Literature DB >> 28217338

5-Amino-1-(2',3'-O-iso-propyl-idene-d-ribit-yl)-1H-imidazole-4-carboxamide: a crystal structure with Z' = 4.

Vincenzo Piccialli1, Nicola Borbone2, Giorgia Oliviero2, Gennaro Piccialli2, Stefano D'Errico2, Roberto Centore1.   

Abstract

The title compound, C12H20N4O5, crystallizes in the monoclinic space group n class="Gene">P21, with four crystallographically independent mol-ecules in the asymmetric unit. The four mol-ecules have a very similar conformation that is basically determined by the formation of two intra-molecular hydrogen bonds between the amino NH2 donors and the carbonyl and ring O-atom acceptors, forming, respectively, R(6) and R(7) ring motifs.. In the crystal, inter-molecular hydrogen bonding leads to the formation of R22(10) ring patterns, involving one amide CONH2 donor and an imidazole N-atom acceptor. The cluster of the four independent mol-ecules has approximate non-crystallographic C2 point symmetry. The structural analysis also shows that during the synthesis of the title compound, the reductive cleavage of the d-ribose ring of the inosine precursor proceeds stereoselectively, with retention of configuration.

Entities:  

Keywords:  crystal structure; high Z′ structures; hydrogen bonding; nucleosides

Year:  2017        PMID: 28217338      PMCID: PMC5290561          DOI: 10.1107/S2056989017000500

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun


Chemical context

Our group has long been involved into the synthesis of new heterocyclic compounds (Piccialli et al., 2007 ▸, 2013 ▸; Centore et al., 2013 ▸) including novel bioactive nucleoside and nucleotide analogues (Galeone et al., 2002 ▸). The latter are synthetic compounds that have been developed to mimic their n class="Gene">natural counterparts (Jordheim, et al., 2013 ▸). Several nucleoside and nucleotide analogues have been approved by the FDA for viral and cancer diseases and others have entered clinical trials. Therefore, the synthesis of new nucleoside analogues with potential biological activities (D’Atri et al., 2012 ▸) continues to be a keen research field. Recent efforts from our group in this field have been directed to the synthesis of sugar and/or base-modified nucleosides (D’Errico et al., 2012a ▸; de Champdorè et al., 2004 ▸) and nucleotides, mixing the principles of combinatorial chemistry with those of high-throughput screening. Within this framework, we have pioneered the development of a synthetic solid-phase strategy (Oliviero et al., 2007 ▸, 2008 ▸, 2010a ▸,b ▸; D’Errico et al., 2011 ▸, 2015 ▸) that has also allowed us to synthesize N-1 alkyl inosines and 5-amino­imidazole-4-carboxamide riboside (AICAR) analogues (D’Errico et al., 2012b ▸), starting from cheap inosine. AICAR is a purine biosynthetic precursor that acts as a modulator of a number of biological properties. Once in the cells, AICAR is 5′-phospho­rylated to ZMP, a mimic of adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP). The direct binding of ZMP to an allosteric site of AMPK causes its phospho­rylation and activation by a cellular kinase, resulting in a series of important metabolic events, including the inhibition of the basal and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, the inhibition of lipid synthesis and the activation of certain ATP-generating processes such as glycolysis and fatty acid oxidation. Nevertheless, AICAR is far from being a good drug lead-compound because it has a short half-life in cells and is not strictly specific for the AMPK enzyme. The discovery of the anti­viral activity of a­cyclo­vir and acyclic nucleoside phospho­nates has suggested that the replacement of the furan­ose ring with a hy­droxy­lated alkyl chain could induce new biological activities. Based on these precedents, we have recently reported the synthesis of a small collection of 5-amino­imidazole-4-carboxamides carrying a d-ribityl chain at the N1-imidazole position, including the title compound (D’Errico et al., 2013 ▸). The present X-ray diffraction study was undertaken in order to confirm the structure of the title compound, 5-amino-1-(2′,3′-O-iso­propyl­idene-d-ribit­yl)-1-H-imidazole-4-carboxn class="Chemical">amide, a precursor of the new sugar-modified AICAR.

Structural commentary

The asymmetric unit of the title compound contains four independent mol­ecules with identical configuration (Z′ = 4). The mol­ecular structure of one mol­ecule (A) is shown in Fig. 1 ▸ as an example. The mol­ecular conformation is basically determined by the formation of two intra­molecular n class="Chemical">hydrogen bonds (Table 1 ▸) between the amino NH2 donors and, respectively, the carbonyl (O5) and the ring (O1) acceptors, which form, respectively, R(6) and R(7) ring motifs. The formation of the intra­molecular hydrogen bonds is possible because of the pyramidal geometry of the N atom; the sums of valence angles around atoms N3A, N3B, N3C and N3D are, respectively, 336, 339, 334 and 337°.
Figure 1

A view of the mol­ecular structure of one of the four crystallographically independent mol­ecules (A) of the title compound. Displacement ellipsoids are drawn at the 30% probability level. Intra­molecular hydrogen bonds are represented by dashed lines (see Table 1 ▸).

Table 1

Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, °)

D—H⋯A D—HH⋯A DA D—H⋯A
N3A—H3NA⋯O5A 0.89 (4)2.32 (4)2.945 (4)127 (3)
N3A—H6NA⋯O1A 0.89 (4)2.66 (4)3.250 (4)125 (3)
N4A—H4NA⋯O3A i 0.92 (4)2.05 (4)2.973 (3)178 (3)
N4A—H5NA⋯N2C 0.91 (4)2.23 (4)3.064 (4)153 (3)
O3A—H3AO⋯O4C ii 0.79 (4)2.05 (4)2.831 (3)170 (4)
O4A—H4AO⋯O5A iii 0.80 (4)2.01 (4)2.798 (3)166 (4)
N3B—H3NB⋯O1B 0.89 (3)2.35 (3)3.037 (3)133 (3)
N3B—H6NB⋯O5B 0.95 (4)2.39 (3)2.977 (3)120 (3)
N3B—H6NB⋯O5D iv 0.95 (4)2.52 (4)3.196 (4)129 (3)
N4B—H4NB⋯O3B iii 0.89 (4)2.03 (4)2.901 (3)170 (3)
N4B—H5NB⋯N2D iii 0.85 (4)2.16 (4)2.920 (4)150 (3)
O3B—H3BO⋯N3C v 0.87 (3)1.98 (4)2.838 (4)168 (3)
O4B—H4BO⋯O5B i 0.91 (4)1.81 (4)2.715 (3)170 (3)
N3C—H3NC⋯O1C 0.87 (4)2.48 (4)3.152 (4)134 (3)
N3C—H6NC⋯O5C 0.90 (4)2.21 (3)2.874 (3)130 (3)
N4C—H4NC⋯N2A 0.86 (4)2.14 (4)2.934 (4)154 (3)
N4C—H5NC⋯O3C iii 0.84 (4)2.12 (4)2.959 (3)176 (4)
O3C—H3CO⋯O5B vi 0.80 (4)2.03 (4)2.823 (3)173 (3)
O4C—H4CO⋯O5C i 0.80 (4)1.97 (4)2.738 (3)162 (4)
N3D—H6ND⋯N4C vii 0.92 (4)2.62 (4)3.268 (4)128 (3)
N3D—H6ND⋯O5D 0.92 (4)2.36 (4)2.972 (4)124 (3)
N4D—H4ND⋯N2B i 0.89 (4)2.26 (4)3.075 (4)153 (3)
N4D—H5ND⋯O3D i 0.87 (4)2.09 (4)2.957 (3)176 (3)
O3D—H3DO⋯O4B viii 0.90 (4)1.82 (4)2.711 (3)171 (3)
O4D—H4DO⋯O5D iii 0.79 (3)2.06 (3)2.822 (3)164 (4)

Symmetry codes: (i) ; (ii) ; (iii) ; (iv) ; (v) ; (vi) ; (vii) ; (viii) .

The title compound was obtained starting from commercial 2′,3′-O-iso­propyl­idene n class="Chemical">inosine (compound 1 of Fig. 2 ▸) through a synthetic route involving four steps. In the first step [(i) of Fig. 2 ▸], the ribose ring is opened by reductive cleavage of the C1′—O4′ bond of 2′,3′-O-iso­propyl­idene inosine. The configuration of atom C4′ (C6A in Fig. 1) ▸ in the title compound is R and this confirms the stereoselectivity of the reductive ribose opening.
Figure 2

Scheme of the synthesis of the title compound. Reagents and conditions: (i) diiso­butyl­aluminium hydride (DIBAL-H), THF, 24 h, room temperature; (ii) Ac2O, py, 16 h, room temperature; (iii) K2CO3, 2,4-di­nitro­chloro­benzene (DNClB), DMF, 3 h, 353 K; (iv) Ethyl­enedi­amine (EDA), DMF, 323 K, 16 h.

