Laurie A Matthews1, Suvi P Rovio1, Johanna M Jaakkola1, Harri Niinikoski2, Hanna Lagström3, Antti Jula4, Jorma S A Viikari5, Tapani Rönnemaa5, Olli Simell1, Olli T Raitakari1,6, Katja Pahkala7,8. 1. Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. 2. Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland. 3. Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. 4. National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku, Finland. 5. Department of Medicine, University of Turku and Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland. 6. Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland. 7. Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. katja.pahkala@utu.fi. 8. Paavo Nurmi Centre, Sports & Exercise Medicine Unit, Department of Health and Physical Activity, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. katja.pahkala@utu.fi.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/ OBJECTIVES: Coronary heart disease begins in childhood and warrants prevention strategies such as dietary modification. The objective was to determine the effect of the Special Turku Coronary Risk Factor Intervention Project (STRIP) dietary intervention on food consumption and nutrient intake over 20-year intervention period. SUBJECTS/ METHODS: The STRIP is a prospective, randomized trial conducted between 1990 and 2011. Enrolled 6-month-old infants (n = 1062) were randomized to an intervention group (n = 540) receiving dietary counseling biannually from age 7 months to 20 years or control group (n = 522) not receiving any intervention. Food and nutrient intake was assessed annually using 4-day food records. A food-based diet score was calculated. RESULTS: The intervention led to (1) higher consumption of low-fat unsweetened dairy (β = 177.76, 95% CI 157.36-198.16 g/day), vegetable-oil based fats (β = 6.00, 5.37-6.63 g/day), fish (β = 2.45, 1.44-3.45 g/day), fiber-rich grain products (β = 5.53, 3.17-7.89 g/day), fruits/berries (β = 9.93, 4.44-15.43 g/day), vegetables (β = 11.95, 7.74-16.16 g/day); (2) lower consumption of desserts (β = - 4.10, 95% CI - 6.50 to - 1.70 g/day); (3) lower intake of sucrose (β = - 1.61, 95% CI - 2.88 to - 0.35 g/day), and higher intake of fiber (β = 0.83, 0.55-1.11 g/day), folate (β = 11.14, 95% CI 8.23-14.05 μg/day), vitamin D (β = 0.52, 0.39-0.64 μg/day), C (β = 8.08, 4.79-11.38 mg/day), E (β = 0.93, 0.81-1.05 mg/day), iron (β = 0.31, 0.18-0.44 mg/day), zinc (β = 0.29, 0.17-0.40 mg/day), magnesium (β = 12.17, 9.02-15.33 mg/day), sodium (β = 55.00, 24.40-85.60 mg/day), potassium (β = 157.11, 107.24-206.98 mg/day). No effect was found on nut/seed, red/processed meat, sugar-sweetened beverage, salty snack consumption, or vitamin A and calcium intake. Intervention effect was more pronounced in boys. CONCLUSIONS: The STRIP intervention improved children's diet quality over 20 years, indicating that beneficial dietary changes can be introduced and sustained in youth.
BACKGROUND/ OBJECTIVES: Coronary heart disease begins in childhood and warrants prevention strategies such as dietary modification. The objective was to determine the effect of the Special Turku Coronary Risk Factor Intervention Project (STRIP) dietary intervention on food consumption and nutrient intake over 20-year intervention period. SUBJECTS/ METHODS: The STRIP is a prospective, randomized trial conducted between 1990 and 2011. Enrolled 6-month-old infants (n = 1062) were randomized to an intervention group (n = 540) receiving dietary counseling biannually from age 7 months to 20 years or control group (n = 522) not receiving any intervention. Food and nutrient intake was assessed annually using 4-day food records. A food-based diet score was calculated. RESULTS: The intervention led to (1) higher consumption of low-fat unsweetened dairy (β = 177.76, 95% CI 157.36-198.16 g/day), vegetable-oil based fats (β = 6.00, 5.37-6.63 g/day), fish (β = 2.45, 1.44-3.45 g/day), fiber-rich grain products (β = 5.53, 3.17-7.89 g/day), fruits/berries (β = 9.93, 4.44-15.43 g/day), vegetables (β = 11.95, 7.74-16.16 g/day); (2) lower consumption of desserts (β = - 4.10, 95% CI - 6.50 to - 1.70 g/day); (3) lower intake of sucrose (β = - 1.61, 95% CI - 2.88 to - 0.35 g/day), and higher intake of fiber (β = 0.83, 0.55-1.11 g/day), folate (β = 11.14, 95% CI 8.23-14.05 μg/day), vitamin D (β = 0.52, 0.39-0.64 μg/day), C (β = 8.08, 4.79-11.38 mg/day), E (β = 0.93, 0.81-1.05 mg/day), iron (β = 0.31, 0.18-0.44 mg/day), zinc (β = 0.29, 0.17-0.40 mg/day), magnesium (β = 12.17, 9.02-15.33 mg/day), sodium (β = 55.00, 24.40-85.60 mg/day), potassium (β = 157.11, 107.24-206.98 mg/day). No effect was found on nut/seed, red/processed meat, sugar-sweetened beverage, salty snack consumption, or vitamin A and calcium intake. Intervention effect was more pronounced in boys. CONCLUSIONS: The STRIP intervention improved children's diet quality over 20 years, indicating that beneficial dietary changes can be introduced and sustained in youth.
