Prosthetic feet. State of the Art.

Familiarity with the characteristics of current prosthetic foot-ankle assemblies will enable physical therapists to participate more effectively in the management of individuals with lower limb amputation. The purpose of this article is to inform therapists of the distinctions among various prosthetic devices, including their advantages and disadvantages. All foot-ankle prosthetic, components support the wearer, absorb shock, and simulate toe extension passively. Articulated assemblies, such as the single-axis and multiple-axis feet, plantar flex easily after heel-strike; however, they have an unattractive gap at the ankle. Nonarticulated components, such as the solid-ankle cushion heel foot, have various keel designs; energy-storing variants provide springiness for walking and running. Foot selection should reflect consideration of the patient's physical and psychological attributes and financial resources. Training should be structured to enable the wearer to make use of all features of the component. More laboratory and clinical research on prosthetic feet should be conducted to provide objective data on foot function.