| Literature DB >> 31168165 |
Javier Enrique Fonseca1,2, Juliana Lucía Rodriguez1, Durley Maya Salazar1.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: A strategy for reducing the number of cesarean sections is to allow vaginal delivery after cesarean section.Entities:
Keywords: Vaginal birth after cesarean; cervical dilatation; cohort study; labor presentation; obstetric delivery; repeat cesarean section; trial of labor; validation study
Mesh:
Year: 2019 PMID: 31168165 PMCID: PMC6536040 DOI: 10.25100/cm.v50i1.2521
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Colomb Med (Cali) ISSN: 0120-8322
Figure 1Flowchart of the patients in the VBAC recruiting process
Maternal characteristics of the pregnant women according to attempted TOLAC or C-section
| Characteristics | Vaginal delivery n: 203 | C-section n: 280 |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Age* (years) | 24 (21-29) | 25 (22-30) | §0.034 |
| Parity n (%) | |||
| Nullipara | 141 (69.46) | 237 (84.64) | †0.000 |
| Multipara | 59 (29.06) | 43 (15.36) | |
| Grand Multipara | 3 (1.48) | 0 (0.00) | |
| Birth before C-section n (%) | 35 (17.24) | 27 (9.64) | ‡0.073 |
| Birth after C-section n (%) | 36 (17.73) | 22 (7.86) | ‡0.000 |
| Race n (%) | 196 | 277 | |
| Black | 56 (28.57) | 105 (37.91) | †0.045 |
| Other race | 137 (69.90) | 171 (61.73) | |
| Indigenous population | 3 (1.53) | 1 (0.36) | |
| BMI (Kg/m2) | 24.15 (22.19 - 28.84) | 26.11 (23.38 - 29.65) | §0.000 |
| Gestational age* (ss) | 39 (38 - 40) | 39 (38 - 40) | §0.197 |
| Dilatation (Value in Bishop’s score) n (%) | |||
| 0 | 3 (1,48) | 159 (56.78) | †0.000 |
| 1 | 40 (19,70) | 105 (37.50) | |
| 2 | 75 (36.95) | 12 (4.29) | |
| 3 | 85 (41.87) | 4 (1.43) | |
| Effacement (Value in Bishop’s score) n (%) | |||
| 0 | 3 (1.48) | 189 (67.50) | †0.000 |
| 1 | 10 (4.93) | 51 (18.21) | |
| 2 | 69 (33.99) | 31 (11.07) | |
| 3 | 121 (59.61) | 9 (3.22) | |
| Station (Value in Bishop’s score) n (%) | |||
| 0 | 13 (6,40) | 212 (75.72) | †0.000 |
| 1 | 81 (39.90) | 51 (18.21) | |
| 2 | 108 (53.21) | 17 (6.07) | |
| 3 | 1 (0.49) | 0 (0.00) | |
| Position (Value in Bishop’s score) n (%) | 202 | 280 | |
| 0 | 13 (6.44) | 227 (81.07) | ‡0.000 |
| 1 | 91 (45.05) | 43 (15.36) | |
| 2 | 98 (48.51) | 10 (3.57) | |
| Consistency (Value in Bishop’s score) | 202 | 280 | |
| 0 | 0 (0.00) | 186 (66.43) | †0.000 |
| 1 | 63 (31.19) | 56 (20.00) | |
| 2 | 139 (68.81) | 38 (13.57) | |
| Bishop’s score at admission n (%) | |||
| < 6 | 30 (14.78) | 260 (92.86) | ‡0.000 |
| ≥ 7 | 173 (85.22) | 20 (7.14) | |
| Membranes status at admission n (%) | 202 | 280 | |
| Intact | 141 (69.80) | 258 (92.14) | ‡0.000 |
| Ruptured | 61 (30.20) | 22 (7.86) | |
| Diabetes n (%) | 10 (4.93) | 22 (7.86) | ‡0.181 |
| Pre-eclampsia n (%) | 24 (11.82) | 80 (28.57) | ‡0.000 |
* Median (RIQ),
§ Wilcoxon rank-sum test,
† Fisher's exact test,
‡ Chi2,
BMI: Body Mass Index
Characteristics at admission of pregnant women with a previous C-section, submitted to TOLAC
| Vaginal delivery (174) | C-Section (29) |
| |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age* (years) | 24 (21 - 28) | 24 (22 - 29) | §0.320 |
