Damien Subtil1, Gilles Brabant2, Emma Tilloy1, Patrick Devos3, Frédérique Canis4, Annie Fruchart5, Marie-Christine Bissinger5, Jean-Charles Dugimont6, Catherine Nolf6, Christophe Hacot6, Sophie Gautier7, Jérôme Chantrel8, Marielle Jousse9, David Desseauve9, Jean Louis Plennevaux10, Christine Delaeter11, Sylvie Deghilage11, Anne Personne11, Emmanuelle Joyez12, Elisabeth Guinard12, Eric Kipnis13, Karine Faure14, Bruno Grandbastien15, Pierre-Yves Ancel16, François Goffinet17, Rodrigue Dessein18. 1. Pôle Femme Mère Nouveau-né, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Lille, France; Epidémiologie et Qualité des soins (EA 2694), Université de Lille, Lille, France. 2. Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Groupement des Hôpitaux de l'Institut Catholique de Lille, Hôpital Saint Vincent, Lille, France. 3. Epidémiologie et Qualité des soins (EA 2694), Université de Lille, Lille, France. 4. Laboratoire de Biologie Médicale, Centre Hospitalier de Valenciennes, Valenciennes, France. 5. Institut de Microbiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Lille, France. 6. Association des Biologistes des Régions Nord Picardie, Marcq-en-Baroeul, France. 7. Centre Regional de Pharmacovigilance, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Lille, France. 8. Hôpital Privé de Villeneuve d'Ascq, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France. 9. Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, Poitiers, France. 10. Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Centre Hospitalier d'Arras, Arras, France. 11. Pôle Femme Mère Nouveau-né, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Lille, France. 12. Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Centre Hospitalier de Calais, Calais, France. 13. Service de Réanimation Chirurgicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Lille, France; Recherche Translationelle Relation Hôte-Pathogènes, Université de Lille, Lille, France. 14. Service de Maladies Infectieuses, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Lille, France; Recherche Translationelle Relation Hôte-Pathogènes, Université de Lille, Lille, France. 15. Service de Gestion de Risque Infectieux et des Vigilances, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Lille, France; Epidémiologie et Qualité des soins (EA 2694), Université de Lille, Lille, France. 16. Epidemiological Research in Perinatal Health and Women's and Children Health, INSERM UMR 1153, Paris, France. 17. Epidemiological Research in Perinatal Health and Women's and Children Health, INSERM UMR 1153, Paris, France; Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin Port Royal Saint Vincent de Paul, Paris, France. 18. Institut de Microbiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Lille, France; Recherche Translationelle Relation Hôte-Pathogènes, Université de Lille, Lille, France. Electronic address: rodrigue.dessein@chru-lille.fr.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Preterm delivery during pregnancy (<37 weeks' gestation) is a leading cause of perinatal mortality and morbidity. Treating bacterial vaginosis during pregnancy can reduce poor outcomes, such as preterm birth. We aimed to investigate whether treatment of bacterial vaginosis decreases late miscarriages or spontaneous very preterm birth. METHODS: PREMEVA was a double-blind randomised controlled trial done in 40 French centres. Women aged 18 years or older with bacterial vaginosis and low-risk pregnancy were eligible for inclusion and were randomly assigned (2:1) to three parallel groups: single-course or triple-course 300 mg clindamycin twice-daily for 4 days, or placebo. Women with high-risk pregnancy outcomes were eligible for inclusion in a high-risk subtrial and were randomly assigned (1:1) to either single-course or triple-course clindamycin. The primary outcome was a composite of late miscarriage (16-21 weeks) or spontaneous very preterm birth (22-32 weeks), which we assessed in all patients with delivery data (modified intention to treat). Adverse events were systematically reported. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00642980. FINDINGS:Between April 1, 2006, and June 30, 2011, we screened 84 530 pregnant women before 14 weeks' gestation. 