Estela Jiménez-López1, Ana Isabel Aparicio2, Eva Maria Sánchez-Morla3, Roberto Rodriguez-Jimenez3, Eduard Vieta4, José Luis Santos5. 1. Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Virgen de La Luz, Cuenca, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain. 2. Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Virgen de La Luz, Cuenca, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; Nursing Department of the University of Castilla-La Mancha, Spain. 3. Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, Research Institute of Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas 12), Madrid, Spain; CogPsy-Group, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Spain. 4. Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain. 5. Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Virgen de La Luz, Cuenca, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: jlsantosg@sescam.jccm.es.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: It has been suggested that patients with bipolar disorder with psychotic symptoms (BD-P) have larger neurocognitive impairment than patients with bipolar disorder without a history of psychotic symptoms (BD-NP). The objective of this study was to compare neurocognitive performance of BD-P and BD-NP relative to a group of patients with schizophrenia (SZ), and healthy controls (HC). METHODS: Neurocognitive function was examined in 100 subjects with bipolar I disorder (50 BD-P, 50 BD-NP), 50 SZ, and 51 HC. All patients with BD fulfilled criteria for euthymia, while all SZ patients were stabilised for at least the previous 3 months. RESULTS: Patients with BD-P and BD-NP performed worse than HC in all neurocognitive measures, except for sustained attention. Differences between BD-P and BD-NP were subtle and circumscribed to the working memory domain (effect size: 0.29). SZ performed worse than BD-NP in the neurocognitive composite index (NCI) and in the working memory domain. There were no differences between SZ and BD-P in any neurocognitive measure. LIMITATIONS: The relatively small sample size, the cross-sectional design and, that patients were receiving pharmacological treatment are the main limitations of this study. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings show that the three groups of patients have a large neurocognitive impairment. Differences are quantitative and only present in some neurocognitive domains, such as working memory. These results suggest that patients with BD and SZ can benefit from the same strategies of cognitive remediation.
BACKGROUND: It has been suggested that patients with bipolar disorder with psychotic symptoms (BD-P) have larger neurocognitive impairment than patients with bipolar disorder without a history of psychotic symptoms (BD-NP). The objective of this study was to compare neurocognitive performance of BD-P and BD-NP relative to a group of patients with schizophrenia (SZ), and healthy controls (HC). METHODS: Neurocognitive function was examined in 100 subjects with bipolar I disorder (50 BD-P, 50 BD-NP), 50 SZ, and 51 HC. All patients with BD fulfilled criteria for euthymia, while all SZ patients were stabilised for at least the previous 3 months. RESULTS:Patients with BD-P and BD-NP performed worse than HC in all neurocognitive measures, except for sustained attention. Differences between BD-P and BD-NP were subtle and circumscribed to the working memory domain (effect size: 0.29). SZ performed worse than BD-NP in the neurocognitive composite index (NCI) and in the working memory domain. There were no differences between SZ and BD-P in any neurocognitive measure. LIMITATIONS: The relatively small sample size, the cross-sectional design and, that patients were receiving pharmacological treatment are the main limitations of this study. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings show that the three groups of patients have a large neurocognitive impairment. Differences are quantitative and only present in some neurocognitive domains, such as working memory. These results suggest that patients with BD and SZ can benefit from the same strategies of cognitive remediation.
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