The four independent mol­ecules have a similar conformation. This can be inferred from Fig. 3 ▸, in which they are overlayed, and from Table 2 ▸ in which some parameters of the Hirshfeld surface of the four mol­ecules are presented (Spackman & McKinnon, 2002 ▸).
Figure 3

Overlay of the four crystallographically independent mol­ecules (A, B, C and D) of the title compound, viewed in two different orientations.

Table 2

Parameters (Å2, Å3) of the Hirshfeld surface of the four crystallographically independent mol­ecules A, B, C and D)

Mol­eculeVolumeAreaGlobularityAsphericity
A 356.33322.480.7540.144
B 348.71318.700.7520.142
C 349.46317.260.7560.144
D 355.80323.520.7510.141

Hirshfeld surface analysis was performed using the program CrystalExplorer (Wolff et al. 2012 ▸).

Supra­molecular features

In the crystal of the title compound, the cluster of the four crystallographically independent mol­ecules (A, B, C, D) has approximate non-crystallographic C 2 point symmetry, around a direction parallel to /2 + , see Fig. 4 ▸ a. Actually, the presence of non-crystallographic, local symmetry, is not uncommon in high Z′ structures (Brock, 2016 ▸). Mol­ecules are held in the crystal through a complex pattern of hydrogen bonds (Table 1 ▸). In particular, the independent mol­ecules A and C are n class="Chemical">hydrogen bonded through an (10) ring pattern, involving one amido CONH2 donor and the imidazole N acceptor (Table 1 ▸ and Fig. 4 ▸ b). An analogous pattern is formed between mol­ecules B and D. As is evident from Fig. 4 ▸ a, in the cluster of four independent mol­ecules, the pair of mol­ecules (A and C) that are bonded through the (10) ring pattern produce a hollow in which the methyl groups of the other pair (B and D) are fitted.
Figure 4

(a) The cluster formed by the four crystallographically independent mol­ecules (A, B, C and D) of the title compound. Hydrogen bonds are represented by dashed lines (see Table 1 ▸). (b) The pair of independent mol­ecules, A and B, with indication of some hydrogen-bonding patterns (dashed lines; see Table 1 ▸).

Hirshfeld surface analysis

In order to assess possible packing differences involving the four independent mol­ecules, we have examined their Hirshfeld surfaces (Spackman & McKinnon, 2002 ▸). The Hirshfeld fingerprint plots of the four independent mol­ecules are illustrated in Fig. 5 ▸. The fingerprint plot is a graphical two-dimensional map that indicates the distribution of the inter­actions for a single mol­ecule in the crystal (Spackman & McKinnon, 2002 ▸). In the plot, for each point of the Hirshfeld surface enveloping the mol­ecule in the crystal, the distance d to the nearest atom inside the surface and the distance d to the nearest atom outside the surface are reported. The colour of each point in the plot is related to the abundance of that inter­action, from blue (low) to green (high) to red (very high). A distinctive feature of each plot of Fig. 5 ▸ is represented by the two spikes at d + d = 1.8 Å, pointing to the lower left of the plots and symmetrically disposed with respect to the diagonal. They correspond to the strong hydrogen bonds present in the crystal packing. Another common feature is the sting along the diagonal, at d = d = 1.05 Å, which reflects points on the Hirshfeld surface that involve nearly head-to-head H⋯H contacts. Although none of the four plots of Fig. 5 ▸ is superimposable on the others, they all look very similar, thus indicating that the packing around each mol­ecule is similar.
Figure 5

Hirshfeld fingerprint plots of the four crystallographically independent mol­ecules (A, B, C and D) of the title compound.

Database survey

A search of the Cambridge Structural Database (Groom et al., 2016 ▸; WebCSD v1.1.2, last update 2016-12-21) gave no match for the title compound and no match for the substructure formed by the 1-amino-(2′,3′-O-iso­propyl­idene-d-ribit­yl) moiety. On the other hand, for the substructure formed by the uncyclized d-ribityl moiety, nine hits were found (CSD refcodes: ADRBFT10, DIQVAA, JERHET, QQQAVY, QQQHCA, RBFLAV10, RBFLCU, RIBBAD, RIBHQn class="Chemical">N10). They all crystallized in chiral space groups (four in P21, three in P212121, one in C2 and one in P1). Only in two cases (both in space group P21) was Z′ > 1 and, in particular, it was Z′ = 2. If the filters of three-dimensional coordinates and an R factor ≤ 7% are applied, only three hits still hold: DIQVAA (P21), JERHET (P21) and RBFLAV10 (P212121).

Synthesis and crystallization

The title compound, was synthesized starting from 2′,3′-O- iso­propyl­idene n class="Chemical">inosine (1 in Fig. 1 ▸), as described recently (D’Errico et al., 2013 ▸). In particular, compound 3 (0.18 mmol) was dissolved in DMF (2.0 ml) and then ethyl­ene di­amine (EDA, 3.6 mmol) was added. The mixture was stirred at 323 K for 16 h (TLC monitoring: CHCl3/MeOH, 8:2) and then the solvents were removed under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by silica gel column chromatography, eluting with increasing amounts of MeOH in CHCl3 (from 0 to 10%). The fractions containing the title compound were collected and solvents evaporated under reduced pressure. The obtained pale-yellow amorphous solid (71% yield) was dissolved in the minimal amount of CH3OH and left to slowly evaporate at 277 K, to give pale-yellow prismatic crystals.

Refinement

Crystal data, data collection and structure refinement details are summarized in Table 3 ▸. The H atoms bonded to O and n class="Disease">N atoms were located in difference Fourier maps and their coordinates were refined. The C-bound H atoms were included in calculated positions and refined as riding atoms: with C—H = 0.96–0.98 Å. For all H atoms, U iso = 1.2U eq of the carrier atom was assumed (1.5 in the case of the H atoms of methyl groups).
Table 3

Experimental details

Crystal data
Chemical formulaC12H20N4O5
M r 300.32
Crystal system, space groupMonoclinic, P21
Temperature (K)293
a, b, c (Å)11.627 (4), 18.929 (4), 13.085 (3)
β (°)93.67 (2)
V3)2873.9 (13)
Z 8
Radiation typeMo Kα
μ (mm−1)0.11
Crystal size (mm)0.40 × 0.25 × 0.25
 
Data collection
DiffractometerBruker–Nonius KappaCCD
Absorption correctionMulti-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2001)
T min, T max 0.945, 0.961
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections21683, 11330, 9391
R int 0.030
(sin θ/λ)max−1)0.650
 
Refinement
R[F 2 > 2σ(F 2)], wR(F 2), S 0.039, 0.087, 1.06
No. of reflections11330
No. of parameters838
No. of restraints1
H-atom treatmentH atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3)0.21, −0.24
Absolute structureFlack x determined using 3518 quotients [(I +)−(I )]/[(I +)+(I )] (Parsons et al., 2013)
Absolute structure parameter0.1 (3)

Computer programs: COLLECT (Nonius, 1999 ▸), DIRAX/LSQ (Duisenberg et al., 2000 ▸), EVALCCD (Duisenberg et al., 2003 ▸), SIR97 (Altomare et al., 1999 ▸), SHELXL2016 (Sheldrick, 2015 ▸), ORTEP-3 for Windows and WinGX (Farrugia, 2012 ▸) and Mercury (Macrae et al., 2008 ▸).

