Sydney W Strickland1, Sean T Campbell1, Randie R Little2, David E Bruns1, Lindsay A L Bazydlo3. 1. Department of Pathology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States. 2. Department of Pathology & Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, United States. 3. Department of Pathology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States. Electronic address: lal2s@hscmail.mcc.virginia.edu.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Unrecognized hemoglobinopathies can lead to measured hemoglobin A1c (Hb A1c) concentrations that are erroneous or misleading. We determined the effects of rare hemoglobin variants on capillary electrophoresis (CE) and HPLC methods for measurement of Hb A1c. METHODS: We prospectively investigated samples in which Hb A1c was measured by CE during a 14-month period. For samples in which the electropherograms suggested the presence of rare hemoglobinopathies, hemoglobin variants were identified by molecular analysis or by comparison with electropherograms of known variants. When sample volume permitted, Hb A1c was measured by 2 HPLC measurement procedures and by boronate affinity HPLC. RESULTS: Hb A1c was measured by CE in 33,859 samples from 26,850 patients. 15 patients (0.06%) were identified as having rare hemoglobinopathies: Hbs A2 prime, Agenogi, Fannin-Lubbock I, G Philadelphia, G San Jose, J Baltimore, La Desirade, N Baltimore, Nouakchott, and Roanne. Among 6 of these samples tested by 2 ion-exchange HPLC methods, the rare Hb was detected by both HPLC methods in only one sample, and none were detected by boronate affinity HPLC. The mean of the Hb A1c results of 2 HPLC methods differed from the result of the CE method by 0.7-2.2% Hb A1c in samples with variant hemoglobins versus <0.2% Hb A1c in samples without variants. CONCLUSION: Measurement procedures differ in the ability to detect the presence of rare Hb variants and to quantify Hb A1c in patients who harbor such variants.
BACKGROUND: Unrecognized hemoglobinopathies can lead to measured hemoglobin A1c (Hb A1c) concentrations that are erroneous or misleading. We determined the effects of rare hemoglobin variants on capillary electrophoresis (CE) and HPLC methods for measurement of Hb A1c. METHODS: We prospectively investigated samples in which Hb A1c was measured by CE during a 14-month period. For samples in which the electropherograms suggested the presence of rare hemoglobinopathies, hemoglobin variants were identified by molecular analysis or by comparison with electropherograms of known variants. When sample volume permitted, Hb A1c was measured by 2 HPLC measurement procedures and by boronate affinity HPLC. RESULTS: Hb A1c was measured by CE in 33,859 samples from 26,850 patients. 15 patients (0.06%) were identified as having rare hemoglobinopathies: Hbs A2 prime, Agenogi, Fannin-Lubbock I, G Philadelphia, G San Jose, J Baltimore, La Desirade, N Baltimore, Nouakchott, and Roanne. Among 6 of these samples tested by 2 ion-exchange HPLC methods, the rare Hb was detected by both HPLC methods in only one sample, and none were detected by boronate affinity HPLC. The mean of the Hb A1c results of 2 HPLC methods differed from the result of the CE method by 0.7-2.2% Hb A1c in samples with variant hemoglobins versus <0.2% Hb A1c in samples without variants. CONCLUSION: Measurement procedures differ in the ability to detect the presence of rare Hb variants and to quantify Hb A1c in patients who harbor such variants.
Authors: Chloé Sarnowski; Aaron Leong; Laura M Raffield; Peitao Wu; Paul S de Vries; Daniel DiCorpo; Xiuqing Guo; Huichun Xu; Yongmei Liu; Xiuwen Zheng; Yao Hu; Jennifer A Brody; Mark O Goodarzi; Bertha A Hidalgo; Heather M Highland; Deepti Jain; Ching-Ti Liu; Rakhi P Naik; Jeffrey R O'Connell; James A Perry; Bianca C Porneala; Elizabeth Selvin; Jennifer Wessel; Bruce M Psaty; Joanne E Curran; Juan M Peralta; John Blangero; Charles Kooperberg; Rasika Mathias; Andrew D Johnson; Alexander P Reiner; Braxton D Mitchell; L Adrienne Cupples; Ramachandran S Vasan; Adolfo Correa; Alanna C Morrison; Eric Boerwinkle; Jerome I Rotter; Stephen S Rich; Alisa K Manning; Josée Dupuis; James B Meigs Journal: Am J Hum Genet Date: 2019-09-26 Impact factor: 11.025