Niloufar Farzan1,2, Susanne J Vijverberg1,2, Anand K Andiappan3, Lambang Arianto4, Vojko Berce5,6, Natalia Blanca-López7, Hans Bisgaard4, Klaus Bønnelykke4, Esteban G Burchard8, Paloma Campo9, Glorisa Canino10, Bruce Carleton11, Juan C Celedón12, Fook Tim Chew13, Wen Chin Chiang13, Michelle M Cloutier14, Denis Daley15, Herman T Den Dekker16,17, F Nicole Dijk18,19, Liesbeth Duijts16,20, Carlos Flores21,22, Erick Forno12, Daniel B Hawcutt23,24, Natalia Hernandez-Pacheco22, Johan C de Jongste16, Michael Kabesch25, Gerard H Koppelman18,19, Vangelis G Manolopoulos26, Erik Melén27,28, Somnath Mukhopadhyay29,30, Sara Nilsson27,28, Colin N Palmer30, Maria Pino-Yanes21,22, Munir Pirmohamed31, Uros Potočnik6,32, Jan A Raaijmakers1, Katja Repnik6,32, Maximilian Schieck25,33, Yang Yie Sio13, Rosalind L Smyth34, Csaba Szalai35,36, Kelan G Tantisira37,38, Steve Turner39, Marc P van der Schee2, Katia M Verhamme40, Anke H Maitland-van der Zee1,2. 1. Division of Pharmacoepidemiology & Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands. 2. Department of Respiratory Medicine, Academic Medical Center (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. 3. Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology & Research, Singapore 138648, Singapore. 4. Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev & Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. 5. Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Centre Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia. 6. Centre for Human Molecular Genetics & Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia. 7. Allergy Service, Infanta Leonor Hospital, Madrid, Spain. 8. Departments of Medicine, Bioengineering & Therapeutic Sciences University of California, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA. 9. Allergy Unit, IBIMA, Regional University Hospital of Malaga, Malaga, Spain. 10. Behavioral Sciences institute, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico. 11. Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. 12. Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Allergy, & Immunology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA. 13. Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, & the Allergy & Immunology Division, Department of Paediatric Medicine, KK Children's Hospital, Singapore. 14. Asthma Center, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, University of Connecticut Health Center, CT 06106, USA. 15. Respiratory Division, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. 16. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine & Allergology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. 17. Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. 18. Department of Pediatric Pulmonology & Pediatric Allergology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Beatrix Children's Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands. 19. Groningen Research Institute for Asthma & COPD, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. 20. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. 21. CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. 22. Research Unit, Hospital Universitario N.S. de Candelaria, Universidad de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain. 23. Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Liverpool, UK. 24. Department of Women's & Children's Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. 25. Department of Pediatric Pneumology & Allergy, University Children's Hospital Regensburg (KUNO), Regensburg, Germany. 26. Laboratory of Pharmacology, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece. 27. Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. 28. Centre of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden. 29. Academic Department of Paediatrics, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Royal Alexandra Children's Hospital, Brighton, UK. 30. Population Pharmacogenetics Group, Biomedical Research Institute, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School University of Dundee, Dundee, UK. 31. Department of Molecular & Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. 32. Faculty for Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia. 33. Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. 34. Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK. 35. Department of Genetics, Cell & Immuno-biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary. 36. Central Laboratory, Heim Pal Children Hospital, Budapest, Hungary. 37. The Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. 38. Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. 39. Child Health, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK. 40. Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Abstract
AIM: International collaboration is needed to enable large-scale pharmacogenomics studies in childhood asthma. Here, we describe the design of the Pharmacogenomics in Childhood Asthma (PiCA) consortium. MATERIALS & METHODS: Investigators of each study participating in PiCA provided data on the study characteristics by answering an online questionnaire. RESULTS: A total of 21 studies, including 14,227 children/young persons (58% male), from 12 different countries are currently enrolled in the PiCA consortium. Fifty six percent of the patients are Caucasians. In total, 7619 were inhaled corticosteroid users. Among patients from 13 studies with available data on asthma exacerbations, a third reported exacerbations despite inhaled corticosteroid use. In the future pharmacogenomics studies within the consortium, the pharmacogenomics analyses will be performed separately in each center and the results will be meta-analyzed. CONCLUSION: PiCA is a valuable platform to perform pharmacogenetics studies within a multiethnic pediatric asthma population.
AIM: International collaboration is needed to enable large-scale pharmacogenomics studies in childhood asthma. Here, we describe the design of the Pharmacogenomics in Childhood Asthma (PiCA) consortium. MATERIALS & METHODS: Investigators of each study participating in PiCA provided data on the study characteristics by answering an online questionnaire. RESULTS: A total of 21 studies, including 14,227 children/young persons (58% male), from 12 different countries are currently enrolled in the PiCA consortium. Fifty six percent of the patients are Caucasians. In total, 7619 were inhaled corticosteroid users. Among patients from 13 studies with available data on asthma exacerbations, a third reported exacerbations despite inhaled corticosteroid use. In the future pharmacogenomics studies within the consortium, the pharmacogenomics analyses will be performed separately in each center and the results will be meta-analyzed. CONCLUSION: PiCA is a valuable platform to perform pharmacogenetics studies within a multiethnic pediatric asthma population.
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