Crystal structure: contains datablock(s) global, I. DOI: 10.1107/S2056989017000500/su5343sup1.cif Structure factors: contains datablock(s) I. DOI: 10.1107/S2056989017000500/su5343Isup2.hkl CCDC reference: 1526562 Additional supporting information: crystallographic information; 3D view; checkCIF report
C12H20N4O5F(000) = 1280
Mr = 300.32Dx = 1.388 Mg m3
Monoclinic, P21Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å
a = 11.627 (4) ÅCell parameters from 93 reflections
b = 18.929 (4) Åθ = 2.7–23.4°
c = 13.085 (3) ŵ = 0.11 mm1
β = 93.67 (2)°T = 293 K
V = 2873.9 (13) Å3Prism, pale yellow
Z = 80.40 × 0.25 × 0.25 mm
Bruker–Nonius KappaCCD diffractometer11330 independent reflections
Radiation source: normal-focus sealed tube9391 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Graphite monochromatorRint = 0.030
Detector resolution: 9 pixels mm-1θmax = 27.5°, θmin = 3.1°
CCD rotation images, thick slices scansh = −14→15
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2001)k = −24→22
Tmin = 0.945, Tmax = 0.961l = −15→16
21683 measured reflections
Refinement on F2Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map
Least-squares matrix: fullHydrogen site location: mixed
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.039H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement
wR(F2) = 0.087w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0372P)2 + 0.3518P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3
S = 1.06(Δ/σ)max < 0.001
11330 reflectionsΔρmax = 0.21 e Å3
838 parametersΔρmin = −0.24 e Å3
1 restraintAbsolute structure: Flack x determined using 3518 quotients [(I+)-(I-)]/[(I+)+(I-)] (Parsons et al., 2013)
Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methodsAbsolute structure parameter: 0.1 (3)
Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes.
xyzUiso*/Ueq
C1A0.4499 (2)0.10494 (19)0.8668 (2)0.0385 (7)
C2A0.4978 (3)0.1789 (2)0.8642 (3)0.0571 (10)
H2A10.5753350.1791820.8941360.086*
H2A20.4510410.2098920.9023010.086*
H2A30.4973750.1948530.7945160.086*
C3A0.4644 (4)0.0711 (3)0.9697 (3)0.0666 (12)
H3A10.4320810.0243880.9664230.100*
H3A20.4256270.0987701.0184270.100*
H3A30.5449780.0681870.9906390.100*
C4A0.4311 (2)0.06262 (17)0.7036 (2)0.0293 (6)
H4A0.4450380.1069560.6677610.035*
C5A0.3109 (2)0.06458 (16)0.7440 (2)0.0298 (6)
H5A0.2588480.0896540.6945820.036*
C6A0.2590 (2)−0.00699 (17)0.7667 (2)0.0302 (6)
H6A0.319112−0.0382520.7970120.036*
C7A0.1629 (2)0.00012 (18)0.8393 (2)0.0387 (7)
H7A10.1943680.0193800.9038600.046*
H7A20.1058990.0332010.8105260.046*
C8A0.4623 (2)0.00136 (18)0.6370 (2)0.0331 (7)
H8A10.445951−0.0427900.6707920.040*
H8A20.4163910.0030800.5725100.040*
C9A0.6330 (2)0.04647 (18)0.5475 (2)0.0346 (7)
H9A0.5909440.0753090.5012330.042*
C10A0.6729 (2)−0.02857 (17)0.6727 (2)0.0304 (6)
C11A0.7716 (2)−0.00571 (16)0.6308 (2)0.0296 (6)
C12A0.8881 (2)−0.02684 (17)0.6631 (2)0.0311 (7)
N1A0.58465 (18)0.00469 (14)0.61784 (18)0.0316 (6)
N2A0.74518 (18)0.04130 (14)0.55249 (19)0.0338 (6)
N3A0.6553 (3)−0.07792 (17)0.7459 (2)0.0467 (7)
H3NA0.721 (3)−0.091 (2)0.780 (3)0.056*
H6NA0.603 (3)−0.066 (2)0.790 (3)0.056*
N4A0.9726 (2)0.00707 (17)0.6193 (2)0.0397 (7)
H4NA1.047 (3)−0.0066 (19)0.636 (3)0.048*
H5NA0.958 (3)0.038 (2)0.567 (3)0.048*
O1A0.50240 (15)0.06020 (12)0.79547 (15)0.0346 (5)
O2A0.32999 (16)0.10699 (12)0.83281 (16)0.0398 (5)
O3A0.21584 (17)−0.03486 (13)0.67078 (17)0.0368 (5)
H3AO0.241 (3)−0.073 (2)0.663 (3)0.044*
O4A0.10827 (18)−0.06497 (14)0.8579 (2)0.0475 (6)
H4AO0.058 (3)−0.069 (2)0.813 (3)0.057*
O5A0.90664 (16)−0.07293 (12)0.72975 (18)0.0415 (5)
C1B0.8545 (2)0.12784 (18)0.8964 (2)0.0347 (7)
C2B0.8112 (3)0.1470 (2)0.7896 (3)0.0528 (9)
H2B10.7324250.1323450.7782650.079*
H2B20.8573290.1238230.7413880.079*
H2B30.8162540.1972750.7807240.079*
C3B0.8344 (4)0.0528 (2)0.9203 (3)0.0719 (13)
H3B10.8639320.0429530.9890450.108*
H3B20.8730140.0235200.8733780.108*
H3B30.7532020.0431480.9141040.108*
C4B0.9924 (2)0.20415 (18)0.9727 (2)0.0321 (7)
H4B1.0363730.2388840.9356590.039*
C5B0.8700 (2)0.23281 (16)0.9824 (2)0.0289 (6)
H5B0.8501090.2647220.9249450.035*
C6B1.0590 (2)0.18687 (16)1.0732 (2)0.0295 (6)
H6B1.0068880.1653431.1202760.035*
C7B1.1590 (2)0.13783 (18)1.0591 (2)0.0368 (7)
H7B11.1307510.0943301.0273690.044*
H7B21.2115370.1596741.0139410.044*
C8B0.8436 (2)0.26854 (17)1.0808 (2)0.0307 (6)
H8B10.8662280.2379401.1380310.037*
H8B20.8878560.3118791.0883990.037*
C9B0.6687 (2)0.34498 (17)1.0474 (2)0.0362 (7)
H9B0.7075780.3823211.0188510.043*
C10B0.6377 (2)0.24188 (16)1.1177 (2)0.0267 (6)
C11B0.5373 (2)0.28025 (16)1.1038 (2)0.0282 (6)
C12B0.4237 (2)0.25680 (17)1.1263 (2)0.0287 (6)
