| Literature DB >> 30057425 |
Kristin Nicolaus1, Jorge Jimenez-Cruz2, Dominik Michael Bräuer1, Thomas Lehmann3, Anke Regina Mothes1, Ingo B Runnebaum1.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Tubal pregnancy is the most clinically relevant form of ectopic pregnancy. Surgery consisting of laparoscopic salpingotomy is the therapeutic gold standard. This study looked at risk factors for non-tube-preserving surgery. The aim was to determine a cut-off value for beta-hCG levels, which could be used to predict the extent of tubal surgery. MATERIALS ANDEntities:
Keywords: beta-hCG; endometriosis; salpingectomy; salpingotomy; tubal pregnancy
Year: 2018 PMID: 30057425 PMCID: PMC6059851 DOI: 10.1055/a-0635-8453
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd ISSN: 0016-5751 Impact factor: 2.915
Fig. 1ROC curve for the probability prediction of an intraoperative decision for salpingectomy based on serum beta-hCG levels. Sensitivity = true positive rate, specificity = false positive rate.
Table 1 Clinical parameters of patients who underwent salpingotomy or salpingectomy for tubal pregnancy. Results are shown as mean ± standard deviation or as percentages.
| Salpingotomy (n = 68) | Salpingectomy (n = 29) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), mean ± SD | 29.9 ± 4.87 | 32.9 ± 5.44 |
|
| Gestational age (GW), mean ± SD | 6.2 ± 1.30 | 6.3 ± 1.79 | 0.99 |
| Viability | 3 (4.41%) | 1 (3.44%) | 1 |
| Rupture | 10 (14.70%) | 4 (11.60%) | 1 |
| Symptoms | 0.11 | ||
none | 3 (4.41%) | 3 (10.34%) | |
lower abdominal pain | 22 (32.35%) | 15 (51.72%) | |
vaginal bleeding | 12 (17.65%) | 2 (6.89%) | |
lower abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding | 31 (45.59%) | 9 (31.03%) | |
| Beta-hCG level (IU/l), mean | 3277.8 | 9338.3 |
|
Table 2 Risk factors based on previous medical conditions of patients who had salpingotomy or salpingectomy for tubal pregnancy. Results are shown as percentages and in absolute numbers.
| Salpingotomy (n = 68) | Salpingectomy (n = 29) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Known to have endometriosis | 6 (8.82%) | 7 (24.14%) |
|
| s/p miscarriage | 16 (23.53%) | 4 (13.79%) | 0.21 |
| s/p EP | 4 (5.88%) | 5 (17.24%) | 0.12 |
| s/p chlamydia infection | 4 (5.88%) | 2 (6.89%) | 1 |
| s/p IVF treatment | 5 (7.35%) | 3 (10.34%) | 0.69 |
| IUD | 1 (1.47%) | 2 (6.89%) | 0.21 |
Table 3 Univariate analysis of parameters, including the regression coefficient, standard error, p-value, odds ratio and the upper and lower confidence intervals, with salpingectomy as the dependent variable.
| Regression coefficient B | Standard error | p-value | Odds ratio | Lower CI | Upper CI | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Known to have endometriosis | 1.19 | 0.609 |
| 3.28 | 0.996 | 10.851 |
| Beta-hCG > 775 vs. < 775 beta-hCG > 1546 (IU/l) | 1.656 | 0.591 |
| 5.236 | 1.644 | 16.676 |
| Viability | − 0.256 | 1.177 | 0.827 | 0.774 | 0.077 | 7.766 |
| Rupture | − 0.075 | 0.638 | 0.90 | 0.92 | 0.266 | 3.242 |
| s/p IVF treatment | 0.374 | 0.767 | 0.625 | 1.454 | 0.324 | 6.532 |
| IUD in place | 1.602 | 1.246 | 0.198 | 4.963 | 0.432 | 57.036 |
| s/p tubal pregnancy | 1.204 | 0.712 | 0.091 | 3.33 | 0.825 | 13.463 |
| s/p miscarriage | − 0.654 | 0.61 | 0.283 | 0.52 | 0.157 | 1.718 |
| s/p chlamydia infection | 0.154 | 0.896 | 0.863 | 1.167 | 0.201 | 6.756 |
Table 4 Comparison of intraoperative and postoperative complications in absolute and relative numbers for both procedures, salpingotomy and salpingectomy.
| Salpingotomy (n = 68) | Salpingectomy (n = 29) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Conversion to laparotomy | 0 (0%) | 1 (3.44%) | 0.29 |
| Postoperative complications |
| ||
| Bleeding requiring transfusion | 5 (7.35%) | 1 (3.44%) | |
| Ectopic pregnancy tissue residue (MTX administration) | 3 (4.41%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Surgical re-intervention for postoperative bleeding | 3 (4.41%) | 1 (3.44%) |
Abb. 1ROC-Kurve für die Vorhersagewahrscheinlichkeit einer intraoperativ notwendigen Salpingektomie in Abhängigkeit des Beta-hCG-Serumlevels. Sensitivität = Richtig-positiv-Rate, Spezifität = Falsch-positiv-Rate.