| Parity n (%) | |||
| Nullipara | 118 (67.82) | 23 (79.31) | †0.550 |
| Multipara | |||
| 53 (30.46) | 6 (20.69) | ||
| Grand Multipara | |||
| 3 (1.72) | 0 (0.00) | ||
| Birth before C-section n (%) | 30 (17.24) | 5 (17.24) | †0.990 |
| Birth after C-section n (%) | 35 (20.11) | 1 (3.45) | †0.029 |
| Race n (%) | 169 | 27 | |
| Black | 48 (28.40) | 8 (29.63) | †1.000 |
| Other race | 118 (69.82) | 19 (70.37) | |
| Indigenous population | 3 (1.78) | 0 (0.00) | |
| BMC* (Kg/M2) | 24.45 (22.19 - 26.67) | 25.24 (22.22 - 28.84) | §0.328 |
| Gestational age* (weeks) | 39 (38 - 40) | 39 (38 - 40) | §0.450 |
| Dilatation (Value in Bishop’s score) n (%) | |||
| 0 | 1 (0.57) | 2 (6.90) | †0.007 |
| 1 | 32 (18.39) | 8 (27.59) | |
| 2 | 62 (35.63) | 13 (44.83) | |
| 3 | 79 (45.40) | 6 (20.69) | |
| Effacement (Value in Bishop’s score) n (%) | |||
| 0 | 3 (1.72) | 0 (0.00) | †0.392 |
| 1 | 7 (4.02) | 3 (10.34) | |
| 2 | 58 (33.33) | 11 (37.93) | |
| 3 | 106 (60.92) | 15 (51.42) | |
| Station (Value in Bishop’s score) n (%) | |||
| 0 | 7 (4.02) | 6 (20.69) | †0.010 |
| 1 | 69 (39.66) | 12 (41.38) | |
| 2 | 97 (55.75) | 11 (37.93) | |
| 3 | 1 (0.57) | 0 (0.00) | |
| Position (Value in Bishop’s score) | 173 | 29 |
|
| 0 | 13 (7.51) | 0 (0.00) | †0.204 |
| 1 | 74 (42.77) | 17 (58.62) | |
| 2 | 86 (49.71) | 12 (41.38) | |
| Consistency (Value in Bishop’s score) | 173 | 29 |
|
| 0 | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | †0.261 |
| 1 | 52 (30,06) | 11 (37.93) | |
| 2 | 121 (69.99) | 18 (62.07) | |
| Bishop’s score at admission n (%) | |||
| < 6 | 24 (13.79) | 6 (20.69) | †0.293 |
| ≥ 7 | 150 (86.21) | 23 (79.31) | |
| Membranes status at admission n (%) | 173 | 29 | |
| Intact | 118 (68.21) | 23 (79.31) | ‡0.434 |
| Ruptured | 55 (31.79) | 6 (20.69) | |
| Diabetes n (%) | 8 (4.62) | 2 (6.90) | †0.805 |
| Pre-eclampsia n (%) | 20 (11.49) | 4 (13.79) | †0.731 |
* Median (RIQ),
§ Wilcoxon rank-sum test,
† Fisher's exact test,
‡ Chi2,
BMI: Body Mass Index
Predicted and observed probabilities of successful vaginal delivery in the HUV, according to the Grobman model
| Predicted probability VBAC (%) | Number of patients (n) | Attended births | Observed probability VBAC (%) | CI 95% |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0-10 | 0 | n/a | NA | |
| 11-20 | 3 | 0 | 0 | NA |
| 21-30 | 19 | 0 | 0 | NA |
| 31-40 | 31 | 1 | 3.23 | (-3.11 - 9.56) |
| 41-50 | 55 | 1 | 1.82 | (-1.75 - 5.39) |
| 51-60 | 39 | 1 | 2.56 | (-2.4 - 7.60) |
| 61-70 | 22 | 1 | 4.55 | (-4.39 - 13.48) |
| 71-80 | 26 | 0 | 0 | NA |
| 81-90 | 29 | 4 | 13.79 | (0.99 - 26.60) |
| 91-100 | 259 | 166 | 64.09 | (58.22 - 69.96) |
| Total | 483 | 174 | 36.02 |
VBAC: Successful vaginal delivery
NA: It does not apply
Predicted and real probabilities of successful vaginal delivery in the HUV, according to the Metz model
| Metz score | Number of patients (n) | Predicted probability VBAC (%) | Observed probability (%) | CI 95% |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4 | 38 | 11.7 | 0 | NA |
| 5 | 29 | 14.7 | 0 | NA |
| 6 | 16 | 19 | 0 | NA |
| 7 | 68 | 24.7 | 0 | NA |
