| Literature DB >> 29910081 |
Anna Sahakyan1, Yihao Yang1, Kathrin Plath2.
Abstract
In each somatic cell of a female mammal one X chromosome is transcriptionally silenced via X-chromosome inactivation (XCI), initiating early in development. Although XCI events are conserved in mouse and human postimplantation development, regulation of X-chromosome dosage in preimplantation development occurs differently. In preimplantation development, mouse embryos undergo imprinted form of XCI, yet humans lack imprinted XCI and instead regulate gene expression of both X chromosomes by dampening transcription. The long non-coding RNA Xist/XIST is expressed in mouse and human preimplantation and postimplantation development to orchestrate XCI, but its role in dampening is unclear. In this review, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of the role of Xist in X chromosome dosage compensation in mouse and human.Entities:
Keywords: X inactivation; Xist; dosage compensation; embryonic stem cells; lncRNAs
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Year: 2018 PMID: 29910081 PMCID: PMC6249047 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2018.05.005
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Trends Cell Biol ISSN: 0962-8924 Impact factor: 20.808