Jean R Goodman1, Jennifer D Peck2, Alessandra Landmann2, Marvin Williams2, Andrew Elimian3. 1. a Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology , Loyola University Medical Center , Maywood , IL , USA. 2. b University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center , Oklahoma City , OK , USA. 3. c New York Medical College , Westchester , NY , USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to evaluate poor maternal nutrition, environmental exposures and vasoactive stimulants as potential risk factors for gastroschisis. METHODS: A case-control study was conducted among singleton pregnancies diagnosed in a tertiary teaching hospital in a 22-month period. Cases of gastroschisis were matched to controls at the time of diagnosis by race and maternal age. Demographics, periconceptual exposures, nutritional biomarkers, and illicit drug hair analysis were evaluated. Analyses were performed using conditional logistic regression. RESULTS: Thirty gastroschisis cases and 76 controls were studied with no associations observed for illicit drug use or serum levels of ferritin, iron, B6, B12, folate, or zinc. Neither prescription medication nor over the counter mediation use differed between cases and controls. Following adjustment for insurance, education, low BMI, and nulliparity, mothers of gastroschisis cases had an increased odds of alcohol use 1 month prior and/or during early pregnancy compared with controls, with adjusted odds ratio (OR) 3.19 (95% CI 1.01-11.61). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that further investigation of vasoactive stimulants such as alcohol is warranted in the search to identify risk factors for gastroschisis.
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to evaluate poor maternal nutrition, environmental exposures and vasoactive stimulants as potential risk factors for gastroschisis. METHODS: A case-control study was conducted among singleton pregnancies diagnosed in a tertiary teaching hospital in a 22-month period. Cases of gastroschisis were matched to controls at the time of diagnosis by race and maternal age. Demographics, periconceptual exposures, nutritional biomarkers, and illicit drug hair analysis were evaluated. Analyses were performed using conditional logistic regression. RESULTS: Thirty gastroschisis cases and 76 controls were studied with no associations observed for illicit drug use or serum levels of ferritin, iron, B6, B12, folate, or zinc. Neither prescription medication nor over the counter mediation use differed between cases and controls. Following adjustment for insurance, education, low BMI, and nulliparity, mothers of gastroschisis cases had an increased odds of alcohol use 1 month prior and/or during early pregnancy compared with controls, with adjusted odds ratio (OR) 3.19 (95% CI 1.01-11.61). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that further investigation of vasoactive stimulants such as alcohol is warranted in the search to identify risk factors for gastroschisis.
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Authors: Pierpaolo Mastroiacovo; Alessandra Lisi; Eduardo E Castilla; María-Luisa Martínez-Frías; Eva Bermejo; Lisa Marengo; Jim Kucik; Csaba Siffel; Jane Halliday; Miriam Gatt; Göran Annerèn; Fabrizio Bianchi; M Aurora Canessa; Ron Danderfer; Hermien de Walle; John Harris; Zhu Li; R Brian Lowry; Robert McDonell; Paul Merlob; Julia Metneki; Osvaldo Mutchinick; Elisabeth Robert-Gnansia; Gioacchino Scarano; Antonin Sipek; Simone Pötzsch; Elena Szabova; Lyubov Yevtushok Journal: Am J Med Genet A Date: 2007-04-01 Impact factor: 2.802