Yuan He1, Ying Wang2, Ting-Ting Chang3, Yanbin Jia4, Junjing Wang5, Shuming Zhong4, Huiyuan Huang1, Yao Sun6, Feng Deng1, Xiaoyan Wu1, Chen Niu1, Li Huang6, Guolin Ma7, Ruiwang Huang8,9. 1. Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China. 2. Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China. johneil@vip.sina.com. 3. Department of Psychology, Research Center for Mind, Brain & Learning, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan. 4. Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China. 5. Department of Applied Psychology, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou, 510006, China. 6. Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China. 7. Department of Radiology, China-Japan Friend Hospital, Yinghua Dongjie 2, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China. maguolin1007@qq.com. 8. Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China. ruiwang.huang@gmail.com. 9. Brain Imaging Center, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Zhongshan Avenue West 55, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510631, China. ruiwang.huang@gmail.com.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The cerebellum plays an important role in depression. Cerebro-cerebellar circuits have been found to show aberrance in bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD). However, whether the cerebro-cerebellar connectivity contributes equally to the pathologic mechanisms of BD and MDD remains unknown. METHODS: We recruited 33 patients with MDD, 32 patients with BD, and 43 healthy controls (HC). We selected six seed regions (three per hemisphere) in the cerebrum, corresponding to the affective, cognitive control, and default mode networks, to establish cerebro-cerebellar functional connectivity maps. RESULTS: Relative to the HC, both the BD and MDD patients exhibited weaker negative connectivity between the right subgenual anterior cingulate cortex and the cerebellar vermis IV_V (pBD = 0.03, pMDD = 0.001) and weaker positive connectivity between the left precuneus and the left cerebellar lobule IX (pBD = 0.043, pMDD = 0.000). Moreover, the MDD patients showed weaker positive connectivity in the left precuneus-left cerebellar lobule IX circuit than the BD patients (p = 0.049). In addition, the BD patients showed weaker positive connectivity in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex-left cerebellar lobule Crus Ι circuit compared to the HC (p = 0.002) or the MDD patients (p = 0.013). Receiver operating characteristic curves analyses showed that the altered cerebro-cerebellar connectivities could be used to distinguish the patients from the HC with relatively high accuracy. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggested that differences in connectivity of cerebro-cerebellar circuits, which are involved in affective or cognitive functioning, significantly contributed to BD and MDD.
OBJECTIVE: The cerebellum plays an important role in depression. Cerebro-cerebellar circuits have been found to show aberrance in bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD). However, whether the cerebro-cerebellar connectivity contributes equally to the pathologic mechanisms of BD and MDD remains unknown. METHODS: We recruited 33 patients with MDD, 32 patients with BD, and 43 healthy controls (HC). We selected six seed regions (three per hemisphere) in the cerebrum, corresponding to the affective, cognitive control, and default mode networks, to establish cerebro-cerebellar functional connectivity maps. RESULTS: Relative to the HC, both the BD and MDDpatients exhibited weaker negative connectivity between the right subgenual anterior cingulate cortex and the cerebellar vermis IV_V (pBD = 0.03, pMDD = 0.001) and weaker positive connectivity between the left precuneus and the left cerebellar lobule IX (pBD = 0.043, pMDD = 0.000). Moreover, the MDDpatients showed weaker positive connectivity in the left precuneus-left cerebellar lobule IX circuit than the BD patients (p = 0.049). In addition, the BD patients showed weaker positive connectivity in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex-left cerebellar lobule Crus Ι circuit compared to the HC (p = 0.002) or the MDDpatients (p = 0.013). Receiver operating characteristic curves analyses showed that the altered cerebro-cerebellar connectivities could be used to distinguish the patients from the HC with relatively high accuracy. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggested that differences in connectivity of cerebro-cerebellar circuits, which are involved in affective or cognitive functioning, significantly contributed to BD and MDD.
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