Edward D Huey1, Stephanie Cosentino2, Silvia Chapman3, Martina Azar3, Brittany Rohl4, Kathleen Collins4, Sarah Morgan4, Xinhua Liu5, Elan D Louis6. 1. Department of Psychiatry, Division of Geriatric Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; G.H. Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address: edh2126@cumc.columbia.edu. 2. Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; G.H. Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. 3. Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. 4. Division of Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA. 5. Department of Biostatistics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. 6. Division of Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Center for Neuroepidemiology and Clinical Neurological Research, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Depressive symptoms are associated with essential tremor (ET). However, the relationship between cognitive, functional, and motor measures with depressive symptoms in ET is not yet understood. METHODS: The following measures were cross-sectionally assessed in a group of 223 subjects with ET: the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) Scale, the Lawton Independent Activities of Daily Living (IADL) Scale, a neurologist assessment of tremor severity, and the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). RESULTS: 20% (44) of the subjects met GDS criteria for depression (GDS ≥ 10). 43% (94) of the subjects showed at least some cognitive impairment (≤24 on the MoCA), and 15.3% (34) reported significant functional impairment (IADL score < 7). There was no significant association between GDS score and tremor scale score. The total GDS was negatively associated with the total MoCA score (Spearman's r = -0.15, p = 0.03). The total GDS was also negatively associated with the IADL score (Spearman's r = -0.19, p = 0.02), (logistic model odds ratio, OR = 4.91, p < 0.01). Over 60% of subjects who were depressed, per GDS cut-off score (≥10), were not receiving medical treatment for depression. CONCLUSIONS: There was a high point prevalence of depressive symptoms in subjects with ET. Self-report depressive symptoms are dissociated from tremor severity. Hence, these data do not support the hypothesis that depression in ET represents a psychological reaction to the tremor. There appears to be a clustering of cognitive, functional, and depressive symptoms in ET. Screening of depression in ET can improve our understanding and treatment of this disorder.
BACKGROUND:Depressive symptoms are associated with essential tremor (ET). However, the relationship between cognitive, functional, and motor measures with depressive symptoms in ET is not yet understood. METHODS: The following measures were cross-sectionally assessed in a group of 223 subjects with ET: the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) Scale, the Lawton Independent Activities of Daily Living (IADL) Scale, a neurologist assessment of tremor severity, and the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). RESULTS: 20% (44) of the subjects met GDS criteria for depression (GDS ≥ 10). 43% (94) of the subjects showed at least some cognitive impairment (≤24 on the MoCA), and 15.3% (34) reported significant functional impairment (IADL score < 7). There was no significant association between GDS score and tremor scale score. The total GDS was negatively associated with the total MoCA score (Spearman's r = -0.15, p = 0.03). The total GDS was also negatively associated with the IADL score (Spearman's r = -0.19, p = 0.02), (logistic model odds ratio, OR = 4.91, p < 0.01). Over 60% of subjects who were depressed, per GDS cut-off score (≥10), were not receiving medical treatment for depression. CONCLUSIONS: There was a high point prevalence of depressive symptoms in subjects with ET. Self-report depressive symptoms are dissociated from tremor severity. Hence, these data do not support the hypothesis that depression in ET represents a psychological reaction to the tremor. There appears to be a clustering of cognitive, functional, and depressive symptoms in ET. Screening of depression in ET can improve our understanding and treatment of this disorder.
Authors: George S Alexopoulos; Patrick J Raue; Dimitris N Kiosses; R Scott Mackin; Dora Kanellopoulos; Charles McCulloch; Patricia A Areán Journal: Arch Gen Psychiatry Date: 2011-01
Authors: Constantine G Lyketsos; Lourdes DelCampo; Martin Steinberg; Quincy Miles; Cynthia D Steele; Cynthia Munro; Alva S Baker; Jeannie-Marie E Sheppard; Constantine Frangakis; Jason Brandt; Peter V Rabins Journal: Arch Gen Psychiatry Date: 2003-07
Authors: Ali S Shalash; Hadeer Mohamed; Alia H Mansour; Ahmed Elkady; Hanan Elrassas; Eman Hamid; Mahmoud H Elbalkimy Journal: Tremor Other Hyperkinet Mov (N Y) Date: 2019-12-06