N1B0.72083 (17)0.28476 (13)1.08206 (18)0.0292 (5)
N2B0.55807 (19)0.34474 (14)1.0585 (2)0.0363 (6)
N3B0.6610 (2)0.17694 (15)1.1577 (2)0.0364 (6)
H3NB0.713 (3)0.152 (2)1.125 (3)0.044*
H6NB0.596 (3)0.148 (2)1.168 (2)0.044*
N4B0.3352 (2)0.29355 (16)1.0870 (2)0.0374 (7)
H4NB0.266 (3)0.2772 (19)1.100 (2)0.045*
H5NB0.343 (3)0.331 (2)1.052 (3)0.045*
O1B0.80252 (15)0.17051 (11)0.97070 (15)0.0335 (5)
O2B0.97407 (18)0.14387 (15)0.9101 (2)0.0589 (8)
O3B1.09799 (15)0.25348 (11)1.11297 (17)0.0314 (5)
H3BO1.105 (3)0.2541 (19)1.180 (3)0.038*
O4B1.21881 (17)0.12216 (12)1.15462 (17)0.0399 (5)
H4BO1.279 (3)0.153 (2)1.160 (3)0.048*
O5B0.41145 (15)0.20287 (12)1.18070 (16)0.0358 (5)
C1C1.3293 (2)0.31702 (17)0.6014 (2)0.0326 (7)
C2C1.2971 (3)0.2956 (2)0.7064 (3)0.0478 (9)
H2C11.2207940.3122000.7171520.072*
H2C21.3507330.3159890.7568970.072*
H2C31.2992560.2451000.7120970.072*
C3C1.3097 (4)0.3939 (2)0.5819 (3)0.0616 (10)
H3C11.3303610.4053450.5139940.092*
H3C21.3562900.4209720.6308540.092*
H3C31.2298840.4048560.5883730.092*
C4C1.4572 (2)0.24411 (17)0.5198 (2)0.0306 (6)
H4C1.5072030.2075390.5517380.037*
C5C1.3333 (2)0.21551 (16)0.5076 (2)0.0274 (6)
H5C1.3216980.1821620.5633340.033*
C6C1.5083 (2)0.26831 (16)0.4210 (2)0.0281 (6)
H6C1.4500990.2938880.3780660.034*
C7C1.6126 (2)0.31482 (18)0.4441 (2)0.0363 (7)
H7C11.5898740.3561040.4817890.044*
H7C21.6693280.2890620.4869740.044*
C8C1.2928 (2)0.18192 (17)0.4079 (2)0.0312 (7)
H8C11.3047230.2142660.3520520.037*
H8C21.3371920.1394780.3972190.037*
C9C1.1244 (2)0.10359 (17)0.4449 (2)0.0341 (7)
H9C1.1682110.0662320.4723040.041*
C10C1.0799 (2)0.20609 (16)0.3757 (2)0.0265 (6)
C11C0.9828 (2)0.16832 (16)0.3938 (2)0.0275 (6)
C12C0.8653 (2)0.19404 (17)0.3728 (2)0.0284 (6)
N1C1.17044 (17)0.16400 (13)0.40830 (18)0.0287 (5)
N2C1.01193 (18)0.10398 (14)0.4372 (2)0.0349 (6)
N3C1.0940 (2)0.27011 (15)0.3283 (2)0.0343 (6)
H3NC1.147 (3)0.295 (2)0.361 (3)0.041*
H6NC1.026 (3)0.2926 (19)0.320 (3)0.041*
N4C0.7807 (2)0.15465 (17)0.4048 (2)0.0371 (6)
H4NC0.794 (3)0.119 (2)0.445 (3)0.044*
H5NC0.712 (3)0.1667 (19)0.394 (3)0.044*
O1C1.26738 (15)0.27748 (11)0.52323 (14)0.0321 (5)
O2C1.44747 (17)0.30005 (15)0.59017 (18)0.0517 (7)
O3C1.54041 (15)0.20510 (12)0.37092 (16)0.0314 (5)
H3CO1.508 (3)0.202 (2)0.315 (3)0.038*
O4C1.66330 (18)0.33696 (13)0.35309 (18)0.0408 (6)
H4CO1.706 (3)0.305 (2)0.343 (3)0.049*
O5C0.84870 (16)0.25104 (12)0.32754 (16)0.0370 (5)
C1D0.9304 (2)0.34582 (18)0.6288 (2)0.0365 (7)
C2D0.9758 (3)0.2712 (2)0.6311 (3)0.0514 (9)
H2D11.0490440.2699860.6012240.077*
H2D20.9224550.2410580.5927500.077*
H2D30.9846960.2550650.7006770.077*
C3D0.9309 (3)0.3795 (3)0.5249 (3)0.0594 (10)
H3D10.9034720.4271540.5285580.089*
H3D20.8816770.3531550.4771110.089*
H3D31.0080470.3795450.5027040.089*
C4D0.8097 (2)0.38604 (16)0.7520 (2)0.0298 (6)
H4D0.7644690.3605250.8008420.036*
C5D0.9361 (2)0.38703 (17)0.7923 (2)0.0285 (6)
H5D0.9548390.3422670.8271220.034*
C6D0.7563 (2)0.45837 (16)0.7322 (2)0.0285 (6)
H6D0.8139510.4900260.7055060.034*
C7D0.6519 (2)0.45495 (18)0.6564 (2)0.0358 (7)
H7D10.6753800.4375770.5912270.043*
H7D20.5963250.4219230.6813270.043*
C8D0.9789 (2)0.44773 (17)0.8599 (2)0.0319 (7)
H8D10.9577470.4922730.8271780.038*
H8D20.9431460.4456030.9248220.038*
C9D1.1624 (2)0.40135 (18)0.9468 (2)0.0345 (7)
H9D1.1270800.3715850.9918860.041*
C10D1.1837 (2)0.47887 (16)0.8249 (2)0.0287 (6)
C11D1.2887 (2)0.45647 (16)0.8665 (2)0.0292 (6)
C12D1.4012 (2)0.47614 (16)0.8326 (2)0.0300 (6)
N1D1.10368 (18)0.44364 (14)0.87749 (18)0.0296 (5)
N2D1.27366 (18)0.40725 (14)0.94288 (19)0.0337 (6)
N3D1.1549 (2)0.52948 (17)0.7538 (2)0.0434 (7)
H3ND1.101 (3)0.517 (2)0.710 (3)0.052*
H6ND1.215 (3)0.546 (2)0.719 (3)0.052*
N4D1.4901 (2)0.43900 (16)0.8729 (2)0.0383 (7)
H4ND1.484 (3)0.410 (2)0.925 (3)0.046*
H5ND1.559 (3)0.454 (2)0.862 (3)0.046*
O1D0.99370 (15)0.39015 (12)0.69983 (15)0.0341 (5)
O2D0.81508 (16)0.34503 (12)0.66228 (17)0.0407 (5)
O3D0.72582 (16)0.48331 (12)0.82927 (15)0.0323 (5)
H3DO0.739 (3)0.530 (2)0.829 (3)0.039*
O4D0.59912 (19)0.52187 (13)0.64195 (19)0.0426 (6)
H4DO0.554 (3)0.528 (2)0.684 (3)0.040 (10)*
O5D1.41082 (16)0.52327 (12)0.76776 (16)0.0398 (5)
U11U22U33U12U13U23
C1A0.0323 (15)0.047 (2)0.0357 (18)0.0033 (14)−0.0020 (12)−0.0069 (15)
C2A0.0444 (19)0.052 (3)0.074 (3)−0.0073 (17)−0.0035 (17)−0.023 (2)
C3A0.069 (3)0.093 (4)0.037 (2)0.013 (2)−0.0004 (16)0.002 (2)
C4A0.0218 (12)0.0339 (18)0.0321 (16)0.0003 (11)0.0008 (10)0.0044 (13)
C5A0.0239 (13)0.0330 (18)0.0323 (16)0.0037 (12)0.0004 (10)0.0002 (13)
C6A0.0229 (12)0.0310 (18)0.0365 (16)0.0040 (11)0.0005 (10)−0.0031 (13)
C7A0.0320 (15)0.042 (2)0.0428 (18)−0.0028 (14)0.0083 (12)−0.0010 (15)