Tab. 1 Klinische Parameter von Patientinnen nach Salpingotomie und -ektomie bei Tubargravidität. Ergebnisse werden als Mittelwert ±Standardabweichung und Prozentangaben dargestellt.
| Salpingotomie (n = 68) | Salpingektomie (n = 29) | p-Wert | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alter (Jahre), MW ± SD | 29,9 ± 4,87 | 32,9 ± 5,44 |
|
| Gestationsalter (SSW) MW ± SD | 6,2 ± 1,30 | 6,3 ± 1,79 | 0,99 |
| Vitalität | 3 (4,41%) | 1 (3,44%) | 1 |
| Ruptur | 10 (14,70%) | 4 (11,60%) | 1 |
| Symptome | 0,11 | ||
keine | 3 (4,41%) | 3 (10,34%) | |
Unterbauchschmerzen | 22 (32,35%) | 15 (51,72%) | |
vaginale Blutungen | 12 (17,65%) | 2 (6,89%) | |
Unterbauchschmerzen mit vaginalen Blutungen | 31 (45,59%) | 9 (31,03%) | |
| Beta-hCG (IU/l), MW | 3277,8 | 9338,3 |
|
Tab. 2 Auflistung der anamnestischen Risikofaktoren von Patientinnen nach Salpingotomie und -ektomie bei Tubargravidität. Ergebnisse werden als Prozentangaben und Absolutzahl dargestellt.
| Salpingotomie (n = 68) | Salpingektomie (n = 29) | p-Wert | |
|---|---|---|---|
| bekannte Endometriose | 6 (8,82%) | 7 (24,14%) |
|
| Z. n. Abort | 16 (23,53%) | 4 (13,79%) | 0,21 |
| Z. n. EUG | 4 (5,88%) | 5 (17,24%) | 0,12 |
| Z. n. Chlamydieninfektion | 4 (5,88%) | 2 (6,89%) | 1 |
| Z. n. IVF-Behandlung | 5 (7,35%) | 3 (10,34%) | 0,69 |
| IUD | 1 (1,47%) | 2 (6,89%) | 0,21 |
Tab. 3 Auflistung der Parameter der univariaten Analyse mit Salpingektomie als abhängige Variable mit Angabe des Regressionskoeffizienten B, des Standardfehlers, des p-Wertes, der Odds Ratio sowie des unteren und oberen Konfidenzintervalls.
| Regressionskoeffizient B | Standardfehler | p-Wert | Odds Ratio | unterer KI | oberer KI | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| bekannte Endometriose | 1,19 | 0,609 |
| 3,28 | 0,996 | 10,851 |
| Beta-hCG > 775 vs. < 775 Beta-hCG > 1546 (IU/l) | 1,656 | 0,591 |
| 5,236 | 1,644 | 16,676 |
| Vitalität | − 0,256 | 1,177 | 0,827 | 0,774 | 0,077 | 7,766 |
| Ruptur | − 0,075 | 0,638 | 0,90 | 0,92 | 0,266 | 3,242 |
| Z. n. IVF-Behandlung | 0,374 | 0,767 | 0,625 | 1,454 | 0,324 | 6,532 |
| IUD-Anwendung | 1,602 | 1,246 | 0,198 | 4,963 | 0,432 | 57,036 |
| Z. n. Tubargravidität | 1,204 | 0,712 | 0,091 | 3,33 | 0,825 | 13,463 |
| Z. n. Abortgeschehen | − 0,654 | 0,61 | 0,283 | 0,52 | 0,157 | 1,718 |
| Z. n. Chlamydieninfektion | 0,154 | 0,896 | 0,863 | 1,167 | 0,201 | 6,756 |
Tab. 4 Gegenüberstellung von Komplikationen in Absolut- und Relativzahl intra- und postoperativ der beiden Operationsverfahren Salpingotomie und -ektomie.
| Salpingotomie (n = 68) | Salpingektomie (n = 29) | p-Wert | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Konversion zur Laparotomie | 0 (0%) | 1 (3,44%) | 0,29 |
| postoperative Komplikationen |
| ||
| transfusionspflichtige Blutungen | 5 (7,35%) | 1 (3,44%) | |
| Residuen (MTX-Gabe) | 3 (4,41%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Revisions-OP bei Nachblutungen | 3 (4,41%) | 1 (3,44%) |