Gerhard Gmel1,2,3,4, Yasser Khazaal5,6,7, Joseph Studer1, Stéphanie Baggio8,9,10,11, Simon Marmet1. 1. Alcohol Treatment Centre, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland. 2. Research Department, Addiction Switzerland, Lausanne, Switzerland. 3. Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. 4. University of the West of England, Faculty of Health and Social Science, Frenchay Campus, Bristol, UK. 5. Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland. 6. Department of Psychiatry, Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland. 7. Research Centre, University Institute of Mental Health at Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. 8. Division of Prison Health, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. 9. Life Course and Social Inequality Research Centre, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. 10. Centre for Excessive Gambling, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland. 11. Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The study aims to develop a short form of the compulsive internet use scale (CIUS), which can be used in multitopic and general population health surveys and is invariant across different sexes, linguistic regions, and ages. METHODS: Two general population surveys from 2013 and 2015 were used as learning (n = 1,371) and validation samples (n = 1,550), respectively. Reducing items from the original CIUS was based on the following: (a) correlated errors between items, (b) differential item functioning, and (c) measurement invariance. Methods used item response theory and latent confirmatory factor analysis for ordinal variables. RESULTS: The eight-item short form maintained the five dimensions of the original scale and was metric and mostly scale invariant for sex, region, and age. It fell marginally short of scale invariance (ΔCFI < 0.01) for regions in the learning sample and for sexes in the validation sample (both ΔCFI = 0.013, p < 0.01). Root mean square error of approximation was 0.045 and 0.036, and comparative fit index was 0.989 and 0.995, in the learning and validation samples, respectively, showing excellent fit of the model to data. Correlations with the full scale were r = 0.966 (learning) and r = 0.969 (validation). CONCLUSION: If the full 14-item CIUS is a valid, reliable screening instrument, then the short eight-item form is too, and can be used in multitopic, general population health surveys.
OBJECTIVES: The study aims to develop a short form of the compulsive internet use scale (CIUS), which can be used in multitopic and general population health surveys and is invariant across different sexes, linguistic regions, and ages. METHODS: Two general population surveys from 2013 and 2015 were used as learning (n = 1,371) and validation samples (n = 1,550), respectively. Reducing items from the original CIUS was based on the following: (a) correlated errors between items, (b) differential item functioning, and (c) measurement invariance. Methods used item response theory and latent confirmatory factor analysis for ordinal variables. RESULTS: The eight-item short form maintained the five dimensions of the original scale and was metric and mostly scale invariant for sex, region, and age. It fell marginally short of scale invariance (ΔCFI < 0.01) for regions in the learning sample and for sexes in the validation sample (both ΔCFI = 0.013, p < 0.01). Root mean square error of approximation was 0.045 and 0.036, and comparative fit index was 0.989 and 0.995, in the learning and validation samples, respectively, showing excellent fit of the model to data. Correlations with the full scale were r = 0.966 (learning) and r = 0.969 (validation). CONCLUSION: If the full 14-item CIUS is a valid, reliable screening instrument, then the short eight-item form is too, and can be used in multitopic, general population health surveys.
Authors: Mark D Griffiths; Antonius J van Rooij; Daniel Kardefelt-Winther; Vladan Starcevic; Orsolya Király; Ståle Pallesen; Kai Müller; Michael Dreier; Michelle Carras; Nicole Prause; Daniel L King; Elias Aboujaoude; Daria J Kuss; Halley M Pontes; Olatz Lopez Fernandez; Katalin Nagygyorgy; Sophia Achab; Joël Billieux; Thorsten Quandt; Xavier Carbonell; Christopher J Ferguson; Rani A Hoff; Jeffrey Derevensky; Maria C Haagsma; Paul Delfabbro; Mark Coulson; Zaheer Hussain; Zsolt Demetrovics Journal: Addiction Date: 2016-01 Impact factor: 6.526
Authors: Gerhard Gmel; Yasser Khazaal; Joseph Studer; Stéphanie Baggio; Simon Marmet Journal: Int J Methods Psychiatr Res Date: 2019-01-16 Impact factor: 4.035
Authors: Yasser Khazaal; Fares Zine El Abiddine; Louise Penzenstadler; Djamal Berbiche; Ghada Bteich; Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi; Lucien Rochat; Sophia Achab; Riaz Khan; Anne Chatton Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-09-24 Impact factor: 4.614