| Literature DB >> 30642436 |
Melanie D Sweeney1, Axel Montagne1, Abhay P Sagare1, Daniel A Nation2, Lon S Schneider3, Helena C Chui4, Michael G Harrington5, Judy Pa6, Meng Law7, Danny J J Wang6, Russell E Jacobs1, Fergus N Doubal8, Joel Ramirez9, Sandra E Black10, Maiken Nedergaard11, Helene Benveniste12, Martin Dichgans13, Costantino Iadecola14, Seth Love15, Philip M Bath16, Hugh S Markus17, Rustam Al-Shahi Salman8, Stuart M Allan18, Terence J Quinn19, Rajesh N Kalaria20, David J Werring21, Roxana O Carare22, Rhian M Touyz23, Steve C R Williams24, Michael A Moskowitz25, Zvonimir S Katusic26, Sarah E Lutz27, Orly Lazarov27, Richard D Minshall28, Jalees Rehman29, Thomas P Davis30, Cheryl L Wellington31, Hector M González32, Chun Yuan33, Samuel N Lockhart34, Timothy M Hughes34, Christopher L H Chen35, Perminder Sachdev36, John T O'Brien37, Ingmar Skoog38, Leonardo Pantoni39, Deborah R Gustafson40, Geert Jan Biessels41, Anders Wallin42, Eric E Smith43, Vincent Mok44, Adrian Wong45, Peter Passmore46, Frederick Barkof47, Majon Muller48, Monique M B Breteler49, Gustavo C Román50, Edith Hamel51, Sudha Seshadri52, Rebecca F Gottesman53, Mark A van Buchem54, Zoe Arvanitakis55, Julie A Schneider55, Lester R Drewes56, Vladimir Hachinski57, Caleb E Finch58, Arthur W Toga59, Joanna M Wardlaw8, Berislav V Zlokovic60.
Abstract
Increasing evidence recognizes Alzheimer's disease (AD) as a multifactorial and heterogeneous disease with multiple contributors to its pathophysiology, including vascular dysfunction. The recently updated AD Research Framework put forth by the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association describes a biomarker-based pathologic definition of AD focused on amyloid, tau, and neuronal injury. In response to this article, here we first discussed evidence that vascular dysfunction is an important early event in AD pathophysiology. Next, we examined various imaging sequences that could be easily implemented to evaluate different types of vascular dysfunction associated with, and/or contributing to, AD pathophysiology, including changes in blood-brain barrier integrity and cerebral blood flow. Vascular imaging biomarkers of small vessel disease of the brain, which is responsible for >50% of dementia worldwide, including AD, are already established, well characterized, and easy to recognize. We suggest that these vascular biomarkers should be incorporated into the AD Research Framework to gain a better understanding of AD pathophysiology and aid in treatment efforts.Entities:
Keywords: Alzheimer's disease; Biomarkers; Blood-brain barrier; Cerebral blood flow; MRI; Vascular
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Year: 2019 PMID： 30642436 PMCID： PMC6338083 DOI： 10.1016/j.jalz.2018.07.222
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Alzheimers Dement ISSN： 1552-5260 Impact factor: 16.655