Mariëlle P K J Engelen1, Nicolaas E P Deutz. 1. Department of Health and Kinesiology, Center for Translational Research in Aging & Longevity, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: β-Hydroxy β-methylbutyrate (HMB) has been used for many years in athletes for muscle buildup and strength, and endurance enhancement. In recent years, its interest quickly expanded in older (diseased) populations and during (exercise) rehabilitation and recovery from hospitalization and surgery. We will discuss recent literature about HMB metabolism, its pharmacokinetics compared with the frequently used metabolite leucine, effectiveness of HMB to improve outcome in older diseased adults, and novel approaches for HMB use. RECENT FINDINGS: HMB supplementation resulted in positive outcomes on muscle mass and functionality, related to its anabolic and anticatabolic properties and prolonged half-life time in blood. Furthermore, it was able to increase the benefits of (exercise) rehabilitation programs to enhance recovery from illness or medical procedures. There is promising evidence that HMB might support bone density, improve cognitive function, and reduce abdominal obesity, which is of importance particularly in the older (diseased) population. SUMMARY: The older diseased population might benefit from dietary HMB because of its established positive properties as well as its long lasting (pharmacological) effect. In addition to evaluating its efficacy and application in various clinical conditions, more research is needed into the mechanisms of action, the optimal dosage, and its potential additional beneficial effects on outcome.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: β-Hydroxy β-methylbutyrate (HMB) has been used for many years in athletes for muscle buildup and strength, and endurance enhancement. In recent years, its interest quickly expanded in older (diseased) populations and during (exercise) rehabilitation and recovery from hospitalization and surgery. We will discuss recent literature about HMB metabolism, its pharmacokinetics compared with the frequently used metabolite leucine, effectiveness of HMB to improve outcome in older diseased adults, and novel approaches for HMB use. RECENT FINDINGS:HMB supplementation resulted in positive outcomes on muscle mass and functionality, related to its anabolic and anticatabolic properties and prolonged half-life time in blood. Furthermore, it was able to increase the benefits of (exercise) rehabilitation programs to enhance recovery from illness or medical procedures. There is promising evidence that HMB might support bone density, improve cognitive function, and reduce abdominal obesity, which is of importance particularly in the older (diseased) population. SUMMARY: The older diseased population might benefit from dietary HMB because of its established positive properties as well as its long lasting (pharmacological) effect. In addition to evaluating its efficacy and application in various clinical conditions, more research is needed into the mechanisms of action, the optimal dosage, and its potential additional beneficial effects on outcome.
Authors: Shawn Portal; Zvi Zadik; Jonathan Rabinowitz; Ruty Pilz-Burstein; Dana Adler-Portal; Yoav Meckel; Dan M Cooper; Alon Eliakim; Dan Nemet Journal: Eur J Appl Physiol Date: 2011-02-16 Impact factor: 3.078
Authors: Dillon K Walker; John J Thaden; Agata Wierzchowska-McNew; Marielle P K J Engelen; Nicolaas E P Deutz Journal: J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci Date: 2016-11-09 Impact factor: 3.205
Authors: Kirk L English; Joni A Mettler; Jennifer B Ellison; Madonna M Mamerow; Emily Arentson-Lantz; James M Pattarini; Robert Ploutz-Snyder; Melinda Sheffield-Moore; Douglas Paddon-Jones Journal: Am J Clin Nutr Date: 2015-12-30 Impact factor: 7.045
Authors: Emily R Hankosky; Luke K Sherrill; Lauren A Ruvola; Rachel M Haake; Taehyeon Kim; Lindsey R Hammerslag; Daniel G Kougias; Janice M Juraska; Joshua M Gulley Journal: Nutr Neurosci Date: 2016-02-19 Impact factor: 4.994
Authors: Nicolaas E P Deutz; John J Thaden; Gabriella A M Ten Have; Dillon K Walker; Mariëlle P K J Engelen Journal: Metabolism Date: 2017-10-03 Impact factor: 8.694
Authors: Jacob M Wilson; Samuel C Grant; Sang-Rok Lee; Ihssan S Masad; Young-Min Park; Paul C Henning; Jeffery R Stout; Jeremy P Loenneke; Bahram H Arjmandi; Lynn B Panton; Jeong-Su Kim Journal: J Int Soc Sports Nutr Date: 2012-04-18 Impact factor: 5.150
Authors: Jeremy R Townsend; Jay R Hoffman; Adam M Gonzalez; Adam R Jajtner; Carleigh H Boone; Edward H Robinson; Gerald T Mangine; Adam J Wells; Maren S Fragala; David H Fukuda; Jeffrey R Stout Journal: Int J Endocrinol Date: 2015-02-22 Impact factor: 3.257
Authors: Julian Vallejo; Madoka Spence; An-Lin Cheng; Leticia Brotto; Neile K Edens; Sean M Garvey; Marco Brotto Journal: PLoS One Date: 2016-03-08 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Mariëlle P K J Engelen; Renate Jonker; John J Thaden; Gabriella A M Ten Have; Moon Sun Jeon; Srinivasan Dasarathy; Nicolaas E P Deutz Journal: Clin Nutr Date: 2020-01-29 Impact factor: 7.324
Authors: Carla M Prado; Camila E Orsso; Suzette L Pereira; Philip J Atherton; Nicolaas E P Deutz Journal: J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle Date: 2022-03-17 Impact factor: 12.063