Joanna Chung Kiu Mak1, Dominic Chi Chung Foo1, Rockson Wei1, Wai Lun Law2. 1. Department of Surgery, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong. 2. Department of Surgery, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong. lawwl@hkucc.hku.hk.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Advances in surgical techniques and paradigm changes in rectal cancer treatment have led to a drastic decline in the abdominoperineal resection rate, and sphincter-preserving operation is possible in distal rectal cancer. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the long-term incidence of permanent stoma after sphincter-preserving surgery for low rectal cancer and its corresponding risk factors. METHOD: From 2000 to 2014, patients who underwent sphincter-preserving low anterior resection for low rectal cancer (within 5 cm from the anal verge) were included. The occurrence of permanent stoma over time and its risk factors were investigated by using a Cox proportional hazards regression model. RESULTS: This study included 194 patients who underwent ultra-low anterior resection for distal rectal cancer, and the median follow-up period was 77 months for the surviving patients. Forty-six (23.7%) patients required a permanent stoma eventfully. Anastomotic-related complications and disease progression were the main reasons for permanent stoma. Clinical anastomotic leakage (HR 5.72; 95% CI 2.31-14.12; p < 0.001) and neoadjuvant chemoradiation (HR 2.34; 95% CI 1.12-4.90; p = 0.024) were predictors for permanent primary stoma. Local recurrence (HR 16.09; 95% CI 5.88-44.03; p < 0.001) and T4 disease (HR 11.28; 95% CI 2.99-42.49; p < 0.001) were predictors for permanent secondary stoma. The 5- and 10-year cumulative incidence for permanent stoma was 24.1 and 28.0%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Advanced disease, prior chemoradiation, anastomotic leakage and local recurrence predispose patients to permanent stoma should be taken into consideration when contemplating sphincter-preserving surgery.
BACKGROUND: Advances in surgical techniques and paradigm changes in rectal cancer treatment have led to a drastic decline in the abdominoperineal resection rate, and sphincter-preserving operation is possible in distal rectal cancer. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the long-term incidence of permanent stoma after sphincter-preserving surgery for low rectal cancer and its corresponding risk factors. METHOD: From 2000 to 2014, patients who underwent sphincter-preserving low anterior resection for low rectal cancer (within 5 cm from the anal verge) were included. The occurrence of permanent stoma over time and its risk factors were investigated by using a Cox proportional hazards regression model. RESULTS: This study included 194 patients who underwent ultra-low anterior resection for distal rectal cancer, and the median follow-up period was 77 months for the surviving patients. Forty-six (23.7%) patients required a permanent stoma eventfully. Anastomotic-related complications and disease progression were the main reasons for permanent stoma. Clinical anastomotic leakage (HR 5.72; 95% CI 2.31-14.12; p < 0.001) and neoadjuvant chemoradiation (HR 2.34; 95% CI 1.12-4.90; p = 0.024) were predictors for permanent primary stoma. Local recurrence (HR 16.09; 95% CI 5.88-44.03; p < 0.001) and T4 disease (HR 11.28; 95% CI 2.99-42.49; p < 0.001) were predictors for permanent secondary stoma. The 5- and 10-year cumulative incidence for permanent stoma was 24.1 and 28.0%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Advanced disease, prior chemoradiation, anastomotic leakage and local recurrence predispose patients to permanent stoma should be taken into consideration when contemplating sphincter-preserving surgery.
Authors: Marcin Zeman; Marek Czarnecki; Andrzej Chmielarz; Adam Idasiak; Maciej Grajek; Agnieszka Czarniecka Journal: World J Surg Oncol Date: 2020-08-14 Impact factor: 2.754