5630 had bacterial vaginosis, of whom 3105 were randomly assigned to groups in the low-risk trial (n=943 to receivesingle-course clindamycin, n=968 to receive triple-course clindamycin, and n=958 to receive placebo) or high-risk subtrial (n=122 to receive single-course clindamycin and n=114 to receive triple-course clindamycin). In 2869 low-risk pregnancies, the primary outcome occurred in 22 (1·2%) of 1904 participants receiving clindamycin and 10 (1·0%) of 956 participants receiving placebo (relative risk [RR] 1·10, 95% CI 0·53-2·32; p=0·82). In 236 high-risk pregnancies, the primary outcome occurred in 5 (4·4%) participants in the triple-course clindamycin group and 8 (6·0%) participants in the single-course clindamycin group (RR 0·67, 95% CI 0·23-2·00; p=0·47). In the low-risk trial, adverse events were more common in the clindamycin groups than in the placebo group (58 [3·0%] of 1904 vs 12 [1·3%] of 956; p=0·0035). The most commonly reported adverse event was diarrhoea (30 [1·6%] in the clindamycin groups vs 4 [0·4%] in the placebo group; p=0·0071); abdominal pain was also observed in the clindamycin groups (9 [0·6%] participants) versus none in the placebo group (p=0·034). No severe adverse event was reported in any group. Adverse fetal and neonatal outcomes did not differ significantly between groups in the high-risk subtrial. INTERPRETATION: Systematic screening and subsequent treatment for bacterial vaginosis in women with low-risk pregnancies shows no evidence of risk reduction of late miscarriage or spontaneous very preterm birth. Use of antibiotics to prevent preterm delivery in this patient population should be reconsidered. FUNDING: French Ministry of Health.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: Preterm delivery during pregnancy (<37 weeks' gestation) is a leading cause of perinatal mortality and morbidity. Treating bacterial vaginosis during pregnancy can reduce poor outcomes, such as preterm birth. We aimed to investigate whether treatment of bacterial vaginosis decreases late miscarriages or spontaneous very preterm birth. METHODS: PREMEVA was a double-blind randomised controlled trial done in 40 French centres. Women aged 18 years or older with bacterial vaginosis and low-risk pregnancy were eligible for inclusion and were randomly assigned (2:1) to three parallel groups: single-course or triple-course 300 mg clindamycin twice-daily for 4 days, or placebo. Women with high-risk pregnancy outcomes were eligible for inclusion in a high-risk subtrial and were randomly assigned (1:1) to either single-course or triple-course clindamycin. The primary outcome was a composite of late miscarriage (16-21 weeks) or spontaneous very preterm birth (22-32 weeks), which we assessed in all patients with delivery data (modified intention to treat). Adverse events were systematically reported. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00642980. FINDINGS: Between April 1, 2006, and June 30, 2011, we screened 84 530 pregnant women before 14 weeks' gestation. 5630 had bacterial vaginosis, of whom 3105 were randomly assigned to groups in the low-risk trial (n=943 to receive single-course clindamycin, n=968 to receive triple-course clindamycin, and n=958 to receive placebo) or high-risk subtrial (n=122 to receive single-course clindamycin and n=114 to receive triple-course clindamycin). In 2869 low-risk pregnancies, the primary outcome occurred in 22 (1·2%) of 1904 participants receiving clindamycin and 10 (1·0%) of 956 participants receiving placebo (relative risk [RR] 1·10, 95% CI 0·53-2·32; p=0·82). In 236 high-risk pregnancies, the primary outcome occurred in 5 (4·4%) participants in the triple-course clindamycin group and 8 (6·0%) participants in the single-course clindamycin group (RR 0·67, 95% CI 0·23-2·00; p=0·47). In the low-risk trial, adverse events were more common in the clindamycin groups than in the placebo group (58 [3·0%] of 1904 vs 12 [1·3%] of 956; p=0·0035). The most commonly reported adverse event was diarrhoea (30 [1·6%] in the clindamycin groups vs 4 [0·4%] in the placebo group; p=0·0071); abdominal pain was also observed in the clindamycin groups (9 [0·6%] participants) versus none in the placebo group (p=0·034). No severe adverse event was reported in any group. Adverse fetal and neonatal outcomes did not differ significantly between groups in the high-risk subtrial. INTERPRETATION: Systematic screening and subsequent treatment for bacterial vaginosis in women with low-risk pregnancies shows no evidence of risk reduction of late miscarriage or spontaneous very preterm birth. Use of antibiotics to prevent preterm delivery in this patient population should be reconsidered. FUNDING: French Ministry of Health.
Authors: Rodman Turpin; Natalie Slopen; Joanna-Lynn C Borgogna; Carl J Yeoman; Xin He; Ryan S Miller; Mark A Klebanoff; Jacques Ravel; Rebecca M Brotman Journal: Am J Epidemiol Date: 2021-11-02 Impact factor: 4.897
Authors: Anne Cc Lee; Luke C Mullany; Mohammad Quaiyum; Dipak K Mitra; Alain Labrique; Parul Christian; Parvez Ahmed; Jamal Uddin; Iftekhar Rafiqullah; Sushil DasGupta; Mahmoodur Rahman; Emilia H Koumans; Salahuddin Ahmed; Samir K Saha; Abdullah H Baqui Journal: Lancet Glob Health Date: 2019-01 Impact factor: 38.927
Authors: Brahm Seymour Coler; Oksana Shynlova; Adam Boros-Rausch; Stephen Lye; Stephen McCartney; Kelycia B Leimert; Wendy Xu; Sylvain Chemtob; David Olson; Miranda Li; Emily Huebner; Anna Curtin; Alisa Kachikis; Leah Savitsky; Jonathan W Paul; Roger Smith; Kristina M Adams Waldorf Journal: J Clin Med Date: 2021-06-29 Impact factor: 4.241