C8A0.0208 (12)0.043 (2)0.0364 (16)−0.0021 (12)0.0051 (11)−0.0032 (14)
C9A0.0265 (14)0.039 (2)0.0384 (17)0.0016 (12)0.0024 (11)0.0047 (14)
C10A0.0262 (13)0.0339 (18)0.0310 (16)0.0006 (12)0.0017 (11)−0.0015 (13)
C11A0.0263 (13)0.0273 (17)0.0352 (16)−0.0017 (11)0.0028 (11)−0.0005 (13)
C12A0.0284 (14)0.0283 (18)0.0363 (17)0.0019 (12)0.0006 (11)−0.0046 (14)
N1A0.0228 (11)0.0378 (16)0.0346 (13)−0.0016 (10)0.0039 (9)0.0014 (11)
N2A0.0257 (11)0.0371 (16)0.0388 (14)−0.0014 (10)0.0029 (9)0.0035 (12)
N3A0.0396 (15)0.052 (2)0.0491 (18)−0.0022 (13)0.0041 (13)0.0154 (15)
N4A0.0233 (12)0.0489 (19)0.0470 (17)0.0030 (12)0.0038 (11)0.0074 (14)
O1A0.0268 (10)0.0421 (14)0.0340 (11)0.0047 (8)−0.0053 (8)−0.0050 (10)
O2A0.0305 (10)0.0437 (15)0.0454 (13)0.0002 (9)0.0034 (8)−0.0168 (11)
O3A0.0259 (10)0.0373 (14)0.0467 (13)0.0042 (9)−0.0013 (8)−0.0116 (11)
O4A0.0326 (11)0.0525 (17)0.0572 (16)−0.0042 (11)0.0017 (10)0.0204 (13)
O5A0.0321 (11)0.0388 (14)0.0532 (14)0.0023 (9)−0.0007 (9)0.0085 (11)
C1B0.0330 (15)0.040 (2)0.0317 (17)−0.0031 (13)0.0040 (11)−0.0041 (14)
C2B0.061 (2)0.060 (3)0.036 (2)−0.0034 (19)−0.0016 (15)−0.0063 (18)
C3B0.119 (4)0.042 (3)0.058 (3)−0.005 (2)0.030 (2)−0.006 (2)
C4B0.0233 (12)0.0389 (19)0.0345 (17)0.0001 (12)0.0050 (11)−0.0013 (14)
C5B0.0222 (13)0.0328 (18)0.0314 (16)−0.0008 (11)0.0002 (10)0.0016 (12)
C6B0.0225 (12)0.0285 (17)0.0377 (16)−0.0012 (11)0.0040 (11)−0.0006 (13)
C7B0.0277 (14)0.0365 (19)0.0460 (19)0.0046 (12)0.0012 (12)−0.0029 (15)
C8B0.0179 (12)0.0331 (18)0.0407 (16)0.0017 (11)−0.0008 (10)−0.0063 (14)
C9B0.0256 (14)0.0318 (18)0.0510 (19)−0.0031 (12)0.0020 (12)0.0024 (15)
C10B0.0238 (12)0.0279 (17)0.0281 (15)−0.0013 (11)0.0003 (10)−0.0038 (12)
C11B0.0235 (13)0.0297 (17)0.0315 (15)−0.0017 (11)0.0011 (10)−0.0003 (13)
C12B0.0238 (12)0.0340 (18)0.0281 (15)−0.0022 (12)−0.0002 (10)−0.0043 (13)
N1B0.0207 (10)0.0285 (15)0.0384 (14)0.0009 (9)0.0009 (9)−0.0037 (11)
N2B0.0234 (11)0.0359 (16)0.0496 (16)0.0017 (10)0.0006 (10)0.0057 (13)
N3B0.0307 (13)0.0323 (17)0.0463 (16)0.0027 (11)0.0038 (11)0.0019 (13)
N4B0.0212 (12)0.0409 (18)0.0499 (17)−0.0006 (11)0.0020 (10)0.0123 (13)
O1B0.0311 (10)0.0354 (13)0.0348 (11)−0.0087 (9)0.0073 (8)−0.0068 (9)
O2B0.0325 (12)0.0735 (19)0.0694 (17)0.0105 (11)−0.0068 (10)−0.0422 (15)
O3B0.0263 (9)0.0347 (13)0.0331 (11)−0.0006 (8)0.0018 (8)−0.0042 (10)
O4B0.0298 (10)0.0345 (14)0.0546 (14)0.0009 (9)−0.0040 (9)0.0089 (11)
O5B0.0276 (9)0.0398 (14)0.0397 (12)−0.0025 (9)0.0001 (8)0.0077 (10)
C1C0.0314 (14)0.0380 (19)0.0286 (16)0.0002 (13)0.0033 (11)−0.0046 (14)
C2C0.0516 (19)0.054 (2)0.0383 (19)−0.0004 (16)0.0070 (14)−0.0019 (17)
C3C0.098 (3)0.040 (2)0.046 (2)−0.004 (2)−0.0083 (19)−0.0042 (19)
C4C0.0227 (12)0.0349 (18)0.0340 (16)0.0005 (12)−0.0004 (10)−0.0057 (13)
C5C0.0214 (12)0.0280 (16)0.0332 (16)0.0007 (11)0.0045 (10)0.0027 (12)
C6C0.0218 (12)0.0279 (16)0.0346 (15)0.0022 (11)0.0010 (10)−0.0027 (13)
C7C0.0323 (15)0.0350 (19)0.0416 (18)−0.0077 (13)0.0036 (12)−0.0020 (15)
C8C0.0195 (12)0.0332 (18)0.0417 (17)−0.0034 (11)0.0077 (11)−0.0074 (14)
C9C0.0264 (13)0.0317 (18)0.0441 (18)−0.0010 (12)0.0020 (11)0.0023 (14)
C10C0.0264 (12)0.0259 (16)0.0275 (15)−0.0012 (11)0.0035 (10)−0.0019 (12)
C11C0.0227 (12)0.0297 (17)0.0300 (15)−0.0008 (11)0.0012 (10)−0.0018 (12)
C12C0.0252 (13)0.0317 (18)0.0285 (15)0.0003 (11)0.0024 (10)−0.0026 (13)
N1C0.0206 (10)0.0290 (15)0.0369 (14)−0.0025 (9)0.0041 (9)−0.0045 (11)
N2C0.0247 (11)0.0326 (16)0.0476 (16)−0.0020 (10)0.0025 (10)0.0033 (12)
N3C0.0318 (12)0.0293 (15)0.0422 (15)−0.0037 (11)0.0068 (10)0.0006 (12)
N4C0.0220 (11)0.0400 (18)0.0494 (17)0.0021 (11)0.0030 (11)0.0129 (13)
O1C0.0252 (9)0.0371 (13)0.0338 (11)0.0045 (8)0.0002 (7)−0.0097 (10)
O2C0.0311 (11)0.0708 (19)0.0538 (15)−0.0093 (11)0.0077 (9)−0.0328 (13)
O3C0.0235 (9)0.0374 (13)0.0330 (11)0.0025 (8)−0.0010 (8)−0.0078 (10)
O4C0.0316 (11)0.0348 (14)0.0571 (14)−0.0018 (9)0.0117 (9)0.0072 (11)
O5C0.0297 (10)0.0379 (14)0.0435 (12)0.0012 (9)0.0038 (8)0.0063 (11)
C1D0.0310 (15)0.042 (2)0.0371 (17)−0.0042 (13)0.0047 (12)−0.0068 (15)
C2D0.0472 (19)0.045 (2)0.062 (2)0.0059 (16)0.0096 (16)−0.0112 (19)
C3D0.070 (2)0.067 (3)0.041 (2)−0.008 (2)0.0042 (16)0.003 (2)
C4D0.0234 (12)0.0316 (18)0.0345 (16)−0.0045 (12)0.0038 (10)−0.0010 (13)
C5D0.0237 (12)0.0291 (17)0.0328 (16)0.0016 (11)0.0037 (10)0.0037 (13)
C6D0.0208 (12)0.0315 (17)0.0331 (15)−0.0013 (11)0.0016 (10)0.0018 (13)
C7D0.0294 (14)0.041 (2)0.0365 (17)0.0016 (13)−0.0039 (11)0.0001 (14)
C8D0.0204 (12)0.0398 (19)0.0351 (16)0.0019 (12)−0.0002 (10)−0.0013 (14)
C9D0.0272 (14)0.040 (2)0.0359 (17)−0.0022 (12)−0.0004 (11)0.0079 (14)
