Pablo Hernández-Alonso1,2, Simona Giardina1,2, Daniel Cañueto3,4, Jordi Salas-Salvadó1,2, Nicolau Cañellas3,4, Mònica Bulló1,2. 1. Human Nutrition Unit, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain, 43201. 2. CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain. 3. Metabolomics Platform, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avinguda Països Catalans, 26, 43007, Tarragona, Spain. 4. CIBERDEM, Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders, Madrid, 28029, Spain.
Abstract
SCOPE: To examine whether a low-glycemic index (LGI) diet improves a set of plasma metabolites related to different metabolic diseases, and comparison to a high-glycemic index (HGI) diet and a low-fat (LF) diet. METHODS AND RESULTS: A parallel, randomized trial with three intervention diets: an LGI diet, an HGI diet, and an LF diet. A total of 122 adult overweight and obese subjects were enrolled in the study for 6 months. Blood samples were collected at baseline and at the end of the intervention. The plasma metabolomic profile of 102 subjects was analyzed using three different approaches: GC/quadrupole-TOF, LC/quadrupole-TOF, and nuclear magnetic resonance. Both univariate and multivariate analysis were performed. Serine levels were significantly higher following the LGI diet compared to both the HGI and LF diets (q = 0.002), whereas leucine (q = 0.015) and valine (q = 0.024) were lower in the LGI diet compared to the LF diet. A set of two sphingomyelins, two lysophosphatidylcholines, and six phosphatidylcholines were significantly modulated after the LGI diet compared to the HGI and LF diets (q < 0.05). Significant correlations between changes in plasma amino acids and lipid species with changes in body weight, glucose, insulin, and some inflammatory markers are also reported. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that an LGI diet modulates certain circulating amino acids and lipid levels. These findings may explain the health benefits attributed to LGI diets in metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes.
RCT Entities:
SCOPE: To examine whether a low-glycemic index (LGI) diet improves a set of plasma metabolites related to different metabolic diseases, and comparison to a high-glycemic index (HGI) diet and a low-fat (LF) diet. METHODS AND RESULTS: A parallel, randomized trial with three intervention diets: an LGI diet, an HGI diet, and an LF diet. A total of 122 adult overweight and obese subjects were enrolled in the study for 6 months. Blood samples were collected at baseline and at the end of the intervention. The plasma metabolomic profile of 102 subjects was analyzed using three different approaches: GC/quadrupole-TOF, LC/quadrupole-TOF, and nuclear magnetic resonance. Both univariate and multivariate analysis were performed. Serine levels were significantly higher following the LGI diet compared to both the HGI and LF diets (q = 0.002), whereas leucine (q = 0.015) and valine (q = 0.024) were lower in the LGI diet compared to the LF diet. A set of two sphingomyelins, two lysophosphatidylcholines, and six phosphatidylcholines were significantly modulated after the LGI diet compared to the HGI and LF diets (q < 0.05). Significant correlations between changes in plasma amino acids and lipid species with changes in body weight, glucose, insulin, and some inflammatory markers are also reported. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that an LGI diet modulates certain circulating amino acids and lipid levels. These findings may explain the health benefits attributed to LGI diets in metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes.
Authors: Mònica Bulló; Christopher Papandreou; Miguel Ruiz-Canela; Marta Guasch-Ferré; Jun Li; Pablo Hernández-Alonso; Estefania Toledo; Liming Liang; Cristina Razquin; Dolores Corella; Ramon Estruch; Emilio Ros; Montserrat Fitó; Fernando Arós; Miquel Fiol; Lluís Serra-Majem; Clary B Clish; Nerea Becerra-Tomás; Miguel A Martínez-González; Frank B Hu; Jordi Salas-Salvadó Journal: J Nutr Date: 2021-01-04 Impact factor: 4.798
Authors: Pablo Hernández-Alonso; Jesús García-Gavilán; Lucía Camacho-Barcia; Anders Sjödin; Thea T Hansen; Jo Harrold; Jordi Salas-Salvadó; Jason C G Halford; Silvia Canudas; Mònica Bulló Journal: Sci Rep Date: 2019-09-25 Impact factor: 4.379
Authors: Sandi L Navarro; Aliasghar Tarkhan; Ali Shojaie; Timothy W Randolph; Haiwei Gu; Danijel Djukovic; Katie J Osterbauer; Meredith A Hullar; Mario Kratz; Marian L Neuhouser; Paul D Lampe; Daniel Raftery; Johanna W Lampe Journal: Am J Clin Nutr Date: 2019-10-01 Impact factor: 7.045
Authors: Christopher Papandreou; Jesús García-Gavilán; Lucía Camacho-Barcia; Thea T Hansen; Anders Sjödin; Joanne A Harrold; Jason C G Halford; Mònica Bulló Journal: Metabolites Date: 2021-05-13
Authors: Brenan Durainayagam; Cameron J Mitchell; Amber M Milan; Nina Zeng; Pankaja Sharma; Sarah M Mitchell; Farha Ramzan; Scott O Knowles; Anders Sjödin; Karl-Heinz Wagner; Nicole C Roy; Karl Fraser; David Cameron-Smith Journal: Front Nutr Date: 2019-12-06