Archana Vadiraj Malagi1, Chandan J Das2, Kedar Khare3, Fernando Calamante4, Amit Mehndiratta5,6. 1. Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India. 2. Department of Radio-Diagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. 3. Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India. 4. Sydney Imaging and School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia. 5. Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India. amit.mehndiratta@keble.oxon.org. 6. Department of Biomedical Engineering, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. amit.mehndiratta@keble.oxon.org.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of number and combination of b values used on the accuracy of estimated Intravoxel Incoherent Motion (IVIM) parameters using simulation and clinical data. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Simulations with seven combinations of b values were performed for 4, 6, 8, and 13 numbers of b values with six different values of D, D*, and f parameters. Two methodologies were implemented for IVIM analysis: standard biexponential model (BE) and biexponential model with total variation penalty function (BE + TV). Clinical data set of six patients with prostate cancer was retrospectively analyzed using 4, 8, and 13 b values. RESULTS: BE + TV method showed lesser error and lower variability in simulation and clinical data, respectively. 8 and 13 b values showed good agreement in the values of parameters estimated with high correlation coefficient (ρ = 0.83-0.93). Clinical data showed high spurious noise with lower b values [4 b values leading to high coefficient of variation (CV); however, substantially, lower CV was observed with 8 and 13 b values]. DISCUSSION: BE model with TV penalty function is robust to combination of b values used for IVIM analysis. Combination of 8 b values provided a reasonably good accuracy in IVIM parameters.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of number and combination of b values used on the accuracy of estimated Intravoxel Incoherent Motion (IVIM) parameters using simulation and clinical data. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Simulations with seven combinations of b values were performed for 4, 6, 8, and 13 numbers of b values with six different values of D, D*, and f parameters. Two methodologies were implemented for IVIM analysis: standard biexponential model (BE) and biexponential model with total variation penalty function (BE + TV). Clinical data set of six patients with prostate cancer was retrospectively analyzed using 4, 8, and 13 b values. RESULTS: BE + TV method showed lesser error and lower variability in simulation and clinical data, respectively. 8 and 13 b values showed good agreement in the values of parameters estimated with high correlation coefficient (ρ = 0.83-0.93). Clinical data showed high spurious noise with lower b values [4 b values leading to high coefficient of variation (CV); however, substantially, lower CV was observed with 8 and 13 b values]. DISCUSSION: BE model with TV penalty function is robust to combination of b values used for IVIM analysis. Combination of 8 b values provided a reasonably good accuracy in IVIM parameters.
Entities:
Keywords:
Biexponential model; Diffusion-weighted imaging; Intravoxel incoherent motion; Prostate cancer; Total variation penalty function; b values
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