| Literature DB >> 29269957 |
Nina Combaz-Söhnchen1, Annette Kuhn2.
Abstract
Mycoplasma species relevant to the urogenital tract include mycoplasma hominis, mycoplasma genitalia and ureaplasma urealyticum. Their occurrence in the context of urogynaecological disease has been demonstrated in urethritis, cystitis and upper renal tract infections. Their role in hyperactive bladder and interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome is controversial. All the above-mentioned microorganisms can occur as commensals or as potential pathogens. In most cases their role in any particular pathology cannot be proven, only presumed. The aim of this systematic review was to summarise current knowledge on the influence of mycoplasma and ureaplasma in urogynaecological pathology and to provide clinical guidance on diagnosis (when and how is pathogen detection indicated?) and treatment. 377 relevant articles were analysed. In summary: a urethral swab for PCR analysis of the three bacteria should be performed in the context of symptomatic sterile leukocyturia, chronic urethritis and suspected hyperactive bladder or interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome. Symptomatic women should be treated strictly according to results of the antibiogram.Entities:
Keywords: bladder pain syndrome; hyperactive bladder; infections in urogynaecology; mycoplasma; ureaplasma
Year: 2017 PMID: 29269957 PMCID: PMC5734936 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-119687
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd ISSN: 0016-5751 Impact factor: 2.915
Table 1 Search criteria coupled with the terms “mycoplasma” and “ureaplasma” and articles found. Results are shown for the systematic literature search in Pubmed and Medline using all relevant search criteria, and in Scopus, Ovid and Science Direct using search terms “overactive bladder, hyperactive bladder, bladder irritation, interstitial cystitis, chronic pelvic pain and bladder pain” with specification of subtopics.
| Search criteria | No. articles found |
|---|---|
| Cystitis | 17 |
| Bladder infection | 22 |
| Urinary tract infection | 100 |
| LUTS | 7 |
| Lower urinary tract | 22 |
| Urethra | 106 |
| Urethritis | 266 |
| Pyelonephritis | 14 |
| Upper urinary tract infection | 2 |
| Immune deficiency | 52 |
| Overactive bladder | 8 |
| Hyperactive bladder | 3 |
| Bladder irritation | 6 |
| Interstitial cystitis | 66 |
| Chronic pelvic pain | 116 |
| Bladder pain | 25 |
| Treatment | 483 |
| Laboratory analysis | 8 |
| Detection and analysis | 7 |
| Sexually transmitted diseases woman | 134 |
| Reproduction tract | 91 |
| Infertility | 178 |
| Pregnancy | 403 |
| Neonate infection | 123 |
| Delivery transmission | 10 |
Fig. 1Literature search flow diagram. The initial 2269 identified articles were analysed. Original publications in German, English and French were included. Using objective and subjective selection criteria all review articles, studies conducted only on men or animals and in vitro studies were excluded from the analysis. Double references and studies regarded as irrelevant were also eliminated. 377 articles remained for final analysis. 54 of these publications were regarded as currently relevant and served as the basis for this article.
Tab. 1 Suchkriterien gekoppelt mit den Begriffen „Mycoplasma“ und „Ureaplasma“ sowie gefundene Artikel. Dargestellt sind die Ergebnisse der systematischen Literatursuche der Datenbanken PubMed und MEDLINE für sämtliche als relevant erachtete Kriterien sowie Scopus, Ovid und Science Direct zu den Suchbegriffen „overactive bladder, hyperactive bladder, bladder irritation, interstitial cystitis, chronic pelvic pain und bladder pain“ mit Spezifizierung der Unterthematiken.
| Suchkriterium | Trefferanzahl |
|---|---|
| Cystitis | 17 |
| Bladder infection | 22 |
| Urinary tract infection | 100 |
| LUTS | 7 |
| Lower urinary tract | 22 |
| Urethra | 106 |
| Urethritis | 266 |
| Pyelonephritis | 14 |
| Upper urinary tract infection | 2 |
| Immune deficiency | 52 |
| Overactive bladder | 8 |
| Hyperactive bladder | 3 |
| Bladder irritation | 6 |
| Interstitial cystitis | 66 |
| Chronic pelvic pain | 116 |
| Bladder pain | 25 |
| Treatment | 483 |
| Laboratory analysis | 8 |
| Detection and analysis | 7 |
| Sexually transmitted diseases woman | 134 |
| Reproduction tract | 91 |
| Infertility | 178 |
| Pregnancy | 403 |
| Neonate infection | 123 |
| Delivery transmission | 10 |
Abb. 1Flussdiagramm der Literaturrecherche. Die initial gefundenen 2269 Arbeiten wurden analysiert. Eingeschlossen wurden Originalarbeiten in deutscher, englischer und französischer Sprache. Ausgeschlossen aus der Literaturanalyse wurden anschließend nach Anwendung von objektiven und subjektiven Selektionskriterien sämtliche Übersichtsarbeiten und Arbeiten, die ausschließlich an Männern oder Tieren durchgeführt wurden, sowie In-vitro-Studien. Doppelte und als irrelevant betrachtete Arbeiten wurden eliminiert. Für die finale Analyse verblieben 377 Arbeiten. 54 dieser Arbeiten wurden als aktuell relevant erachtet und dienten der Erstellung dieses Artikels.