K Olstad1, K G Shea2, P C Cannamela3, J D Polousky4, S Ekman5, B Ytrehus6, C S Carlson7. 1. Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Equine Section, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway. Electronic address: kristin.olstad@nmbu.no. 2. Department of Orthopedics, St. Luke's Sports Medicine, Boise, ID, USA. Electronic address: kevingshea@gmail.com. 3. Department of Orthopedics, St. Luke's Sports Medicine, Boise, ID, USA. Electronic address: pcannamela@sandiego.edu. 4. Children's Health Specialty Center Plano Campus, Andrews Institute/Children's Health, Plano, TX, USA. Electronic address: johnpolousky@childrens.com. 5. Department of Biomedicine and Veterinary Public Health, Division of Pathology, Swedish University of Life Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden. Electronic address: stina.ekman@slu.se. 6. Terrestrial Department, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Trondheim, Norway. Electronic address: bjornar.ytrehus@nina.no. 7. Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA. Electronic address: carls099@umn.edu.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Juvenile osteochondritis dissecans (JOCD) is similar to osteochondrosis dissecans (OCD) in animals, which is the result of failure of the cartilage canal blood supply, ischemic chondronecrosis and delayed ossification, or osteochondrosis. The aim of the current study was to determine if osteochondrosis lesions occur at predilection sites for JOCD in children. METHOD: Computed tomographic (CT) scans of 23 knees (13 right, 10 left) from 13 children (9 male, 4 female; 1 month to 11 years old) were evaluated for lesions consisting of focal, sharply demarcated, uniformly hypodense defects in the ossification front. Histological validation was performed in 11 lesions from eight femurs. RESULTS: Thirty-two lesions consisting of focal, uniformly hypodense defects in the ossification front were identified in the CT scans of 14 human femurs (7 left, 7 right; male, 7-11 years old). Defects corresponded to areas of ischemic chondronecrosis in sections from all 11 histologically validated lesions. Intra-cartilaginous secondary responses comprising proliferation of adjacent chondrocytes and vessels were detected in six and two lesions, whereas intra-osseous responses including accumulation of chondroclasts and formation of granulation tissue occurred in 10 and six lesions, respectively. One CT cyst-like lesion contained both a pseudocyst and a true cyst in histological sections. CONCLUSION: Changes identical to osteochondrosis in animals were detected at predilection sites for JOCD in children, and confirmed to represent failure of the cartilage canal blood supply and ischemic chondronecrosis in histological sections.
OBJECTIVE:Juvenile osteochondritis dissecans (JOCD) is similar to osteochondrosis dissecans (OCD) in animals, which is the result of failure of the cartilage canal blood supply, ischemic chondronecrosis and delayed ossification, or osteochondrosis. The aim of the current study was to determine if osteochondrosis lesions occur at predilection sites for JOCD in children. METHOD: Computed tomographic (CT) scans of 23 knees (13 right, 10 left) from 13 children (9 male, 4 female; 1 month to 11 years old) were evaluated for lesions consisting of focal, sharply demarcated, uniformly hypodense defects in the ossification front. Histological validation was performed in 11 lesions from eight femurs. RESULTS: Thirty-two lesions consisting of focal, uniformly hypodense defects in the ossification front were identified in the CT scans of 14 human femurs (7 left, 7 right; male, 7-11 years old). Defects corresponded to areas of ischemic chondronecrosis in sections from all 11 histologically validated lesions. Intra-cartilaginous secondary responses comprising proliferation of adjacent chondrocytes and vessels were detected in six and two lesions, whereas intra-osseous responses including accumulation of chondroclasts and formation of granulation tissue occurred in 10 and six lesions, respectively. One CT cyst-like lesion contained both a pseudocyst and a true cyst in histological sections. CONCLUSION: Changes identical to osteochondrosis in animals were detected at predilection sites for JOCD in children, and confirmed to represent failure of the cartilage canal blood supply and ischemic chondronecrosis in histological sections.
Authors: Kenneth M Lin; Naomi E Gadinsky; Craig E Klinger; Laura J Kleeblad; Kevin G Shea; Jonathan P Dyke; David L Helfet; Scott A Rodeo; Daniel W Green; Lionel E Lazaro Journal: J Child Orthop Date: 2022-04-30 Impact factor: 1.917
Authors: Mariola Grez-Capdeville; Nicole Gross; Joni C Baker; Jennifer A Shutter; Amanda R Haas; Mark E Wilson; Thomas D Crenshaw Journal: J Anim Sci Date: 2020-04-01 Impact factor: 3.159
Authors: Andrew Hinkle; Celeste Quitiquit Dickason; Thomas Jinguji; Susan Shenoi; Mahesh Thapa; Michael G Saper; Viviana Bompadre; Gregory A Schmale Journal: Orthop J Sports Med Date: 2021-02-25
Authors: Naomi E Gadinsky; Kenneth M Lin; Craig E Klinger; Jonathan P Dyke; Laura J Kleeblad; Kevin G Shea; David L Helfet; Scott A Rodeo; Daniel W Green; Lionel E Lazaro Journal: J Child Orthop Date: 2021-04-19 Impact factor: 1.548