Nicolaas E P Deutz1, John J Thaden2, Gabriella A M Ten Have2, Dillon K Walker2, Mariëlle P K J Engelen2. 1. Center for Translational Research in Aging & Longevity, Dept. Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA. Electronic address: nep.deutz@ctral.org. 2. Center for Translational Research in Aging & Longevity, Dept. Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The aging process is often associated with the presence of sarcopenia. Although changes in the plasma concentration of several amino acids have been observed in older adults, it remains unclear whether these changes are related to disturbances in whole body production and/or interconversions. METHODS: We studied 10 healthy young (~22.7y) and 17 older adults (~64.8y) by administering a mixture of stable amino acid tracers in a pulse and in a primed constant infusion. We calculated whole body production (WBP) and metabolite to metabolite interconversions. In addition, we measured body composition, muscle function, and provided questionnaires to assess daily dietary intake, physical activity, mood (anxiety, depression) and markers of cognitive function. Plasma enrichments and metabolite concentrations were measured by GC- and LC-MS/MS and statistics were performed by student t-test. RESULTS: Older adults had a 11% higher body mass index (p=0.04) and 27% reduced peak leg extension force (p=0.02) than the younger group, but comparable values for muscle mass, mood and cognitive function. Although small differences in several plasma amino acid concentrations were observed, we found older adults had about 40% higher values of WBP for glutamine (221±27 vs. 305±21μmol/kgffm/h, p=0.03) and tau-methylhistidine (0.15±0.01 vs. 0.21±0.02μmol/kgffm/h, p=0.04), 26% lower WBP value for arginine (59±4 vs. 44±4μmol/kgffm/h, p=0.02) and a reduction in WBP (50%; 1.23±0.15 vs. 0.69±0.06μmol/kgffm/h, p=0.001) and concentration (25%; 3.5±0.3μmol/l vs. 2.6±0.2μmol/l, p=0.01) for β-Hydroxy β-Methylbutyrate. No differences were observed in protein catabolism. Clearance of arginine was decreased (27%, p=0.03) and clearance of glutamine (58%, p=0.01), leucine (67%, p=0.001) and KIC (76%, p=0.004) were increased in older adults. CONCLUSIONS: Specific differences exist between young and older adults in amino acid metabolism.
BACKGROUND: The aging process is often associated with the presence of sarcopenia. Although changes in the plasma concentration of several amino acids have been observed in older adults, it remains unclear whether these changes are related to disturbances in whole body production and/or interconversions. METHODS: We studied 10 healthy young (~22.7y) and 17 older adults (~64.8y) by administering a mixture of stable amino acid tracers in a pulse and in a primed constant infusion. We calculated whole body production (WBP) and metabolite to metabolite interconversions. In addition, we measured body composition, muscle function, and provided questionnaires to assess daily dietary intake, physical activity, mood (anxiety, depression) and markers of cognitive function. Plasma enrichments and metabolite concentrations were measured by GC- and LC-MS/MS and statistics were performed by student t-test. RESULTS: Older adults had a 11% higher body mass index (p=0.04) and 27% reduced peak leg extension force (p=0.02) than the younger group, but comparable values for muscle mass, mood and cognitive function. Although small differences in several plasma amino acid concentrations were observed, we found older adults had about 40% higher values of WBP for glutamine (221±27 vs. 305±21μmol/kgffm/h, p=0.03) and tau-methylhistidine (0.15±0.01 vs. 0.21±0.02μmol/kgffm/h, p=0.04), 26% lower WBP value for arginine (59±4 vs. 44±4μmol/kgffm/h, p=0.02) and a reduction in WBP (50%; 1.23±0.15 vs. 0.69±0.06μmol/kgffm/h, p=0.001) and concentration (25%; 3.5±0.3μmol/l vs. 2.6±0.2μmol/l, p=0.01) for β-Hydroxy β-Methylbutyrate. No differences were observed in protein catabolism. Clearance of arginine was decreased (27%, p=0.03) and clearance of glutamine (58%, p=0.01), leucine (67%, p=0.001) and KIC (76%, p=0.004) were increased in older adults. CONCLUSIONS: Specific differences exist between young and older adults in amino acid metabolism.
