increasing the adaptive importance of plasticity. Leaf forms of the Hawaiian tree Acacia koa (koa) change morphologically and physiologically during the first year of growth, providing time to study abiotic factors influencing transition rates relative to other Acacia species. METHODS: The roles of light and water availability in triggering transition to the mature leaf form in contrasting (wet/dry) ecotypes of koa were investigated using a novel modelling technique to distinguish between chronological and ontogenetic controls in triggering transition. A light quality treatment was included to test interactions of heterophylly (the presence of multiple leaf forms) with heteroblastic processes on the resulting phenotype at transition. KEY RESULTS: Increased light intensity increased transition rates, but reduced red to far-red light (R:FR) ratios did not affect transition rates, solidifying the current paradigm of heteroblasty. However, evidence was found for earlier transition ontogenetically under water stress, which is not part of the current paradigm and could differentiate the role of heteroblasty in some Acacia species versus other heteroblastic species. Ecotypic responses also indicate that plasticity of development could vary across koa's range and the adaptive significance of heteroblasty could be marginalized or amplified dependent on the disparate selective pressures present across koa's range. CONCLUSIONS: The use of novel survival functions and a species with an elongated transition time helped to elucidate abiotic modifiers of ontogenetic trajectories. Differences in ontogenetic trajectories between contrasting ecotypes suggest that ongoing climate and land use change will have non-uniform effects on koa regeneration and establishment dynamics across its range.
Authors: Enrique Ostria-Gallardo; Aashish Ranjan; Daniel H Chitwood; Ravi Kumar; Brad T Townsley; Yasunori Ichihashi; Luis J Corcuera; Neelima R Sinha Journal: New Phytol Date: 2015-12-18 Impact factor: 10.151
Authors: Yi Tao; Jean-Luc Ferrer; Karin Ljung; Florence Pojer; Fangxin Hong; Jeff A Long; Lin Li; Javier E Moreno; Marianne E Bowman; Lauren J Ivans; Youfa Cheng; Jason Lim; Yunde Zhao; Carlos L Ballaré; Göran Sandberg; Joseph P Noel; Joanne Chory Journal: Cell Date: 2008-04-04 Impact factor: 41.582
Authors: Cynthia Webster; Laura Figueroa-Corona; Iván David Méndez-González; Lluvia Álvarez-Soto; David B Neale; Juan Pablo Jaramillo-Correa; Jill L Wegrzyn; Alejandra Vázquez-Lobo Journal: Ecol Evol Date: 2022-02-16 Impact factor: 2.912