Erik D Hanson1,2,3, Eli Danson4, Catriona V Nguyen-Robertson5, Jackson J Fyfe6,7, Nigel K Stepto6,8,9, David B Bartlett10, Samy Sakkal6,5. 1. Department of Exercise and Sports Science, University of North Carolina, CB#8605, 315 Woollen Gym, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA. edhanson@email.unc.edu. 2. Institute of Sport, Exercise, and Active Living, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, 8001, Australia. edhanson@email.unc.edu. 3. Centre for Chronic Disease, College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, 8001, Australia. edhanson@email.unc.edu. 4. Department of Exercise and Sports Science, University of North Carolina, CB#8605, 315 Woollen Gym, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA. 5. Centre for Chronic Disease, College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, 8001, Australia. 6. Institute of Sport, Exercise, and Active Living, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, 8001, Australia. 7. School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia. 8. Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia. 9. Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science, Victoria University, St. Albans, VIC, 3021, Australia. 10. Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Mucosal associated invariant T (MAIT) cells have properties of the innate and acquired immune systems. While the response to vigorous exercise has been established for most leukocytes, MAIT cells have not been investigated. Therefore, the purpose was to determine if MAIT cell lymphocytosis occurs with acute maximal aerobic exercise and if this response is influenced by exercise duration, cardiovascular fitness, or body composition. METHODS: Twenty healthy young males with moderate fitness levels performed an extended graded exercise test until volitional fatigue. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from venous blood obtained prior and immediately after exercise and were labeled to identify specific T cell populations using flow cytometry. RESULTS: The percentage of MAIT cells relative to total T cells significantly increased from 3.0 to 3.8% and absolute MAIT cell counts increased by 2.2-fold following maximal exercise. MAIT cell subpopulation proportions were unchanged with exercise. Within cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), MAIT cells consisted of 8% of these cells and this remained constant after exercise. MAIT cell counts and changes with exercise were not affected by body composition, VO2peak, or exercise duration. CONCLUSIONS: Maximal exercise doubled MAIT cell numbers and showed preferential mobilization within total T cells but the response was not influenced by fitness levels, exercise duration, or body composition. These results suggest that acute exercise could be used to offset MAIT cell deficiencies observed with certain pathologies. MAIT cells also make up a substantial proportion of CTLs, which may have implications for cytotoxicity assays using these cells.
PURPOSE: Mucosal associated invariant T (MAIT) cells have properties of the innate and acquired immune systems. While the response to vigorous exercise has been established for most leukocytes, MAIT cells have not been investigated. Therefore, the purpose was to determine if MAIT cell lymphocytosis occurs with acute maximal aerobic exercise and if this response is influenced by exercise duration, cardiovascular fitness, or body composition. METHODS: Twenty healthy young males with moderate fitness levels performed an extended graded exercise test until volitional fatigue. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from venous blood obtained prior and immediately after exercise and were labeled to identify specific T cell populations using flow cytometry. RESULTS: The percentage of MAIT cells relative to total T cells significantly increased from 3.0 to 3.8% and absolute MAIT cell counts increased by 2.2-fold following maximal exercise. MAIT cell subpopulation proportions were unchanged with exercise. Within cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), MAIT cells consisted of 8% of these cells and this remained constant after exercise. MAIT cell counts and changes with exercise were not affected by body composition, VO2peak, or exercise duration. CONCLUSIONS: Maximal exercise doubled MAIT cell numbers and showed preferential mobilization within total T cells but the response was not influenced by fitness levels, exercise duration, or body composition. These results suggest that acute exercise could be used to offset MAIT cell deficiencies observed with certain pathologies. MAIT cells also make up a substantial proportion of CTLs, which may have implications for cytotoxicity assays using these cells.
