Mustafa Iftikhar1, Ramandeep Kaur1, April Nefalar1, Bushra Usmani2, Saleema Kherani1, Isra Rashid1, Etienne Schönbach1, Michelle Petri3, Hendrik P N Scholl1,4,5, Syed M Shah1,2. 1. The Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. 2. Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. 3. Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. 4. Department of Ophthalmology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. 5. Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel (IOB), Basel, Switzerland.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To assess the sensitivity and specificity of microperimetry as a screening test to detecting hydroxychloroquine retinopathy. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study. Patients with history of hydroxychloroquine use for more than 5 years and with concomitant microperimetry and multifocal electroretinogram testing were retrospectively reviewed. Microperimetry was considered positive if there were three or more contiguous scotoma points in the parafoveal region. Multifocal electroretinogram was used as gold standard and was considered positive if there was an increased R1/R2 ring ratio (>2.5) or reduced R1 absolute amplitude (<9.0). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of microperimetry were calculated. RESULTS: A total of 197 patients were reviewed. Hydroxychloroquine retinopathy was present in 22 (11%) patients. Their mean (SD) age was 54 (14) years, and 96% were women. Their mean (SD) daily dose was 5.7 (1.3) mg/kg, cumulative dose was 2041 (1,548) g, and duration of use was 15 (10) years. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of microperimetry were 73%, 93%, 53%, and 96%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Microperimetry has inferior sensitivity but good specificity in detecting hydroxychloroquine retinopathy (compared with multifocal electroretinogram). As such, it may be a useful ancillary test to exclude retinopathy, especially in high-risk patients or those with conflicting results on different modalities.
PURPOSE: To assess the sensitivity and specificity of microperimetry as a screening test to detecting hydroxychloroquineretinopathy. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study. Patients with history of hydroxychloroquine use for more than 5 years and with concomitant microperimetry and multifocal electroretinogram testing were retrospectively reviewed. Microperimetry was considered positive if there were three or more contiguous scotoma points in the parafoveal region. Multifocal electroretinogram was used as gold standard and was considered positive if there was an increased R1/R2 ring ratio (>2.5) or reduced R1 absolute amplitude (<9.0). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of microperimetry were calculated. RESULTS: A total of 197 patients were reviewed. Hydroxychloroquineretinopathy was present in 22 (11%) patients. Their mean (SD) age was 54 (14) years, and 96% were women. Their mean (SD) daily dose was 5.7 (1.3) mg/kg, cumulative dose was 2041 (1,548) g, and duration of use was 15 (10) years. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of microperimetry were 73%, 93%, 53%, and 96%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Microperimetry has inferior sensitivity but good specificity in detecting hydroxychloroquineretinopathy (compared with multifocal electroretinogram). As such, it may be a useful ancillary test to exclude retinopathy, especially in high-risk patients or those with conflicting results on different modalities.
Authors: Graciela S Alarcón; Gerald McGwin; Ana M Bertoli; Barri J Fessler; Jaime Calvo-Alén; Holly M Bastian; Luis M Vilá; John D Reveille Journal: Ann Rheum Dis Date: 2007-03-27 Impact factor: 19.103
Authors: V C Lima; T S Prata; C G V De Moraes; J Kim; W Seiple; R B Rosen; J M Liebmann; R Ritch Journal: Br J Ophthalmol Date: 2009-08-18 Impact factor: 4.638
Authors: Husam Alghanem; Tapas R Padhi; Adrienne Chen; Leslie M Niziol; Maria Fernanda Abalem; Natalie Dakki; Timothy Steffens; Chris Andrews; David C Musch; K Thiran Jayasundera; Naheed W Khan Journal: Transl Vis Sci Technol Date: 2019-09-27 Impact factor: 3.283
Authors: A Yasin Alibhai; Nihaal Mehta; Sheila Hickson-Curran; Carlos Moreira-Neto; Emily S Levine; Elias Reichel; Jay S Duker; Nadia K Waheed Journal: Int J Retina Vitreous Date: 2020-04-30