Winston E Abara1, Lindsay Trujillo2, Dita Broz2, Teresa Finlayson2, Eyasu Teshale1, Gabriela Paz-Bailey2, Sara Glick3, Alia A Al-Tayyib4, William T Robinson5, Stephanie Masiello-Schuette6, Ekow K Sey7, Bridget J Anderson8, Jonathon Poe9, Sarah Braunstein10. 1. Division of Viral Hepatitis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia. 2. Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia. 3. Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington. 4. Denver Public Health, Denver Health and Hospital Authority, Denver, Colorado. 5. STD/HIV Program, Louisiana Department of Health and LSU Health Sciences Center, School of Public Health, New Orleans, Louisiana. 6. Chicago Department of Public Health, Chicago, Illinois. 7. Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, California. 8. Bureau of HIV/AIDS Epidemiology, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York. 9. TB/HIV/STD Branch, Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin, Texas. 10. Bureau of HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Historically, older people who inject drugs (PWID) have had the highest hepatitis C virus (HCV) burden; however, young PWID now account for recent increases. We assessed factors associated with past or present HCV infection (HCV antibody [anti-HCV] positive) among young (≤35 years) and older (>35 years) PWID. METHODS: We calculated adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to examine sociodemographic and past 12-month injection behaviors associated with HCV infection. RESULTS: Of 4094 PWID, 55.2% were anti-HCV positive. Among young PWID, anti-HCV prevalence was 42.1% and associated with ≤high school diploma/General Education Development diploma (GED) (aPR, 1.17 [95% CI, 1.03-1.33]), receptive syringe sharing (aPR, 1.37 [95% CI, 1.21-1.56]), sharing injection equipment (aPR, 1.16 [95% CI, 1.01-1.35]), arrest history (aPR, 1.14 [95% CI, 1.02-1.29]), and injecting speedball (aPR, 1.37 [95% CI, 1.16-1.61]). Among older PWID, anti-HCV prevalence was 62.2% and associated with ≤high school diploma/GED (aPR, 1.08 [95% CI, 1.02-1.15]), sharing injection equipment (aPR, 1.08 [95% CI, 1.02-1.15]), high injection frequency (aPR, 1.16 [95% CI, 1.01-1.34]), and injecting speedball (aPR, 1.09 [95% CI, 1.01-1.16]). CONCLUSIONS: Anti-HCV prevalence is high among PWID and varies with age. Scaling up direct-acting antiviral treatment, syringe service programs, and medication-assisted therapy is critical to mitigating transmission risk and infection burden. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2019.
BACKGROUND: Historically, older people who inject drugs (PWID) have had the highest hepatitis C virus (HCV) burden; however, young PWID now account for recent increases. We assessed factors associated with past or present HCV infection (HCV antibody [anti-HCV] positive) among young (≤35 years) and older (>35 years) PWID. METHODS: We calculated adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to examine sociodemographic and past 12-month injection behaviors associated with HCV infection. RESULTS: Of 4094 PWID, 55.2% were anti-HCV positive. Among young PWID, anti-HCV prevalence was 42.1% and associated with ≤high school diploma/General Education Development diploma (GED) (aPR, 1.17 [95% CI, 1.03-1.33]), receptive syringe sharing (aPR, 1.37 [95% CI, 1.21-1.56]), sharing injection equipment (aPR, 1.16 [95% CI, 1.01-1.35]), arrest history (aPR, 1.14 [95% CI, 1.02-1.29]), and injecting speedball (aPR, 1.37 [95% CI, 1.16-1.61]). Among older PWID, anti-HCV prevalence was 62.2% and associated with ≤high school diploma/GED (aPR, 1.08 [95% CI, 1.02-1.15]), sharing injection equipment (aPR, 1.08 [95% CI, 1.02-1.15]), high injection frequency (aPR, 1.16 [95% CI, 1.01-1.34]), and injecting speedball (aPR, 1.09 [95% CI, 1.01-1.16]). CONCLUSIONS: Anti-HCV prevalence is high among PWID and varies with age. Scaling up direct-acting antiviral treatment, syringe service programs, and medication-assisted therapy is critical to mitigating transmission risk and infection burden. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2019.
Entities:
Keywords:
HCV; direct-acting antiviral treatment; hepatitis C; heroin; medication-assisted treatment; opioid use; people who inject drugs; young people who inject drugs
Authors: Winston E Abara; P Spradling; Y Zhong; A Moorman; E H Teshale; L Rupp; S C Gordon; M Schmidt; J A Boscarino; Y G Daida; S D Holmberg Journal: J Gastrointest Cancer Date: 2020-06
Authors: Patrick Sean Sullivan; Heather M Bradley; Carlos Del Rio; Eli S Rosenberg Journal: Infect Dis Clin North Am Date: 2020-09 Impact factor: 5.982
Authors: Kimberly Page; Jennifer L Evans; Judith A Hahn; Peter Vickerman; Stephen Shiboski; Meghan D Morris Journal: PLoS One Date: 2019-12-10 Impact factor: 3.240