Introduction to Environmental Harmful Factors.

In this Chapter, we systematically and comprehensively described various environmental harmful factors. They were classified into four aspects: physical factors, chemical factors, biological factors, and physiological and psychological stress factors. Their classification, modes of presence, toxicity and carcinogenicity, routes of exposure to human and toxic effects on the female reproductive health were introduced. It is expected that the exposure routes could be controlled and eliminated, and the pathogenic mechanism of environmental harmful factors should be investigated and explained to protect female reproductive health.