C10D0.0271 (13)0.0289 (17)0.0296 (15)0.0001 (11)−0.0011 (10)−0.0008 (13)
C11D0.0253 (13)0.0289 (18)0.0329 (16)0.0000 (11)−0.0004 (11)−0.0010 (13)
C12D0.0254 (13)0.0298 (18)0.0347 (17)−0.0018 (11)0.0008 (11)−0.0068 (14)
N1D0.0230 (11)0.0350 (15)0.0303 (13)−0.0014 (10)−0.0017 (9)0.0013 (11)
N2D0.0250 (11)0.0363 (16)0.0393 (15)0.0002 (10)−0.0009 (9)0.0036 (12)
N3D0.0352 (14)0.050 (2)0.0444 (17)0.0022 (13)−0.0009 (11)0.0160 (15)
N4D0.0226 (12)0.0458 (19)0.0462 (17)−0.0010 (12)0.0007 (11)0.0083 (14)
O1D0.0270 (9)0.0415 (14)0.0342 (11)−0.0057 (9)0.0061 (8)−0.0043 (10)
O2D0.0257 (10)0.0454 (15)0.0508 (14)−0.0007 (9)0.0009 (8)−0.0194 (11)
O3D0.0284 (10)0.0327 (13)0.0359 (12)−0.0017 (9)0.0023 (8)−0.0048 (10)
O4D0.0323 (11)0.0474 (16)0.0482 (14)0.0074 (10)0.0033 (10)0.0143 (12)
O5D0.0310 (10)0.0410 (15)0.0477 (13)−0.0018 (9)0.0056 (9)0.0085 (11)
C1A—O1A1.426 (4)C1C—O1C1.425 (4)
C1A—O2A1.437 (3)C1C—O2C1.428 (3)
C1A—C3A1.492 (5)C1C—C3C1.492 (5)
C1A—C2A1.508 (5)C1C—C2C1.502 (4)
C2A—H2A10.9600C2C—H2C10.9600
C2A—H2A20.9600C2C—H2C20.9600
C2A—H2A30.9600C2C—H2C30.9600
C3A—H3A10.9600C3C—H3C10.9600
C3A—H3A20.9600C3C—H3C20.9600
C3A—H3A30.9600C3C—H3C30.9600
C4A—O1A1.417 (3)C4C—O2C1.413 (4)
C4A—C8A1.509 (4)C4C—C6C1.526 (4)
C4A—C5A1.525 (4)C4C—C5C1.538 (4)
C4A—H4A0.9800C4C—H4C0.9800
C5A—O2A1.418 (4)C5C—O1C1.423 (3)
C5A—C6A1.520 (4)C5C—C8C1.501 (4)
C5A—H5A0.9800C5C—H5C0.9800
C6A—O3A1.423 (4)C6C—O3C1.426 (3)
C6A—C7A1.518 (4)C6C—C7C1.513 (4)
C6A—H6A0.9800C6C—H6C0.9800
C7A—O4A1.414 (4)C7C—O4C1.425 (4)
C7A—H7A10.9700C7C—H7C10.9700
C7A—H7A20.9700C7C—H7C20.9700
C8A—N1A1.461 (3)C8C—N1C1.463 (3)
C8A—H8A10.9700C8C—H8C10.9700
C8A—H8A20.9700C8C—H8C20.9700
C9A—N2A1.306 (3)C9C—N2C1.305 (3)
C9A—N1A1.362 (4)C9C—N1C1.363 (4)
C9A—H9A0.9300C9C—H9C0.9300
C10A—N3A1.363 (4)C10C—N1C1.366 (4)
C10A—N1A1.367 (4)C10C—C11C1.370 (4)
C10A—C11A1.373 (4)C10C—N3C1.376 (4)
C11A—N2A1.377 (4)C11C—N2C1.377 (4)
C11A—C12A1.449 (4)C11C—C12C1.460 (4)
C12A—O5A1.243 (4)C12C—O5C1.240 (4)
C12A—N4A1.334 (4)C12C—N4C1.323 (4)
N3A—H3NA0.89 (4)N3C—H3NC0.87 (4)
N3A—H6NA0.89 (4)N3C—H6NC0.90 (4)
N4A—H4NA0.92 (4)N4C—H4NC0.86 (4)
N4A—H5NA0.91 (4)N4C—H5NC0.84 (4)
O3A—H3AO0.79 (4)O3C—H3CO0.80 (4)
O4A—H4AO0.80 (4)O4C—H4CO0.80 (4)
C1B—O2B1.423 (4)C1D—O1D1.422 (4)
C1B—O1B1.427 (3)C1D—O2D1.437 (3)
C1B—C3B1.476 (5)C1D—C3D1.501 (5)
C1B—C2B1.500 (5)C1D—C2D1.507 (5)
C2B—H2B10.9600C2D—H2D10.9600
C2B—H2B20.9600C2D—H2D20.9600
C2B—H2B30.9600C2D—H2D30.9600
C3B—H3B10.9600C3D—H3D10.9600
C3B—H3B20.9600C3D—H3D20.9600
C3B—H3B30.9600C3D—H3D30.9600
C4B—O2B1.413 (4)C4D—O2D1.412 (3)
C4B—C6B1.518 (4)C4D—C6D1.519 (4)
C4B—C5B1.536 (4)C4D—C5D1.530 (4)
C4B—H4B0.9800C4D—H4D0.9800
C5B—O1B1.419 (3)C5D—O1D1.421 (3)
C5B—C8B1.503 (4)C5D—C8D1.515 (4)
C5B—H5B0.9800C5D—H5D0.9800
C6B—O3B1.427 (4)C6D—O3D1.421 (3)
C6B—C7B1.508 (4)C6D—C7D1.519 (4)
C6B—H6B0.9800C6D—H6D0.9800
C7B—O4B1.422 (4)C7D—O4D1.415 (4)
C7B—H7B10.9700C7D—H7D10.9700
C7B—H7B20.9700C7D—H7D20.9700
C8B—N1B1.462 (3)C8D—N1D1.457 (3)
C8B—H8B10.9700C8D—H8D10.9700
C8B—H8B20.9700C8D—H8D20.9700
C9B—N2B1.304 (4)C9D—N2D1.303 (3)
C9B—N1B1.355 (4)C9D—N1D1.360 (4)
C9B—H9B0.9300C9D—H9D0.9300
C10B—N3B1.357 (4)C10D—N3D1.362 (4)
C10B—N1B1.367 (4)C10D—N1D1.366 (4)
C10B—C11B1.377 (4)C10D—C11D1.372 (4)
C11B—N2B1.385 (4)C11D—N2D1.385 (4)
C11B—C12B1.441 (4)C11D—C12D1.456 (4)
C12B—O5B1.258 (3)C12D—O5D1.241 (4)
C12B—N4B1.319 (4)C12D—N4D1.332 (4)
N3B—H3NB0.89 (3)N3D—H3ND0.86 (4)
N3B—H6NB0.95 (4)N3D—H6ND0.92 (4)
N4B—H4NB0.89 (4)N4D—H4ND0.89 (4)
N4B—H5NB0.85 (4)N4D—H5ND0.87 (4)
O3B—H3BO0.87 (3)O3D—H3DO0.90 (4)
O4B—H4BO0.91 (4)O4D—H4DO0.79 (3)
O1A—C1A—O2A105.1 (2)O1C—C1C—O2C104.7 (2)
O1A—C1A—C3A107.9 (3)O1C—C1C—C3C109.0 (3)
O2A—C1A—C3A110.0 (3)O2C—C1C—C3C109.8 (3)
O1A—C1A—C2A111.3 (3)O1C—C1C—C2C111.8 (3)
O2A—C1A—C2A108.7 (3)O2C—C1C—C2C109.3 (3)
C3A—C1A—C2A113.5 (3)C3C—C1C—C2C112.0 (3)
C1A—C2A—H2A1109.5C1C—C2C—H2C1109.5
C1A—C2A—H2A2109.5C1C—C2C—H2C2109.5
H2A1—C2A—H2A2109.5H2C1—C2C—H2C2109.5
C1A—C2A—H2A3109.5C1C—C2C—H2C3109.5
H2A1—C2A—H2A3109.5H2C1—C2C—H2C3109.5
H2A2—C2A—H2A3109.5H2C2—C2C—H2C3109.5
C1A—C3A—H3A1109.5C1C—C3C—H3C1109.5
C1A—C3A—H3A2109.5C1C—C3C—H3C2109.5
H3A1—C3A—H3A2109.5H3C1—C3C—H3C2109.5
C1A—C3A—H3A3109.5C1C—C3C—H3C3109.5
H3A1—C3A—H3A3109.5H3C1—C3C—H3C3109.5
H3A2—C3A—H3A3109.5H3C2—C3C—H3C3109.5
O1A—C4A—C8A108.4 (2)O2C—C4C—C6C112.3 (3)
O1A—C4A—C5A101.9 (2)O2C—C4C—C5C102.5 (2)
C8A—C4A—C5A118.6 (2)C6C—C4C—C5C115.5 (2)
O1A—C4A—H4A109.2O2C—C4C—H4C108.7
C8A—C4A—H4A109.2C6C—C4C—H4C108.7
C5A—C4A—H4A109.2C5C—C4C—H4C108.7
O2A—C5A—C6A112.8 (2)O1C—C5C—C8C109.4 (2)
O2A—C5A—C4A101.5 (2)O1C—C5C—C4C101.8 (2)
C6A—C5A—C4A115.5 (2)C8C—C5C—C4C118.6 (2)
