BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a non-autoimmune disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and increased non-enzymatic glycation of amino groups. Glycation occurs through a series of events eventually leading to the formation of irreversible "advanced glycation end-products" (AGEs). AGEs may affect the function of long-lived proteins, including cytokines, immunoglobulins and their receptors, resulting in a "less active" immune system. We aimed to test the hypothesis that a common inflammatory chronic disease, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), in which the earliest event is an inflammatory response to unknown stimulus, has a lower prevalence in these patients than in normoglycemic, non-diabetic subjects. METHODS: In this study, we compared the prevalence of RA in a prospectively followed outpatient cohort of patients with T2DM patients (n=1,630) with a control, matched, non-diabetic population (n=1,630). RESULTS: Among non-diabetic controls, 13 patients (prevalence 0.80%) with RA were identified. An almost 3-fold lower prevalence of RA (0.25%) was found in consecutive patients with T2DM (P=0.029). Most of the RA cases among participants with T2DM were diagnosed early after diabetes onset. The onset of RA in patients with T2DM occurred at significantly older age (64±15 years) as compared to the non-diabetes group (48±18 years; P=0.004). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of RA is lower and occurs in an older age in patients with pre-existing T2DM in comparison with people without T2DM.
BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a non-autoimmune disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and increased non-enzymatic glycation of amino groups. Glycation occurs through a series of events eventually leading to the formation of irreversible "advanced glycation end-products" (AGEs). AGEs may affect the function of long-lived proteins, including cytokines, immunoglobulins and their receptors, resulting in a "less active" immune system. We aimed to test the hypothesis that a common inflammatory chronic disease, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), in which the earliest event is an inflammatory response to unknown stimulus, has a lower prevalence in these patients than in normoglycemic, non-diabetic subjects. METHODS: In this study, we compared the prevalence of RA in a prospectively followed outpatient cohort of patients with T2DM patients (n=1,630) with a control, matched, non-diabetic population (n=1,630). RESULTS: Among non-diabetic controls, 13 patients (prevalence 0.80%) with RA were identified. An almost 3-fold lower prevalence of RA (0.25%) was found in consecutive patients with T2DM (P=0.029). Most of the RA cases among participants with T2DM were diagnosed early after diabetes onset. The onset of RA in patients with T2DM occurred at significantly older age (64±15 years) as compared to the non-diabetes group (48±18 years; P=0.004). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of RA is lower and occurs in an older age in patients with pre-existing T2DM in comparison with people without T2DM.
Authors: Michiel E Stegenga; Saskia N van der Crabben; Regje M E Blümer; Marcel Levi; Joost C M Meijers; Mireille J Serlie; Michael W T Tanck; Hans P Sauerwein; Tom van der Poll Journal: Blood Date: 2008-03-03 Impact factor: 22.113
Authors: Catalin Koro; Ewa Bielecka; Anders Dahl-Knudsen; Jan J Enghild; Carsten Scavenius; Johan G Brun; Veronika Binder; Annelie Hellvard; Brith Bergum; Roland Jonsson; Jan Potempa; Anna M Blom; Piotr Mydel Journal: Eur J Immunol Date: 2014-10-20 Impact factor: 5.532