Mohamed G Hassan1,2,3, Ricardo Vargas4, Abbas R Zaher2, Hanan A Ismail2, Clare Lee3, Timothy C Cox5, Andrew H Jheon3,4,6. 1. Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt. 2. Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt. 3. Program in Craniofacial Biology, UCSF, San Francisco, California. 4. Division of Orthodontics, UCSF, San Francisco, California. 5. Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington. 6. Division of Craniofacial Anomalies, UCSF, San Francisco, California.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of our study was to determine morphological changes and bone mineral density (BMD) differences in the adult mandible of offspring exposed to high calcium, low phosphorus diets in utero until weaning age. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Time-mated FVB wild-type mice were fed normal or experimental diet during gestation and until weaning of offspring. Experimental diet contained 3-fold increase in calcium and 3-fold decrease in phosphorus compared to normal diet. Adult mandibles of offspring exposed to experimental diet were sacrificed and heads scanned using micro-computed tomography. Three-dimensional 3D geometric morphometric analysis GMA was utilized to detect morphological changes to the mandible including the condyle. RESULTS: Experimental females showed the greatest morphological differences including shortened mandibular ramus width and height, shortened mandibular body length and height, a wider but shortened condylar neck and a wider condylar head in the lateral-medial direction. Experimental male mandibles trended towards increased mandibular body height and length, opposite the changes observed in experimental female mandibles, whereas condyles were similar to that observed in experimental females. Bone mineral density (BMD) was lowered in experimental females. CONCLUSION: Increased calcium and decreased phosphorus levels led to a retrognathic mandible associated with lowered BMD in experimental females, whereas experimental showed partly opposite effects. Further studies are required to understand the mechanism underlying diet- and gender-specific differences in mandibular morphology.
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of our study was to determine morphological changes and bone mineral density (BMD) differences in the adult mandible of offspring exposed to high calcium, low phosphorus diets in utero until weaning age. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Time-mated FVB wild-type mice were fed normal or experimental diet during gestation and until weaning of offspring. Experimental diet contained 3-fold increase in calcium and 3-fold decrease in phosphorus compared to normal diet. Adult mandibles of offspring exposed to experimental diet were sacrificed and heads scanned using micro-computed tomography. Three-dimensional 3D geometric morphometric analysis GMA was utilized to detect morphological changes to the mandible including the condyle. RESULTS: Experimental females showed the greatest morphological differences including shortened mandibular ramus width and height, shortened mandibular body length and height, a wider but shortened condylar neck and a wider condylar head in the lateral-medial direction. Experimental male mandibles trended towards increased mandibular body height and length, opposite the changes observed in experimental female mandibles, whereas condyles were similar to that observed in experimental females. Bone mineral density (BMD) was lowered in experimental females. CONCLUSION: Increased calcium and decreased phosphorus levels led to a retrognathic mandible associated with lowered BMD in experimental females, whereas experimental showed partly opposite effects. Further studies are required to understand the mechanism underlying diet- and gender-specific differences in mandibular morphology.
Authors: Christopher Phillip Chen; Jiehua Zhang; Bin Zhang; Mohamed G Hassan; Kyle Hane; Caroline C Chen; Ana Alejandra Navarro Palacios; Sunil Kapila; Andrew H Jheon; Alice F Goodwin Journal: JBMR Plus Date: 2022-07-03
Authors: Mohamed G Hassan; Christopher Chen; Hanan A Ismail; Abbas R Zaher; Timothy C Cox; Alice F Goodwin; Andrew H Jheon Journal: Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop Date: 2022-02-05 Impact factor: 2.711
Authors: Vito Crincoli; Angela Pia Cazzolla; Mariasevera Di Comite; Lorenzo Lo Muzio; Domenico Ciavarella; Mario Dioguardi; Maria Eleonora Bizzoca; Giuseppe Palmieri; Antonietta Fontana; Arcangela Giustino; Michele Di Cosola; Brescia Vincenzo; Roberto Lovero; Francesca Di Serio Journal: Nutrients Date: 2021-06-04 Impact factor: 5.717