O2A—C5A—H5A108.9O1C—C5C—H5C108.9
C6A—C5A—H5A108.9C8C—C5C—H5C108.9
C4A—C5A—H5A108.9C4C—C5C—H5C108.9
O3A—C6A—C7A110.7 (2)O3C—C6C—C7C110.5 (2)
O3A—C6A—C5A106.3 (2)O3C—C6C—C4C105.4 (2)
C7A—C6A—C5A111.1 (2)C7C—C6C—C4C110.9 (2)
O3A—C6A—H6A109.6O3C—C6C—H6C110.0
C7A—C6A—H6A109.6C7C—C6C—H6C110.0
C5A—C6A—H6A109.6C4C—C6C—H6C110.0
O4A—C7A—C6A112.8 (3)O4C—C7C—C6C112.0 (2)
O4A—C7A—H7A1109.0O4C—C7C—H7C1109.2
C6A—C7A—H7A1109.0C6C—C7C—H7C1109.2
O4A—C7A—H7A2109.0O4C—C7C—H7C2109.2
C6A—C7A—H7A2109.0C6C—C7C—H7C2109.2
H7A1—C7A—H7A2107.8H7C1—C7C—H7C2107.9
N1A—C8A—C4A109.8 (2)N1C—C8C—C5C110.3 (2)
N1A—C8A—H8A1109.7N1C—C8C—H8C1109.6
C4A—C8A—H8A1109.7C5C—C8C—H8C1109.6
N1A—C8A—H8A2109.7N1C—C8C—H8C2109.6
C4A—C8A—H8A2109.7C5C—C8C—H8C2109.6
H8A1—C8A—H8A2108.2H8C1—C8C—H8C2108.1
N2A—C9A—N1A112.1 (3)N2C—C9C—N1C112.5 (3)
N2A—C9A—H9A123.9N2C—C9C—H9C123.8
N1A—C9A—H9A123.9N1C—C9C—H9C123.8
N3A—C10A—N1A122.9 (3)N1C—C10C—C11C105.6 (3)
N3A—C10A—C11A131.5 (3)N1C—C10C—N3C122.9 (2)
N1A—C10A—C11A105.3 (3)C11C—C10C—N3C131.4 (3)
C10A—C11A—N2A110.4 (2)C10C—C11C—N2C110.4 (2)
C10A—C11A—C12A125.9 (3)C10C—C11C—C12C124.4 (3)
N2A—C11A—C12A123.7 (2)N2C—C11C—C12C125.1 (2)
O5A—C12A—N4A122.7 (3)O5C—C12C—N4C123.1 (3)
O5A—C12A—C11A121.1 (3)O5C—C12C—C11C119.7 (2)
N4A—C12A—C11A116.3 (3)N4C—C12C—C11C117.3 (3)
C9A—N1A—C10A107.1 (2)C9C—N1C—C10C106.7 (2)
C9A—N1A—C8A126.1 (2)C9C—N1C—C8C126.9 (2)
C10A—N1A—C8A126.6 (2)C10C—N1C—C8C126.4 (3)
C9A—N2A—C11A105.1 (2)C9C—N2C—C11C104.8 (2)
C10A—N3A—H3NA112 (3)C10C—N3C—H3NC111 (2)
C10A—N3A—H6NA114 (3)C10C—N3C—H6NC110 (2)
H3NA—N3A—H6NA110 (4)H3NC—N3C—H6NC113 (3)
C12A—N4A—H4NA118 (2)C12C—N4C—H4NC122 (2)
C12A—N4A—H5NA122 (2)C12C—N4C—H5NC121 (2)
H4NA—N4A—H5NA119 (3)H4NC—N4C—H5NC116 (3)
C4A—O1A—C1A106.5 (2)C5C—O1C—C1C106.5 (2)
C5A—O2A—C1A109.6 (2)C4C—O2C—C1C110.7 (2)
C6A—O3A—H3AO109 (3)C6C—O3C—H3CO111 (3)
C7A—O4A—H4AO106 (3)C7C—O4C—H4CO103 (3)
O2B—C1B—O1B104.3 (2)O1D—C1D—O2D105.1 (2)
O2B—C1B—C3B110.2 (3)O1D—C1D—C3D108.0 (3)
O1B—C1B—C3B108.7 (3)O2D—C1D—C3D109.8 (3)
O2B—C1B—C2B109.4 (3)O1D—C1D—C2D112.0 (3)
O1B—C1B—C2B111.5 (3)O2D—C1D—C2D108.5 (3)
C3B—C1B—C2B112.5 (3)C3D—C1D—C2D113.2 (3)
C1B—C2B—H2B1109.5C1D—C2D—H2D1109.5
C1B—C2B—H2B2109.5C1D—C2D—H2D2109.5
H2B1—C2B—H2B2109.5H2D1—C2D—H2D2109.5
C1B—C2B—H2B3109.5C1D—C2D—H2D3109.5
H2B1—C2B—H2B3109.5H2D1—C2D—H2D3109.5
H2B2—C2B—H2B3109.5H2D2—C2D—H2D3109.5
C1B—C3B—H3B1109.5C1D—C3D—H3D1109.5
C1B—C3B—H3B2109.5C1D—C3D—H3D2109.5
H3B1—C3B—H3B2109.5H3D1—C3D—H3D2109.5
C1B—C3B—H3B3109.5C1D—C3D—H3D3109.5
H3B1—C3B—H3B3109.5H3D1—C3D—H3D3109.5
H3B2—C3B—H3B3109.5H3D2—C3D—H3D3109.5
O2B—C4B—C6B112.2 (3)O2D—C4D—C6D113.1 (2)
O2B—C4B—C5B103.1 (2)O2D—C4D—C5D101.5 (2)
C6B—C4B—C5B115.4 (2)C6D—C4D—C5D114.9 (2)
O2B—C4B—H4B108.6O2D—C4D—H4D109.0
C6B—C4B—H4B108.6C6D—C4D—H4D109.0
C5B—C4B—H4B108.6C5D—C4D—H4D109.0
O1B—C5B—C8B108.9 (2)O1D—C5D—C8D108.1 (2)
O1B—C5B—C4B101.9 (2)O1D—C5D—C4D101.7 (2)
C8B—C5B—C4B118.0 (2)C8D—C5D—C4D118.9 (2)
O1B—C5B—H5B109.2O1D—C5D—H5D109.2
C8B—C5B—H5B109.2C8D—C5D—H5D109.2
C4B—C5B—H5B109.2C4D—C5D—H5D109.2
O3B—C6B—C7B111.0 (2)O3D—C6D—C7D111.3 (2)
O3B—C6B—C4B105.0 (2)O3D—C6D—C4D105.6 (2)
C7B—C6B—C4B112.4 (2)C7D—C6D—C4D112.0 (2)
O3B—C6B—H6B109.4O3D—C6D—H6D109.3
C7B—C6B—H6B109.4C7D—C6D—H6D109.3
C4B—C6B—H6B109.4C4D—C6D—H6D109.3
O4B—C7B—C6B111.1 (2)O4D—C7D—C6D111.8 (3)
O4B—C7B—H7B1109.4O4D—C7D—H7D1109.3
C6B—C7B—H7B1109.4C6D—C7D—H7D1109.3
O4B—C7B—H7B2109.4O4D—C7D—H7D2109.3
C6B—C7B—H7B2109.4C6D—C7D—H7D2109.3
H7B1—C7B—H7B2108.0H7D1—C7D—H7D2107.9
N1B—C8B—C5B110.9 (2)N1D—C8D—C5D109.8 (2)
N1B—C8B—H8B1109.5N1D—C8D—H8D1109.7
C5B—C8B—H8B1109.5C5D—C8D—H8D1109.7
N1B—C8B—H8B2109.5N1D—C8D—H8D2109.7
C5B—C8B—H8B2109.5C5D—C8D—H8D2109.7
H8B1—C8B—H8B2108.0H8D1—C8D—H8D2108.2
N2B—C9B—N1B112.5 (3)N2D—C9D—N1D112.4 (3)
N2B—C9B—H9B123.7N2D—C9D—H9D123.8
N1B—C9B—H9B123.7N1D—C9D—H9D123.8
N3B—C10B—N1B122.8 (2)N3D—C10D—N1D122.8 (3)
N3B—C10B—C11B132.5 (3)N3D—C10D—C11D131.5 (3)
N1B—C10B—C11B104.7 (3)N1D—C10D—C11D105.4 (3)
C10B—C11B—N2B110.6 (2)C10D—C11D—N2D110.1 (2)
C10B—C11B—C12B126.2 (3)C10D—C11D—C12D126.4 (3)
N2B—C11B—C12B123.1 (2)N2D—C11D—C12D123.3 (2)
O5B—C12B—N4B122.3 (2)O5D—C12D—N4D123.3 (3)
O5B—C12B—C11B120.3 (2)O5D—C12D—C11D121.0 (2)
N4B—C12B—C11B117.4 (3)N4D—C12D—C11D115.7 (3)
C9B—N1B—C10B107.6 (2)C9D—N1D—C10D107.1 (2)
C9B—N1B—C8B126.1 (2)C9D—N1D—C8D126.1 (2)
C10B—N1B—C8B126.3 (3)C10D—N1D—C8D126.7 (2)
C9B—N2B—C11B104.5 (2)C9D—N2D—C11D104.9 (2)
C10B—N3B—H3NB114 (2)C10D—N3D—H3ND114 (3)
C10B—N3B—H6NB115 (2)C10D—N3D—H6ND115 (2)
H3NB—N3B—H6NB110 (3)H3ND—N3D—H6ND108 (3)
C12B—N4B—H4NB116 (2)C12D—N4D—H4ND122 (2)
C12B—N4B—H5NB122 (2)C12D—N4D—H5ND118 (2)
H4NB—N4B—H5NB122 (3)H4ND—N4D—H5ND117 (3)
C5B—O1B—C1B106.8 (2)C5D—O1D—C1D106.2 (2)
