Petri Wiklund1,2,3,4, Timo Törmäkangas1,2, Yi Shi5, Na Wu1, Aki Vainionpää6, Markku Alen6, Sulin Cheng1,2,5. 1. Exercise, Health, and Technology Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. 2. Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland. 3. Center for Life Course Health Research and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland. 4. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK. 5. The Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. 6. Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To study whether normal-weight obesity in childhood is associated with increased cardiometabolic risk in early adulthood. METHODS: This study assessed data for 236 girls followed from prepuberty to early adulthood. Growth chart data were obtained from birth to 18 years. Body composition was assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and cardiometabolic risk by calculating continuous clustered risk score (at ages 11, 14, and 18). The association of body weight status with cardiometabolic risk from childhood to early adulthood was examined. RESULTS: Subjects with normal-weight obesity were virtually indistinguishable from their normal-weight lean peers in terms of relative body weight and BMI but had significantly higher fat mass (7.1-7.3 kg) and cardiometabolic risk already in childhood, and this difference persisted into early adulthood (P < 0.001 for all). CONCLUSIONS: Children and adolescents with normal body weight and high body fat percentage may be at increased risk for cardiometabolic morbidity in adulthood. Body fatness may be of utility in clinical practice to effectively identify children and adolescents at risk and to permit recommendation of lifestyle changes that could translate to lower risks of cardiovascular diseases in the future.
OBJECTIVE: To study whether normal-weight obesity in childhood is associated with increased cardiometabolic risk in early adulthood. METHODS: This study assessed data for 236 girls followed from prepuberty to early adulthood. Growth chart data were obtained from birth to 18 years. Body composition was assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and cardiometabolic risk by calculating continuous clustered risk score (at ages 11, 14, and 18). The association of body weight status with cardiometabolic risk from childhood to early adulthood was examined. RESULTS: Subjects with normal-weight obesity were virtually indistinguishable from their normal-weight lean peers in terms of relative body weight and BMI but had significantly higher fat mass (7.1-7.3 kg) and cardiometabolic risk already in childhood, and this difference persisted into early adulthood (P < 0.001 for all). CONCLUSIONS:Children and adolescents with normal body weight and high body fat percentage may be at increased risk for cardiometabolic morbidity in adulthood. Body fatness may be of utility in clinical practice to effectively identify children and adolescents at risk and to permit recommendation of lifestyle changes that could translate to lower risks of cardiovascular diseases in the future.
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