| 8 | 27 | 31.9 | 0 | NA |
| 9 | 21 | 40.2 | 14.29 | (-10.89 - 30.66) |
| 10 | 22 | 49.1 | 4.55 | (-4.39 - 13.48) |
| 11 | 25 | 57.7 | 12 | (-10.33 - 25-03) |
| 12 | 17 | 65.6 | 17.65 | (-10.80 - 36.73) |
| 13 | 32 | 72.2 | 40.63 | (23.29 - 57.96) |
| 14 | 23 | 77.5 | 65.22 | (45.27 - 85.17) |
| 15 | 21 | 81.6 | 71.43 | (51.58 - 91.28) |
| 16 | 26 | 84.7 | 80.77 | (65.28 - 96.26) |
| 17 | 23 | 87 | 69.57 | (50.29 - 88.84) |
| 18 | 31 | 88.6 | 80.65 | (66.47 - 94.82) |
| 19 | 24 | 89.8 | 95.83 | (87.64 - 100.00) |
| 20 | 12 | 90.7 | 91.67 | (75.29 - 108.04) |
| 21 | 9 | 91.4 | 88.89 | (67.06 - 110.72) |
| 22 | 10 | 91.9 | 100 | NA |
| 23 | 8 | 92.3 | 87.5 | (62.94 - 112.06) |
VBAC: Successful vaginal delivery
NA: It does not apply
Performance of predictive models of successful vaginal delivery after C-section
| Characteristics of the model | Grobman | Metz | Grobman | Metz |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sensitivity (%) | 83.55 | 78.16 | 83.91 | 75.29 |
| Specificity (%) | 89.93 | 88.64 | 89.97 | 89.64 |
| LR+ | 8.30 | 6.88 | 8.36 | 7.27 |
| LR- | 0.18 | 0.25 | 0.18 | 0.28 |
| Area under the curve (IC 95%) | 0.947 (0.928-0.966) | 0.938 (0.910-0.954) | 0.943 (0.922-0.963) | 0.929 (0.906-0.951) |
* Model including all the variables included by the author
** Model including only variables that contribute to the model validated in the HUV.
LR: Likelihood Ratio
Figure 2Receiver-operator curve for prediction of successful vaginal delivery with the Grobman and Metz models
Opportunity of successful vaginal delivery in pregnant women
| Characteristic | OR (CI 95%) | ORa (CI 95%) |
|---|---|---|
| Birth after C-section | 1.57 (0.94 - 2.60) | 1.32 (0.82 - 2.12) |
| Dilatation | 2.8 (2.33 - 3.35) | 1.73 (1.39 - 2.17) |
| Effacement | 1.08 (1.06 - 1.09) | 1.01 (1.00 - 1.03) |
| Station | 6.78 (4.90 - 9.38) | 3.21 (1.95 - 5.28) |
| HTA | 0.35 (0.20 - 0.59) | 0.28 (0.11 - 0.71) |
| Induction | 6.84 (3.68 - 12.71) | 3.76 (1.70 - 8.35) |
OR: odd ratio ORa: adjusted odd ratio
CI 95%: confidence interval 95%
HTA: Chronic arterial hypertension
Maternal complications, characteristics and neonatal complications, according to birth pathway
| Characteristic | Birth (n= 174) | C-section ( n= 309) |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal complications n (%) | |||
| Vaginal tear III o IV | 7 (4.02) | 0 | 0.001 |
| Post-partum hemorrhage | 10 (5.75) | 4 (1.29) | 0.009 |
| Some complication | 15 (8.62) | 5 (1.62) | 0.000 |
| Characteristics and neonatal complications | |||
| Weight* (g) | 3,065 (2,810- 3,320) | 3,245 (2,900- 3,555) | 0.0001 |
| Sex n (%) | |||
| Male | 76 (43.68) | 169 (54.69) | |
| Female | 98 (56.32) | 139 (44.98) | |
| Apgar at 5 minutes n (%) | |||
| ≤ 7 | 0 (0.0) | 5 (1.4) | 0.302 |
| > 7 | 174 (100.0) | 304 (93.4) | |
| Mechanical ventilation n (%) | |||
| Yes | 1 (0.6) | 3 (1.0) | 1.00 |
| No | 173 (99.4) | 305 (98.7) | |
| Shoulder dystocia n (%) | |||
| Yes | 2 (1.2) | 0 (0.0) | 0.15 |
Figura 1Flujograma de las pacientes en el proceso de reclutamiento VBAC
Características maternas de gestantes de acuerdo a intento de TOLAC o cesárea.
