| Literature DB >> 29760050 |
Kenneth R Beyerlein1, H Olof Jönsson2, Roberto Alonso-Mori3, Andrew Aquila3, Saša Bajt4, Anton Barty1, Richard Bean1, Jason E Koglin3, Marc Messerschmidt3, Davide Ragazzon2, Dimosthenis Sokaras3, Garth J Williams3, Stefan Hau-Riege5, Sébastien Boutet3, Henry N Chapman1,6,7, Nicuşor Tîmneanu8,9, Carl Caleman10,2.
Abstract
The bright ultrafast pulses of X-ray Free-Electron Lasers allow investigation into the structure of matter under extreme conditions. We have used single pulses to ionize and probe water as it undergoes a phase transition from liquid to plasma. We report changes in the structure of liquid water on a femtosecond time scale when irradiated by single 6.86 keV X-ray pulses of more than 106 J/cm2 These observations are supported by simulations based on molecular dynamics and plasma dynamics of a water system that is rapidly ionized and driven out of equilibrium. This exotic ionic and disordered state with the density of a liquid is suggested to be structurally different from a neutral thermally disordered state.Entities:
Keywords: Serial Femtosecond Crystallography; X-ray Free-Electron Laser; molecular dynamics; non-local thermodynamics equilibrium; ultrafast phase transition
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Year: 2018 PMID： 29760050 PMCID： PMC5984484 DOI： 10.1073/pnas.1711220115
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A ISSN： 0027-8424 Impact factor: 11.205