Authors: H Niinikoski; J Viikari; T Rönnemaa; H Helenius; E Jokinen; H Lapinleimu; T Routi; H Lagström; R Seppänen; I Välimäki; O Simell Journal: Pediatrics Date: 1997-11 Impact factor: 7.124
Authors: William S Weintraub; Stephen R Daniels; Lora E Burke; Barry A Franklin; David C Goff; Laura L Hayman; Donald Lloyd-Jones; Dilip K Pandey; Eduardo J Sanchez; Andrea Parsons Schram; Laurie P Whitsel Journal: Circulation Date: 2011-07-25 Impact factor: 29.690
Authors: Olli T Raitakari; Tapani Rönnemaa; Mikko J Järvisalo; Tuuli Kaitosaari; Iina Volanen; Katariina Kallio; Hanna Lagström; Eero Jokinen; Harri Niinikoski; Jorma S A Viikari; Olli Simell Journal: Circulation Date: 2005-12-05 Impact factor: 29.690
Authors: Harri Niinikoski; Katja Pahkala; Mika Ala-Korpela; Jorma Viikari; Tapani Rönnemaa; Hanna Lagström; Eero Jokinen; Antti Jula; Markku J Savolainen; Olli Simell; Olli T Raitakari Journal: Pediatrics Date: 2012-02-13 Impact factor: 7.124
Authors: Harri Niinikoski; Antti Jula; Jorma Viikari; Tapani Rönnemaa; Pekka Heino; Hanna Lagström; Eero Jokinen; Olli Simell Journal: Hypertension Date: 2009-04-13 Impact factor: 10.190
Authors: Harri Niinikoski; Hanna Lagström; Eero Jokinen; Marja Siltala; Tapani Rönnemaa; Jorma Viikari; Olli T Raitakari; Antti Jula; Jukka Marniemi; Kirsti Näntö-Salonen; Olli Simell Journal: Circulation Date: 2007-08-13 Impact factor: 29.690
Authors: Olli Oranta; Katja Pahkala; Soile Ruottinen; Harri Niinikoski; Hanna Lagström; Jorma S A Viikari; Antti Jula; Britt-Marie Loo; Olli Simell; Tapani Rönnemaa; Olli T Raitakari Journal: Diabetes Care Date: 2013-06-25 Impact factor: 19.112
Authors: Anniina Keskitalo; Eveliina Munukka; Anna Aatsinki; Wisam Saleem; Noora Kartiosuo; Leo Lahti; Pentti Huovinen; Laura L Elo; Sami Pietilä; Suvi P Rovio; Harri Niinikoski; Jorma Viikari; Tapani Rönnemaa; Hanna Lagström; Antti Jula; Olli Raitakari; Katja Pahkala Journal: Nutrients Date: 2022-06-27 Impact factor: 6.706
Authors: Rebecca K Hodder; Kate M O'Brien; Fiona G Stacey; Flora Tzelepis; Rebecca J Wyse; Kate M Bartlem; Rachel Sutherland; Erica L James; Courtney Barnes; Luke Wolfenden Journal: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Date: 2019-11-07
Authors: Miia Lehtovirta; Laurie A Matthews; Tomi T Laitinen; Joel Nuotio; Harri Niinikoski; Suvi P Rovio; Hanna Lagström; Jorma S A Viikari; Tapani Rönnemaa; Antti Jula; Mika Ala-Korpela; Olli T Raitakari; Katja Pahkala Journal: Nutrients Date: 2021-02-06 Impact factor: 5.717