| Características | Parto n: 203 | Cesárea n: 280 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Edad* (años) | 24 (21-29) | 25 (22-30) | §0.034 |
| Paridad n(%) | |||
| Nulípara | 141 (69.46) | 237 (84.64) | †0.000 |
| Multípara | 59 (29.06) | 43 (15.36) | |
| Gran Multípara | 3 (1.48) | 0 (0.00) | |
| Parto previo cesárea n(%) | 35 (17.24) | 27 (9.64) | ‡0.073 |
| Parto después de cesárea n(%) | 36 (17.73) | 22 (7.86) | ‡0.000 |
| Raza n(%) | 196 | 277 | |
| Negra | 56 (28.57) | 105 (37.91) | †0.045 |
| Otra raza | 137 (69.90) | 171 (61.73) | |
| Indigena | 3 (1.53) | 1 (0.36) | |
| IMC (Kg/m2) | 24.15 (22.19 - 28.84) | 26.11 (23.38 - 29.65) | §0.000 |
| Edad Gestacional* (ss) | 39 (38 - 40) | 39 (38 - 40) | §0.197 |
| Dilatación (valor en escala bishop) n(%) | |||
| 0 | 3 (1,48) | 159 (56.78) | †0.000 |
| 1 | 40 (19,70) | 105 (37.50) | |
| 2 | 75 (36.95) | 12 (4.29) | |
| 3 | 85 (41.87) | 4 (1.43) | |
| Borramiento (valor en escala bishop) n(%) | |||
| 0 | 3 (1.48) | 189 (67.50) | †0.000 |
| 1 | 10 (4.93) | 51 (18.21) | |
| 2 | 69 (33.99) | 31 (11.07) | |
| 3 | 121 (59.61) | 9 (3.22) | |
| Estación (valor en escala bishop) n(%) | |||
| 0 | 13 (6,40) | 212 (75.72) | †0.000 |
| 1 | 81 (39.90) | 51 (18.21) | |
| 2 | 108 (53.21) | 17 (6.07) | |
| 3 | 1 (0.49) | 0 (0.00) | |
| Posición (valor en escala bishop) n(%) | 202 | 280 | |
| 0 | 13 (6.44) | 227 (81.07) | ‡0.000 |
| 1 | 91 (45.05) | 43 (15.36) | |
| 2 | 98 (48.51) | 10 (3.57) | |
| Consistencia (valor en escala bishop) | 202 | 280 | |
| 0 | 0 (0.00) | 186 (66.43) | †0.000 |
| 1 | 63 (31.19) | 56 (20.00) | |
| 2 | 139 (68.81) | 38 (13.57) | |
| Bishop al ingreso n(%) | |||
| < 6 | 30 (14.78) | 260 (92.86) | ‡0.000 |
| ≥ 7 | 173 (85.22) | 20 (7.14) | |
| Estado membranas al ingreso n(%) | 202 | 280 | |
| Integras | 141 (69.80) | 258 (92.14) | ‡0.000 |
| Rotas | 61 (30.20) | 22 (7.86) | |
| Diabetes n(%) | 10 (4.93) | 22 (7.86) | ‡0.181 |
| Preeclampsia n(%) | 24 (11.82) | 80 (28.57) | ‡0.000 |
* Mediana (RIQ),
§ Rango de sumas de wilconxon,
† Prueba exacta de fisher,
‡ Chi2,
IMC: Índice de Masa Corporal
Características de ingreso de gestantes con cesárea previas sometidas a TOLAC
| Parto (174) | Cesárea (29) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Edad* (años) | 24 (21 - 28) | 24 (22 - 29) | §0.32 |
| Paridad n(%) | |||
| Nulipara | 118 (67.82) | 23 (79.31) | †0.550 |
| 53 (30.46) | 6 (20.69) | ||
| Multipara | |||
| Gran Multipara | |||
| 3 (1.72) | 0 (0.00) | ||
| Parto previo cesarea n(%) | 30 (17.24) | 5 (17.24) | †0.99 |
| Parto despues de cesarea n(%) | 35 (20.11) | 1 (3.45) | †0.029 |
| Raza n(%) | 169 | 27 | |
| Negra | 48 (28.40) | 8 (29.63) | †1.000 |
| Otra raza | 118 (69.82) | 19 (70.37) | |
| Indigena | 3 (1.78) | 0 (0.00) | |
