James S Walter1,2, Joseph Posluszny1,3, Raymond Dieter1, Robert S Dieter4,5, Scott Sayers1,6, Kiratipath Iamsakul1, Christine Staunton1, Donald Thomas1,3, Mark Rabbat4,5, Sanjay Singh1. 1. a Research Services, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital , Hines , Illinois , USA. 2. d Urology Departments , Loyola University, Stritch School of Medicine , Maywood , Illinois , USA. 3. b Surgery Services, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital , Hines , Illinois , USA. 4. c Cardiology Services, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital , Hines , Illinois , USA. 5. e Cardiology Departments , Loyola University, Stritch School of Medicine , Maywood , Illinois , USA. 6. f Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Departments , Loyola University, Stritch School of Medicine , Maywood , Illinois , USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To optimize maximal respiratory responses with surface stimulation over abdominal and upper thorax muscles and using a 12-Channel Neuroprosthetic Platform. METHODS: Following instrumentation, six anesthetized adult canines were hyperventilated sufficiently to produce respiratory apnea. Six abdominal tests optimized electrode arrangements and stimulation parameters using bipolar sets of 4.5 cm square electrodes. Tests in the upper thorax optimized electrode locations, and forelimb moment was limited to slight-to-moderate. During combined muscle stimulation tests, the upper thoracic was followed immediately by abdominal stimulation. Finally, a model of glottal closure for cough was conducted with the goal of increased peak expiratory flow. RESULTS: Optimized stimulation of abdominal muscles included three sets of bilateral surface electrodes located 4.5 cm dorsal to the lateral line and from the 8th intercostal space to caudal to the 13th rib, 80 or 100 mA current, and 50 Hz stimulation frequency. The maximal expired volume was 343 ± 23 ml (n=3). Optimized upper thorax stimulation included a single bilateral set of electrodes located over the 2nd interspace, 60 to 80 mA, and 50 Hz. The maximal inspired volume was 304 ± 54 ml (n=4). Sequential stimulation of the two muscles increased the volume to 600 ± 152 ml (n=2), and the glottal closure maneuver increased the flow. CONCLUSIONS: Studies in an adult canine model identified optimal surface stimulation methods for upper thorax and abdominal muscles to induce sufficient volumes for ventilation and cough. Further study with this neuroprosthetic platform is warranted.
OBJECTIVE: To optimize maximal respiratory responses with surface stimulation over abdominal and upper thorax muscles and using a 12-Channel Neuroprosthetic Platform. METHODS: Following instrumentation, six anesthetized adult canines were hyperventilated sufficiently to produce respiratory apnea. Six abdominal tests optimized electrode arrangements and stimulation parameters using bipolar sets of 4.5 cm square electrodes. Tests in the upper thorax optimized electrode locations, and forelimb moment was limited to slight-to-moderate. During combined muscle stimulation tests, the upper thoracic was followed immediately by abdominal stimulation. Finally, a model of glottal closure for cough was conducted with the goal of increased peak expiratory flow. RESULTS: Optimized stimulation of abdominal muscles included three sets of bilateral surface electrodes located 4.5 cm dorsal to the lateral line and from the 8th intercostal space to caudal to the 13th rib, 80 or 100 mA current, and 50 Hz stimulation frequency. The maximal expired volume was 343 ± 23 ml (n=3). Optimized upper thorax stimulation included a single bilateral set of electrodes located over the 2nd interspace, 60 to 80 mA, and 50 Hz. The maximal inspired volume was 304 ± 54 ml (n=4). Sequential stimulation of the two muscles increased the volume to 600 ± 152 ml (n=2), and the glottal closure maneuver increased the flow. CONCLUSIONS: Studies in an adult canine model identified optimal surface stimulation methods for upper thorax and abdominal muscles to induce sufficient volumes for ventilation and cough. Further study with this neuroprosthetic platform is warranted.
Authors: Chester H Ho; Ronald J Triolo; Anastasia L Elias; Kevin L Kilgore; Anthony F DiMarco; Kath Bogie; Albert H Vette; Musa L Audu; Rudi Kobetic; Sarah R Chang; K Ming Chan; Sean Dukelow; Dennis J Bourbeau; Steven W Brose; Kenneth J Gustafson; Zelma H T Kiss; Vivian K Mushahwar Journal: Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am Date: 2014-08 Impact factor: 1.784
Authors: Anthony F DiMarco; Raymond P Onders; Anthony Ignagni; Krzysztof E Kowalski; J Thomas Mortimer Journal: Chest Date: 2005-02 Impact factor: 9.410
Authors: William A Bauman; Mark A Korsten; Miroslav Radulovic; Gregory J Schilero; Jill M Wecht; Ann M Spungen Journal: Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil Date: 2012
Authors: Anthony F DiMarco; Krzysztof E Kowalski; Robert T Geertman; Dana R Hromyak; Fredrick S Frost; Graham H Creasey; Gregory A Nemunaitis Journal: Arch Phys Med Rehabil Date: 2009-05 Impact factor: 3.966