Shinichiro Kuroshima1, Masaru Kaku2, Takuya Ishimoto3, Muneteru Sasaki4, Takayoshi Nakano3, Takashi Sawase4. 1. Department of Applied Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-7-1, Sakamoto, Nagasaki-city, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan. Electronic address: kuroshima@nagasaki-u.ac.jp. 2. Division of Bio-prosthodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Niigata University, 2-5274, Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata-City, Niigata 951-8514, Japan. 3. Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita-city, Osaka 565-0871, Japan. 4. Department of Applied Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-7-1, Sakamoto, Nagasaki-city, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan.
Abstract
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to present the current concept of bone quality based on the proposal by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and some of the cellular and molecular factors that affect bone quality. STUDY SELECTION: This is a literature review which focuses on collagen, biological apatite (BAp), and bone cells such as osteoblasts and osteocytes. RESULTS: In dentistry, the term "bone quality" has long been considered to be synonymous with bone mineral density (BMD) based on radiographic and sensible evaluations. In 2000, the NIH proposed the concept of bone quality as "the sum of all characteristics of bone that influence the bone's resistance to fracture," which is completely independent of BMD. The NIH defines bone quality as comprising bone architecture, bone turnover, bone mineralization, and micro-damage accumulation. Moreover, our investigations have demonstrated that BAp, collagen, and bone cells such as osteoblasts and osteocytes play essential roles in controlling the current concept of bone quality in bone around hip and dental implants. CONCLUSION: The current concept of bone quality is crucial for understanding bone mechanical functions. BAp, collagen and osteocytes are the main factors affecting bone quality. Moreover, mechanical loading dynamically adapts bone quality. Understanding the current concept of bone quality is required in dentistry.
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to present the current concept of bone quality based on the proposal by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and some of the cellular and molecular factors that affect bone quality. STUDY SELECTION: This is a literature review which focuses on collagen, biological apatite (BAp), and bone cells such as osteoblasts and osteocytes. RESULTS: In dentistry, the term "bone quality" has long been considered to be synonymous with bone mineral density (BMD) based on radiographic and sensible evaluations. In 2000, the NIH proposed the concept of bone quality as "the sum of all characteristics of bone that influence the bone's resistance to fracture," which is completely independent of BMD. The NIH defines bone quality as comprising bone architecture, bone turnover, bone mineralization, and micro-damage accumulation. Moreover, our investigations have demonstrated that BAp, collagen, and bone cells such as osteoblasts and osteocytes play essential roles in controlling the current concept of bone quality in bone around hip and dental implants. CONCLUSION: The current concept of bone quality is crucial for understanding bone mechanical functions. BAp, collagen and osteocytes are the main factors affecting bone quality. Moreover, mechanical loading dynamically adapts bone quality. Understanding the current concept of bone quality is required in dentistry.
Authors: Nathália R Gomes; Juliano D S Albergaria; Jonathas A de S Henriques; Tânia M P Amaral; Evandro N Abdo; Gerluza A B Silva; Cláudia Borges Brasileiro Journal: Dentomaxillofac Radiol Date: 2019-07-23 Impact factor: 2.419