Authors: D C Nieman; D A Henson; R Johnson; L Lebeck; J M Davis; S L Nehlsen-Cannarella Journal: Med Sci Sports Exerc Date: 1992-12 Impact factor: 5.411
Authors: Nicholas A Gherardin; Andrew N Keller; Rachel E Woolley; Jérôme Le Nours; David S Ritchie; Paul J Neeson; Richard W Birkinshaw; Sidonia B G Eckle; John N Waddington; Ligong Liu; David P Fairlie; Adam P Uldrich; Daniel G Pellicci; James McCluskey; Dale I Godfrey; Jamie Rossjohn Journal: Immunity Date: 2016-01-12 Impact factor: 31.745
Authors: Suzi Hong; Todd A Johnson; Noha H Farag; Harold J Guy; Scott C Matthews; Michael G Ziegler; Paul J Mills Journal: J Appl Physiol (1985) Date: 2004-10-22
Authors: Liyen Loh; Zhongfang Wang; Sneha Sant; Marios Koutsakos; Sinthujan Jegaskanda; Alexandra J Corbett; Ligong Liu; David P Fairlie; Jane Crowe; Jamie Rossjohn; Jianqing Xu; Peter C Doherty; James McCluskey; Katherine Kedzierska Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 2016-08-19 Impact factor: 11.205
Authors: Lucy J Walker; Yu-Hoi Kang; Matthew O Smith; Hannah Tharmalingham; Narayan Ramamurthy; Vicki M Fleming; Natasha Sahgal; Alistair Leslie; Ye Oo; Alessandra Geremia; Thomas J Scriba; Willem A Hanekom; Georg M Lauer; Olivier Lantz; David H Adams; Fiona Powrie; Eleanor Barnes; Paul Klenerman Journal: Blood Date: 2011-11-15 Impact factor: 22.113
Authors: Marielle C Gold; James E McLaren; Joseph A Reistetter; Sue Smyk-Pearson; Kristin Ladell; Gwendolyn M Swarbrick; Yik Y L Yu; Ted H Hansen; Ole Lund; Morten Nielsen; Bram Gerritsen; Can Kesmir; John J Miles; Deborah A Lewinsohn; David A Price; David M Lewinsohn Journal: J Exp Med Date: 2014-07-21 Impact factor: 14.307
Authors: Jackson J Fyfe; Jonathan D Bartlett; Erik D Hanson; Nigel K Stepto; David J Bishop Journal: Front Physiol Date: 2016-11-03 Impact factor: 4.566
Authors: Erik D Hanson; Eli Danson; William S Evans; William A Wood; Claudio L Battaglini; Samy Sakkal Journal: Med Sci Sports Exerc Date: 2018-09-19 Impact factor: 5.411
Authors: Sara Naimimohasses; Philip O'Gorman; Ciara Wright; Deirdre Ni Fhloinn; Dean Holden; Niall Conlon; Ann Monaghan; Megan Kennedy; John Gormley; Peter Beddy; Stephen Patrick Finn; Joanne Lysaght; Jacintha O'Sullivan; Margaret R Dunne; Suzanne Norris; J Bernadette Moore Journal: Nutrients Date: 2022-05-25 Impact factor: 6.706
Authors: Erik D Hanson; Eli Danson; William S Evans; William A Wood; Claudio L Battaglini; Samy Sakkal Journal: Med Sci Sports Exerc Date: 2019-02 Impact factor: 5.411
Authors: Erik D Hanson; Lauren C Bates; Elizabeth P Harrell; David B Bartlett; Jordan T Lee; Chad W Wagoner; Mohamdod S Alzer; Dean J Amatuli; Brian C Jensen; Allison M Deal; Hyman B Muss; Kirsten A Nyrop; Claudio L Battaglini Journal: Exp Gerontol Date: 2021-06-16 Impact factor: 4.253
Authors: Nasim Khosravi; Erik D Hanson; Vahid Farajivafa; William S Evans; Jordan T Lee; Eli Danson; Chad W Wagoner; Elizabeth P Harrell; Stephanie A Sullivan; Kirsten A Nyrop; Hyman B Muss; David B Bartlett; Brian C Jensen; Shahpar Haghighat; Mahdieh Molanouri Shamsi; Claudio L Battaglini Journal: Brain Behav Immun Health Date: 2021-03-22
Authors: David B Bartlett; Erik D Hanson; Jordan T Lee; Chad W Wagoner; Elizabeth P Harrell; Stephanie A Sullivan; Lauren C Bates; Mohamdod S Alzer; Dean J Amatuli; Allison M Deal; Brian C Jensen; Grace MacDonald; Michael A Deal; Hyman B Muss; Kirsten A Nyrop; Claudio L Battaglini Journal: Front Immunol Date: 2021-10-27 Impact factor: 7.561
Authors: Jacqueline M Cliff; Elizabeth C King; Ji-Sook Lee; Nuno Sepúlveda; Asia-Sophia Wolf; Caroline Kingdon; Erinna Bowman; Hazel M Dockrell; Luis Nacul; Eliana Lacerda; Eleanor M Riley Journal: Front Immunol Date: 2019-04-16 Impact factor: 7.561