Authors: John E Morley; Angela Marie Abbatecola; Josep M Argiles; Vickie Baracos; Juergen Bauer; Shalender Bhasin; Tommy Cederholm; Andrew J Stewart Coats; Steven R Cummings; William J Evans; Kenneth Fearon; Luigi Ferrucci; Roger A Fielding; Jack M Guralnik; Tamara B Harris; Akio Inui; Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh; Bridget-Anne Kirwan; Giovanni Mantovani; Maurizio Muscaritoli; Anne B Newman; Filippo Rossi-Fanelli; Giuseppe M C Rosano; Ronenn Roubenoff; Morris Schambelan; Gerald H Sokol; Thomas W Storer; Bruno Vellas; Stephan von Haehling; Shing-Shing Yeh; Stefan D Anker Journal: J Am Med Dir Assoc Date: 2011-07 Impact factor: 4.669
Authors: Dillon K Walker; John J Thaden; Agata Wierzchowska-McNew; Marielle P K J Engelen; Nicolaas E P Deutz Journal: J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci Date: 2016-11-09 Impact factor: 3.205
Authors: Erica P A Rutten; Marielle P K J Engelen; Carmen L N Castro; Emiel F M Wouters; Annemie M W J Schols; Nicolaas E P Deutz Journal: J Nutr Date: 2005-09 Impact factor: 4.798
Authors: M P K J Engelen; C L N De Castro; E P A Rutten; E F M Wouters; A M W J Schols; N E P Deutz Journal: Clin Nutr Date: 2012-06-06 Impact factor: 7.324
Authors: Julian Vallejo; Madoka Spence; An-Lin Cheng; Leticia Brotto; Neile K Edens; Sean M Garvey; Marco Brotto Journal: PLoS One Date: 2016-03-08 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Mariëlle P K J Engelen; Renate Jonker; John J Thaden; Gabriella A M Ten Have; Moon Sun Jeon; Srinivasan Dasarathy; Nicolaas E P Deutz Journal: Clin Nutr Date: 2020-01-29 Impact factor: 7.324
Authors: Mariëlle P K J Engelen; Renate Jonker; Hooriya Sulaiman; Helena L Fisk; Philip C Calder; Nicolaas E P Deutz Journal: Am J Clin Nutr Date: 2022-09-02 Impact factor: 8.472
Authors: Sarah K Kirschner; Nicolaas E P Deutz; Renate Jonker; Steven W M Olde Damink; Rajesh I Harrykissoon; Anthony J Zachria; Srinivasan Dasarathy; Mariëlle P K J Engelen Journal: Clin Nutr Date: 2020-10-10 Impact factor: 7.324
Authors: Nicolaas E P Deutz; Pierre Singer; Raven A Wierzchowska-McNew; Marina V Viana; Itai A Ben-David; Olivier Pantet; John J Thaden; Gabriella A M Ten Have; Mariëlle P K J Engelen; Mette M Berger Journal: Clin Nutr Date: 2021-03-18 Impact factor: 7.324
Authors: Clayton L Cruthirds; Nicolaas E P Deutz; Rajesh Harrykissoon; Anthony J Zachria; Mariëlle P K J Engelen Journal: Clin Nutr Date: 2022-03-03 Impact factor: 7.324
Authors: Jorge Z Granados; Gabriella A M Ten Have; Ayland C Letsinger; John J Thaden; Marielle P K J Engelen; J Timothy Lightfoot; Nicolaas E P Deutz Journal: PLoS One Date: 2020-06-26 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Jaekwan K Park; Nicolaas E P Deutz; Clayton L Cruthirds; Sarah K Kirschner; Hangue Park; Michael L Madigan; Mariëlle P K J Engelen Journal: J Clin Med Date: 2020-02-24 Impact factor: 4.241