Space-Confined Strategy toward Large-Area Two-Dimensional Single Crystals of Molecular Materials.

Two-dimensional molecular crystals (2DMCs) are a promising candidate for flexible and large-area electronics. Their large-area production requires both low nuclei density and 2D crystal growth mode. As an emerging type of material, their large-area production remains a case-by-case practice. Here we present a general, efficient strategy for large-area 2DMCs. The method grows crystals on water surface to minimize the density of nuclei. By controlling the interfacial tension of the water/solution system with a phase transfer surfactant, the spreading area of the solvent increases tens of times, leading to the space-confined 2D growth of molecular crystals. As-grown sub-centimeter-sized 2DMCs floating on the water surface can be easily transferred to arbitrary substrates for device applications.