Pil Moon Kang1, Young Jin Kim2,3, Won Tae Seo1, Su Hwan Kang1, Taek Sang Kim1, Bong Kwon Chun4, Won Ik Seo5, Jee-Yeong Jeong6,7, Jae Il Chung8. 1. Department of Urology, Kosin Gospel Hospital, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea. 2. Department of Biochemistry, Kosin University College of Medicine, 262 Gamcheon-ro, Seo-gu, Busan, 49267, Korea. 3. Cancer Research Institute, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea. 4. Department of Pathology, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea. 5. Department of Urology, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Gaegeum-dong, Busanjin-gu, Busan, 614-735, Korea. 6. Department of Biochemistry, Kosin University College of Medicine, 262 Gamcheon-ro, Seo-gu, Busan, 49267, Korea. jyjeong@kosin.ac.kr. 7. Cancer Research Institute, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea. jyjeong@kosin.ac.kr. 8. Department of Urology, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Gaegeum-dong, Busanjin-gu, Busan, 614-735, Korea. prosdoc@hanmail.net.
Abstract
PURPOSE: The enzyme 5-α reductase type 2 (5-AR 2) plays a key role in the development and maintenance of the prostate gland. We evaluated the level 5-AR 2 protein expression and the relationship between methylation of the 5-AR 2 gene-promoter and 5-AR 2 protein expression of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 37 prostate samples were evaluated. These included 22 samples from men undergoing transurethral prostate resections and 15 non-cancerous transition-zone human prostate tissue samples taken following radical prostatectomy. We quantified 5-AR 2 protein expression and gene-promoter methylation status using common assay procedures. Clinical variables included age, body mass index (BMI), prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, lipid profiles, and prostate volumes. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were performed followed by stepwise logistic regression modeling. RESULTS: We were able to extract DNA from 36 of the 37 tissue samples and 10 of these (28%) did not express the 5-AR 2 protein. In total, 26 patients (72%) had methylated 5-AR 2 promoter-regions. There was a strong correlation between methylation of the 5-AR 2 promoter-regions and low-absent 5-AR 2 protein expression (p = 0.0003). Increasing age significantly predicted methylation status and protein expression level (p = 0.013). CONCLUSIONS: The level of 5-AR 2 protein expression varies among prostate tissue samples. Methylation of the 5-AR 2 gene-promoter may account for low or absent expression of 5-AR 2 in adult human prostate tissues. Increased age correlates with increased 5-AR 2 gene-promoter methylation and decreased protein expression in men with BPH.
PURPOSE: The enzyme 5-α reductase type 2 (5-AR 2) plays a key role in the development and maintenance of the prostate gland. We evaluated the level 5-AR 2 protein expression and the relationship between methylation of the 5-AR 2 gene-promoter and 5-AR 2 protein expression of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 37 prostate samples were evaluated. These included 22 samples from men undergoing transurethral prostate resections and 15 non-cancerous transition-zone human prostate tissue samples taken following radical prostatectomy. We quantified 5-AR 2 protein expression and gene-promoter methylation status using common assay procedures. Clinical variables included age, body mass index (BMI), prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, lipid profiles, and prostate volumes. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were performed followed by stepwise logistic regression modeling. RESULTS: We were able to extract DNA from 36 of the 37 tissue samples and 10 of these (28%) did not express the 5-AR 2 protein. In total, 26 patients (72%) had methylated 5-AR 2 promoter-regions. There was a strong correlation between methylation of the 5-AR 2 promoter-regions and low-absent 5-AR 2 protein expression (p = 0.0003). Increasing age significantly predicted methylation status and protein expression level (p = 0.013). CONCLUSIONS: The level of 5-AR 2 protein expression varies among prostate tissue samples. Methylation of the 5-AR 2 gene-promoter may account for low or absent expression of 5-AR 2 in adult human prostate tissues. Increased age correlates with increased 5-AR 2 gene-promoter methylation and decreased protein expression in men with BPH.
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