Zhangqun Ye1, Guohua Zeng2, Huan Yang1, Kun Tang1, Xiaochun Zhang3, Hong Li4, Weibing Li5, Zhong Wu6, Lingwu Chen7, Xingfa Chen8, Xiankui Liu9, Yaoliang Deng10, Tiejun Pan11, Jinchun Xing12, Shusheng Wang13, Yue Cheng14, Xiaojian Gu15, Wenxi Gao16, Jianggen Yang17, Yonghai Zhang18, Qiwu Mi19, Lin Qi20, Jiongming Li21, Weilie Hu22, Peiyu Liang23, Zhaolin Sun24, Changbao Xu25, Yongfu Long26, Yongbin Liao27, Siping Liu28, Guoqing Liu29, Xun Xu30, Wei He1, Zhiqiang Chen31, Hua Xu32. 1. Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Hubei Institute of Urology, Wuhan, China. 2. The Center of Minimally-invasive Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. 3. The Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, China. 4. Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. 5. Department of Urology and Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. 6. Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China. 7. Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhongshan University, Guangzhou, China. 8. Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China. 9. Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese Medical University, Shenyang, China. 10. Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China. 11. Department of Urology, Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Region, Wuhan, China. 12. Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China. 13. Department of Urology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China. 14. Department of Urology, the First People's Hospital of Ningbo City, Ningbo University Medical School, Ningbo, China. 15. Department of Urology, JiangSu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China. 16. Department of Urology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China. 17. Department of Urology, the People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China. 18. Department of Urology, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, China. 19. Department of Urology, the People's Hospital of Dongguan, Dongguan, China. 20. Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital of Centra South University, Changsha, China. 21. Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China. 22. Department of Urology, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Region, Guangzhou, China. 23. Department of Urology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China. 24. Department of Urology, the People's Hospital of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, China. 25. Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Medical School, Zhengzhou, China. 26. Department of Urology, Shaoyang Central Hospital, Shaoyang, China. 27. Department of Urology, Jiangmen Hospital of Zhongshan University, Jiangmen, China. 28. Department of Urology, Meizhou Hospital of Zhongshan University, Meizhou, China. 29. Department of Urology, Foshan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanfang Medical University, Foshan, China. 30. Department of Urology, Nanhai Hospital of Nanfang Medical University. 31. Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Hubei Institute of Urology, Wuhan, China. Electronic address: zhqchen8366@163.com. 32. Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Hubei Institute of Urology, Wuhan, China. Electronic address: xuhuawhu@163.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Recent large high-quality trials have questioned the clinical effectiveness of medical expulsive therapy using tamsulosin for ureteral stones. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of tamsulosin for distal ureteral stones compared with placebo. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: We conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 3296 patients with distal ureteral stones, across 30 centers, to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tamsulosin. INTERVENTION: Participants were randomly assigned (1:1) into tamsulosin (0.4mg) or placebo groups for 4 wk. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: The primary end point of analysis was the overall stone expulsion rate, defined as stone expulsion, confirmed by negative findings on computed tomography, over a 28-d surveillance period. Secondary end points included time to stone expulsion, use of analgesics, and incidence of adverse events. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS: Among 3450 patients randomized between September 1, 2011, and August 31, 2013, 3296 (96%) were included in the primary analysis. Tamsulosin benefits from a higher stone expulsion rate than the placebo (86% vs 79%; p<0.001) for distal ureteral stones. Subgroup analysis identified a specific benefit of tamsulosin for the treatment of large distal ureteral stones (>5mm). Considering the secondary end points, tamsulosin-treated patients reported a shorter time to expulsion (p<0.001), required lower use of analgesics compared with placebo (p<0.001), and significantly relieved renal colic (p<0.001). No differences in the incidence of adverse events were identified between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that tamsulosin use benefits distal ureteral stones in facilitating stone passage and relieving renal colic. Subgroup analyses find that tamsulosin provides a superior expulsion rate for stones >5mm, but no effect for stones ≤5mm. PATIENT SUMMARY: In this report, we looked at the efficacy and safety of tamsulosin for the treatment of distal ureteral stones. We find that tamsulosin significantly facilitates the passage of distal ureteral stones and relieves renal colic.
BACKGROUND: Recent large high-quality trials have questioned the clinical effectiveness of medical expulsive therapy using tamsulosin for ureteral stones. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of tamsulosin for distal ureteral stones compared with placebo. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: We conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 3296 patients with distal ureteral stones, across 30 centers, to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tamsulosin. INTERVENTION: Participants were randomly assigned (1:1) into tamsulosin (0.4mg) or placebo groups for 4 wk. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: The primary end point of analysis was the overall stone expulsion rate, defined as stone expulsion, confirmed by negative findings on computed tomography, over a 28-d surveillance period. Secondary end points included time to stone expulsion, use of analgesics, and incidence of adverse events. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS: Among 3450 patients randomized between September 1, 2011, and August 31, 2013, 3296 (96%) were included in the primary analysis. Tamsulosin benefits from a higher stone expulsion rate than the placebo (86% vs 79%; p<0.001) for distal ureteral stones. Subgroup analysis identified a specific benefit of tamsulosin for the treatment of large distal ureteral stones (>5mm). Considering the secondary end points, tamsulosin-treated patients reported a shorter time to expulsion (p<0.001), required lower use of analgesics compared with placebo (p<0.001), and significantly relieved renal colic (p<0.001). No differences in the incidence of adverse events were identified between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that tamsulosin use benefits distal ureteral stones in facilitating stone passage and relieving renal colic. Subgroup analyses find that tamsulosin provides a superior expulsion rate for stones >5mm, but no effect for stones ≤5mm. PATIENT SUMMARY: In this report, we looked at the efficacy and safety of tamsulosin for the treatment of distal ureteral stones. We find that tamsulosin significantly facilitates the passage of distal ureteral stones and relieves renal colic.
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