Reduction of emergency department visits using an urgent clinic for children with established epilepsy.

BACKGROUND: Emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations account for a large portion of the cost of care in people with established epilepsy. In an attempt to decrease seizure-related ED visits, we created an urgent epilepsy clinic (UEC) for children with epilepsy. Our aim was to decrease ED visits for patients seen in the clinic by 30% and decrease unplanned hospitalizations by 10% 3 months following an appointment.
METHODS: Children at risk for an ED visit or unplanned hospitalization were referred and seen by a nurse practitioner and social worker. Factors influencing the need for the appointment and actions taken were recorded. Cost savings were also calculated.
RESULTS: A total of 317 patients were seen in the UEC clinic from October 2013 to July 2015. Ninety-three percent of scheduled patients completed their appointment, compared to 84% in other neurology clinics. Eighty-three percent of patients were seen in the clinic within 5 days of the referral. Children were significantly less likely to come to the ED in the 3 months after an appointment compared to the 3 months before.
CONCLUSIONS: An urgent clinic for children with established epilepsy was associated with a reduction in ED visits for seizures and improved adherence to outpatient clinic appointments for seizures. Further research is needed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of UECs, and to compare health services and clinical outcomes to those of children without access to such services.