| IMC* (Kg/M2) | 24.45 (22.19 - 26.67) | 25.24 (22.22 - 28.84) | §0.328 |
| Edad Gestacional* (ss) | 39 (38 - 40) | 39 (38 - 40) | §0.450 |
| Dilatacion (valor en escala bishop) n(%) | |||
| 0 | 1 (0.57) | 2 (6.90) | †0.007 |
| 1 | 32 (18.39) | 8 (27.59) | |
| 2 | 62 (35.63) | 13 (44.83) | |
| 3 | 79 (45.40) | 6 (20.69) | |
| Borramiento (valor en escala bishop) n(%) | |||
| 0 | 3 (1.72) | 0 (0.00) | †0.392 |
| 1 | 7 (4.02) | 3 (10.34) | |
| 2 | 58 (33.33) | 11 (37.93) | |
| 3 | 106 (60.92) | 15 (51.42) | |
| Estacion (valor en escala bishop) n(%) | |||
| 0 | 7 (4.02) | 6 (20.69) | †0.010 |
| 1 | 69 (39.66) | 12 (41.38) | |
| 2 | 97 (55.75) | 11 (37.93) | |
| 3 | 1 (0.57) | 0 (0.00) | |
| Posicion (valor en escala bishop) | 173 | 29 | |
| 0 | 13 (7.51) | 0 (0.00) | †0.204 |
| 1 | 74 (42.77) | 17 (58.62) | |
| 2 | 86 (49.71) | 12 (41.38) | |
| Consistencia (valor en escala bishop) | 173 | 29 | |
| 0 | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | †0.261 |
| 1 | 52 (30,06) | 11 (37.93) | |
| 2 | 121 (69.99) | 18 (62.07) | |
| Bishop al ingreso n(%) | |||
| < 6 | 24 (13.79) | 6 (20.69) | †0.293 |
| ≥ 7 | 150 (86.21) | 23 (79.31) | |
| Estado membranas al ingreso n(%) | 173 | 29 | |
| Integras | 118 (68.21) | 23 (79.31) | ‡0.434 |
| Rotas | 55 (31.79) | 6 (20.69) | |
| Diabetes n(%) | 8 (4.62) | 2 (6.90) | †0.805 |
| Preeclampsia n(%) | 20 (11.49) | 4 (13.79) | †0.731 |
* Mediana (RIQ),
§ Rango de sumas de wilconxon,
† Prueba exacta de fisher,
‡ Chi2,
IMC: Índice de Masa Corporal
Probabilidades predichas y observadas de parto vaginal exitoso de acuerdo al modelo de Grobman en el HUV
| Probabilidad predicha VBAC (%) | Numero pacientes (n) | Partos atendidos | Probabilidad observada VBAC (%) | IC 95% |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 - 10 | 0 | n/a | NA | |
| 11 - 20 | 3 | 0 | 0 | NA |
| 21 - 30 | 19 | 0 | 0 | NA |
| 31 - 40 | 31 | 1 | 3.23 | (-3.11 - 9.56) |
| 41 - 50 | 55 | 1 | 1.82 | (-1.75 - 5.39) |
| 51 - 60 | 39 | 1 | 2.56 | (-2.4 - 7.60) |
| 61 - 70 | 22 | 1 | 4.55 | (-4.39 - 13.48) |
| 71 - 80 | 26 | 0 | 0 | NA |
| 81 - 90 | 29 | 4 | 13.79 | (0.99 - 26.60) |
| 91 - 100 | 259 | 166 | 64.09 | (58.22 - 69.96) |
| Total | 483 | 174 | 36.02 |
VBAC: Parto vaginal exitoso
NA:No aplica
Probabilidades predichas y reales de parto vaginal exitoso de acuerdo al modelo de Metz en el HUV
| Puntaje Metz | Numero de pacientes (n) | Probabilidad predicha VBAC (%) | Probabilidad observada (%) | IC 95% |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4 | 38 | 11.7 | 0 | NA |
| 5 | 29 | 14.7 | 0 | NA |
| 6 | 16 | 19 | 0 | NA |
| 7 | 68 | 24.7 | 0 | NA |
| 8 | 27 | 31.9 | 0 | NA |
| 9 | 21 | 40.2 | 14.29 | (-10.89 - 30.66) |
| 10 | 22 | 49.1 | 4.55 | (-4.39 - 13.48) |
| 11 | 25 | 57.7 | 12 | (-10.33 - 25-03) |
