Yi Zhang1, Xiaoyang Liu1,2, Jinyuan Zhou1,3, Paul A Bottomley1. 1. Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. 2. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. 3. F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To dramatically accelerate compartmental-average longitudinal (T1 ) and transverse (T2 ) relaxation measurements using the minimal-acquisition linear algebraic modeling (SLAM) method, and to validate it in phantoms and humans. METHODS: Relaxation times were imaged at 3 Tesla in phantoms, in the abdomens of six volunteers, and in six brain tumor patients using standard inversion recovery and multi-spin-echo sequences. k-space was fully sampled to provide reference T1 and T2 measurements, and SLAM was performed using a limited set of phase encodes from central k-space. Anatomical compartments were segmented on scout images post-acquisition, and SLAM reconstruction was implemented using two algorithms. Compartment-average T1 and T2 measurements were determined retroactively from fully sampled data sets, and proactively from SLAM data sets at acceleration factors of up to 16. Values were compared with reference measurements. The compartment's localization properties were analyzed using the discrete spatial response function. RESULTS: At 16-fold acceleration, compartment-average SLAM T1 measurements agreed with the full k-space compartment-average results to within 0.0% ± 0.7%, 1.4% ± 3.4%, and 0.5% ± 2.9% for phantom, abdominal, and brain T1 measurements, respectively. The corresponding T2 measurements agreed within 0.2% ± 1.9%, 0.9% ± 7.9%, and 0.4% ± 5.8%, respectively. CONCLUSION: SLAM can dramatically accelerate relaxation time measurements when compartmental or lesion-average values can suffice, or when standard relaxometry is precluded by scan-time limitations. Magn Reson Med 79:286-297, 2018.
PURPOSE: To dramatically accelerate compartmental-average longitudinal (T1 ) and transverse (T2 ) relaxation measurements using the minimal-acquisition linear algebraic modeling (SLAM) method, and to validate it in phantoms and humans. METHODS: Relaxation times were imaged at 3 Tesla in phantoms, in the abdomens of six volunteers, and in six brain tumorpatients using standard inversion recovery and multi-spin-echo sequences. k-space was fully sampled to provide reference T1 and T2 measurements, and SLAM was performed using a limited set of phase encodes from central k-space. Anatomical compartments were segmented on scout images post-acquisition, and SLAM reconstruction was implemented using two algorithms. Compartment-average T1 and T2 measurements were determined retroactively from fully sampled data sets, and proactively from SLAM data sets at acceleration factors of up to 16. Values were compared with reference measurements. The compartment's localization properties were analyzed using the discrete spatial response function. RESULTS: At 16-fold acceleration, compartment-average SLAM T1 measurements agreed with the full k-space compartment-average results to within 0.0% ± 0.7%, 1.4% ± 3.4%, and 0.5% ± 2.9% for phantom, abdominal, and brain T1 measurements, respectively. The corresponding T2 measurements agreed within 0.2% ± 1.9%, 0.9% ± 7.9%, and 0.4% ± 5.8%, respectively. CONCLUSION:SLAM can dramatically accelerate relaxation time measurements when compartmental or lesion-average values can suffice, or when standard relaxometry is precluded by scan-time limitations. Magn Reson Med 79:286-297, 2018.
Keywords:
abdomen, brain tumors; discrete spatial response function (dSRF); fast imaging; relaxation times (T1 and T2); spectroscopy with linear algebraic modeling (SLAM)
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