| Literature DB >> 30305731 |
Marco Springmann1,2, Michael Clark3, Daniel Mason-D'Croz4,5, Keith Wiebe4, Benjamin Leon Bodirsky6, Luis Lassaletta7, Wim de Vries8, Sonja J Vermeulen9,10, Mario Herrero5, Kimberly M Carlson11, Malin Jonell12, Max Troell12,13, Fabrice DeClerck14,15, Line J Gordon12, Rami Zurayk16, Peter Scarborough17, Mike Rayner17, Brent Loken12,14, Jess Fanzo18,19, H Charles J Godfray20,21, David Tilman22,23, Johan Rockström6,12, Walter Willett24.
Abstract
The food system is a major driver of climate change, changes in land use, depletion of freshwater resources, and pollution of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems through excessive nitrogen and phosphorus inputs. Here we show that between 2010 and 2050, as a result of expected changes in population and income levels, the environmental effects of the food system could increase by 50-90% in the absence of technological changes and dedicated mitigation measures, reaching levels that are beyond the planetary boundaries that define a safe operating space for humanity. We analyse several options for reducing the environmental effects of the food system, including dietary changes towards healthier, more plant-based diets, improvements in technologies and management, and reductions in food loss and waste. We find that no single measure is enough to keep these effects within all planetary boundaries simultaneously, and that a synergistic combination of measures will be needed to sufficiently mitigate the projected increase in environmental pressures.Entities:
Mesh：
Substances：
Year: 2018 PMID： 30305731 DOI： 10.1038/s41586-018-0594-0
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Nature ISSN： 0028-0836 Impact factor: 49.962