| 12 | 17 | 65.6 | 17.65 | (-10.80 - 36.73) |
| 13 | 32 | 72.2 | 40.63 | (23.29 - 57.96) |
| 14 | 23 | 77.5 | 65.22 | (45.27 - 85.17) |
| 15 | 21 | 81.6 | 71.43 | (51.58 - 91.28) |
| 16 | 26 | 84.7 | 80.77 | (65.28 - 96.26) |
| 17 | 23 | 87 | 69.57 | (50.29 - 88.84) |
| 18 | 31 | 88.6 | 80.65 | (66.47 - 94.82) |
| 19 | 24 | 89.8 | 95.83 | (87.64 - 100.00) |
| 20 | 12 | 90.7 | 91.67 | (75.29 - 108.04) |
| 21 | 9 | 91.4 | 88.89 | (67.06 - 110.72) |
| 22 | 10 | 91.9 | 100 | NA |
| 23 | 8 | 92.3 | 87.5 | (62.94 - 112.06) |
VBAC: Parto vaginal exitoso
NA:No aplica
Rendimiento de modelos de predicción de parto vaginal exitoso después de cesárea
| Caracteristica del modelo | Grobman | Metz | Grobman | Metz |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sensibilidad (%) | 83.55 | 78.16 | 83.91 | 75.29 |
| Especificidad (%) | 89.93 | 88.64 | 89.97 | 89.64 |
| RV+ | 8.3 | 6.88 | 8.36 | 7.27 |
| RV- | 0.18 | 0.25 | 0.18 | 0.28 |
| Area bajo curva (IC 95%) | 0.947 (0.928-0.966) | 0.938 (0.910-0.954) | 0.943 (0.922-0.963) | 0.929 (0.906-0.951) |
* Modelo incluyendo todas las variables incluidas por el autor.
** Modelo incluyendo solo variables que aportan al modelo validado en el HUV. RV: Razon de verosimilitud
Figura 2Curva receptor-operador para predicción de parto vaginal exitoso con los modelos de Grobman y Metz
Oportunidad de parto vaginal exitoso en gestantes
| Característica | OR (IC 95%) | ORa (IC 95%) |
|---|---|---|
| Parto después cesárea | 1.57 (0.94 - 2.60) | 1.32 (0.82 - 2.12) |
| Dilatación | 2.8 (2.33 - 3.35) | 1.73 (1.39 - 2.17) |
| Borramiento | 1.08 (1.06 - 1.09) | 1.01 (1.00 - 1.03) |
| Estación | 6.78 (4.90 - 9.38) | 3.21 (1.95 - 5.28) |
| HTA | 0.35 (0.20 - 0.59) | 0.28 (0.11 - 0.71) |
| Inducción | 6.84 (3.68 - 12.71) | 3.76 (1.70 - 8.35) |
OR: odd ratio ORa: odd ratio ajustado
IC 95%: intervalo confianza 95%
HTA: Hipertension arterial crónica
Complicaciones maternas, características y complicaciones neonatales de acuerdo a vía de nacimiento
| Característica | Parto (n= 174) | Cesárea ( n= 309) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Complicaciones maternas n (%) | |||
| Desgarro vaginal III o IV | 7 (4.02) | 0 | 0.001 |
| Hemorragia postparto | 10 (5.75) | 4 (1.29) | 0.009 |
| Alguna complicación | 15 (8.62) | 5 (1.62) | 0.000 |
| Características y complicaciones neonatales | |||
| Peso* (g) | 3,065 (2,810- 3,320) | 3,245 (2,900- 3,555) | 0.0001 |
| Sexo n (%) | |||
| Femenino | 98 (56.3) | 139 (45.0) | |
| Apgar a los 5 minutos n(%) | |||
| ≤ 7 | 0 (0.0) | 5 (1.4) | 0.302 |
| > 7 | 174 (100.0) | 304 (93.4) | |
| Ventilación mecánica n(%) | |||
| Si | 1 (0.6) | 3 (1.0) | 1.00 |
| No | 173 (99.4) | 305 (98.7) | |
| Distocia de hombro n(%) | |||
| Si | 2 (1.2) | 0 (0.0) | 0.15 |
* mediana (RIQ)