C4B—O2B—C1B110.8 (2)C4D—O2D—C1D109.9 (2)
C6B—O3B—H3BO113 (2)C6D—O3D—H3DO106 (2)
C7B—O4B—H4BO105 (2)C7D—O4D—H4DO109 (3)
O1A—C4A—C5A—O2A36.6 (3)O2C—C4C—C5C—O1C30.6 (3)
C8A—C4A—C5A—O2A155.4 (3)C6C—C4C—C5C—O1C−91.8 (3)
O1A—C4A—C5A—C6A−85.8 (3)O2C—C4C—C5C—C8C150.6 (3)
C8A—C4A—C5A—C6A33.1 (4)C6C—C4C—C5C—C8C28.2 (4)
O2A—C5A—C6A—O3A164.3 (2)O2C—C4C—C6C—O3C165.3 (2)
C4A—C5A—C6A—O3A−79.6 (3)C5C—C4C—C6C—O3C−77.6 (3)
O2A—C5A—C6A—C7A43.9 (3)O2C—C4C—C6C—C7C45.7 (3)
C4A—C5A—C6A—C7A159.9 (2)C5C—C4C—C6C—C7C162.8 (3)
O3A—C6A—C7A—O4A59.0 (3)O3C—C6C—C7C—O4C62.4 (3)
C5A—C6A—C7A—O4A176.8 (2)C4C—C6C—C7C—O4C178.8 (2)
O1A—C4A—C8A—N1A−57.2 (3)O1C—C5C—C8C—N1C−58.9 (3)
C5A—C4A—C8A—N1A−172.6 (2)C4C—C5C—C8C—N1C−174.9 (3)
N3A—C10A—C11A—N2A174.9 (3)N1C—C10C—C11C—N2C0.2 (3)
N1A—C10A—C11A—N2A0.7 (3)N3C—C10C—C11C—N2C175.3 (3)
N3A—C10A—C11A—C12A−5.3 (5)N1C—C10C—C11C—C12C178.4 (3)
N1A—C10A—C11A—C12A−179.6 (3)N3C—C10C—C11C—C12C−6.5 (5)
C10A—C11A—C12A—O5A5.1 (5)C10C—C11C—C12C—O5C6.6 (4)
N2A—C11A—C12A—O5A−175.2 (3)N2C—C11C—C12C—O5C−175.5 (3)
C10A—C11A—C12A—N4A−173.3 (3)C10C—C11C—C12C—N4C−172.7 (3)
N2A—C11A—C12A—N4A6.3 (4)N2C—C11C—C12C—N4C5.2 (4)
N2A—C9A—N1A—C10A1.1 (4)N2C—C9C—N1C—C10C0.5 (3)
N2A—C9A—N1A—C8A175.9 (3)N2C—C9C—N1C—C8C178.1 (3)
N3A—C10A—N1A—C9A−175.9 (3)C11C—C10C—N1C—C9C−0.4 (3)
C11A—C10A—N1A—C9A−1.0 (3)N3C—C10C—N1C—C9C−176.1 (3)
N3A—C10A—N1A—C8A9.3 (5)C11C—C10C—N1C—C8C−178.0 (3)
C11A—C10A—N1A—C8A−175.8 (3)N3C—C10C—N1C—C8C6.3 (4)
C4A—C8A—N1A—C9A−80.1 (3)C5C—C8C—N1C—C9C−86.2 (3)
C4A—C8A—N1A—C10A93.7 (4)C5C—C8C—N1C—C10C90.9 (3)
N1A—C9A—N2A—C11A−0.6 (3)N1C—C9C—N2C—C11C−0.4 (3)
C10A—C11A—N2A—C9A−0.1 (3)C10C—C11C—N2C—C9C0.1 (3)
C12A—C11A—N2A—C9A−179.8 (3)C12C—C11C—N2C—C9C−178.1 (3)
C8A—C4A—O1A—C1A−163.8 (2)C8C—C5C—O1C—C1C−163.9 (2)
C5A—C4A—O1A—C1A−38.0 (3)C4C—C5C—O1C—C1C−37.5 (3)
O2A—C1A—O1A—C4A24.6 (3)O2C—C1C—O1C—C5C30.0 (3)
C3A—C1A—O1A—C4A142.0 (3)C3C—C1C—O1C—C5C147.5 (3)
C2A—C1A—O1A—C4A−92.8 (3)C2C—C1C—O1C—C5C−88.2 (3)
C6A—C5A—O2A—C1A101.6 (3)C6C—C4C—O2C—C1C111.3 (3)
C4A—C5A—O2A—C1A−22.5 (3)C5C—C4C—O2C—C1C−13.3 (3)
O1A—C1A—O2A—C5A0.2 (3)O1C—C1C—O2C—C4C−9.1 (3)
C3A—C1A—O2A—C5A−115.7 (3)C3C—C1C—O2C—C4C−126.0 (3)
C2A—C1A—O2A—C5A119.4 (3)C2C—C1C—O2C—C4C110.7 (3)
O2B—C4B—C5B—O1B27.9 (3)O2D—C4D—C5D—O1D36.2 (3)
C6B—C4B—C5B—O1B−94.8 (3)C6D—C4D—C5D—O1D−86.2 (3)
O2B—C4B—C5B—C8B147.1 (3)O2D—C4D—C5D—C8D154.7 (3)
C6B—C4B—C5B—C8B24.5 (4)C6D—C4D—C5D—C8D32.2 (3)
O2B—C4B—C6B—O3B164.1 (2)O2D—C4D—C6D—O3D163.0 (2)
C5B—C4B—C6B—O3B−78.2 (3)C5D—C4D—C6D—O3D−81.0 (3)
O2B—C4B—C6B—C7B43.3 (3)O2D—C4D—C6D—C7D41.7 (3)
C5B—C4B—C6B—C7B161.0 (3)C5D—C4D—C6D—C7D157.7 (2)
O3B—C6B—C7B—O4B63.3 (3)O3D—C6D—C7D—O4D59.2 (3)
C4B—C6B—C7B—O4B−179.4 (2)C4D—C6D—C7D—O4D177.2 (2)
O1B—C5B—C8B—N1B−57.6 (3)O1D—C5D—C8D—N1D−57.0 (3)
C4B—C5B—C8B—N1B−173.0 (3)C4D—C5D—C8D—N1D−172.0 (2)
N3B—C10B—C11B—N2B−179.7 (3)N3D—C10D—C11D—N2D174.9 (3)
N1B—C10B—C11B—N2B1.3 (3)N1D—C10D—C11D—N2D0.9 (3)
N3B—C10B—C11B—C12B−3.3 (5)N3D—C10D—C11D—C12D−9.4 (5)
N1B—C10B—C11B—C12B177.6 (3)N1D—C10D—C11D—C12D176.6 (3)
C10B—C11B—C12B—O5B14.5 (4)C10D—C11D—C12D—O5D8.8 (5)
N2B—C11B—C12B—O5B−169.5 (3)N2D—C11D—C12D—O5D−176.1 (3)
C10B—C11B—C12B—N4B−164.9 (3)C10D—C11D—C12D—N4D−169.1 (3)
N2B—C11B—C12B—N4B11.1 (4)N2D—C11D—C12D—N4D6.0 (4)
N2B—C9B—N1B—C10B0.5 (4)N2D—C9D—N1D—C10D0.4 (4)
N2B—C9B—N1B—C8B−179.9 (3)N2D—C9D—N1D—C8D177.8 (3)
N3B—C10B—N1B—C9B179.8 (3)N3D—C10D—N1D—C9D−175.5 (3)
C11B—C10B—N1B—C9B−1.1 (3)C11D—C10D—N1D—C9D−0.8 (3)
N3B—C10B—N1B—C8B0.2 (4)N3D—C10D—N1D—C8D7.2 (5)
C11B—C10B—N1B—C8B179.4 (3)C11D—C10D—N1D—C8D−178.1 (3)
C5B—C8B—N1B—C9B−89.4 (3)C5D—C8D—N1D—C9D−80.6 (3)
C5B—C8B—N1B—C10B90.1 (3)C5D—C8D—N1D—C10D96.2 (3)
N1B—C9B—N2B—C11B0.3 (3)N1D—C9D—N2D—C11D0.1 (3)
C10B—C11B—N2B—C9B−1.0 (3)C10D—C11D—N2D—C9D−0.6 (3)
C12B—C11B—N2B—C9B−177.5 (3)C12D—C11D—N2D—C9D−176.5 (3)
C8B—C5B—O1B—C1B−162.2 (2)C8D—C5D—O1D—C1D−164.5 (2)
C4B—C5B—O1B—C1B−36.8 (3)C4D—C5D—O1D—C1D−38.6 (3)
O2B—C1B—O1B—C5B31.6 (3)O2D—C1D—O1D—C5D26.1 (3)
C3B—C1B—O1B—C5B149.1 (3)C3D—C1D—O1D—C5D143.3 (3)
C2B—C1B—O1B—C5B−86.3 (3)C2D—C1D—O1D—C5D−91.5 (3)
C6B—C4B—O2B—C1B115.2 (3)C6D—C4D—O2D—C1D102.3 (3)
C5B—C4B—O2B—C1B−9.6 (3)C5D—C4D—O2D—C1D−21.4 (3)
O1B—C1B—O2B—C4B−12.5 (3)O1D—C1D—O2D—C4D−1.5 (3)
C3B—C1B—O2B—C4B−129.0 (3)C3D—C1D—O2D—C4D−117.4 (3)
C2B—C1B—O2B—C4B106.9 (3)C2D—C1D—O2D—C4D118.5 (3)
D—H···AD—HH···AD···AD—H···A
C8A—H8A1···O4Ci0.972.623.444 (4)143
N3A—H3NA···O5A0.89 (4)2.32 (4)2.945 (4)127 (3)
N3A—H6NA···O1A0.89 (4)2.66 (4)3.250 (4)125 (3)
N4A—H4NA···O3Aii0.92 (4)2.05 (4)2.973 (3)178 (3)
N4A—H5NA···N2C0.91 (4)2.23 (4)3.064 (4)153 (3)
O3A—H3AO···O4Ci0.79 (4)2.05 (4)2.831 (3)170 (4)
O4A—H4AO···O5Aiii0.80 (4)2.01 (4)2.798 (3)166 (4)
C3B—H3B1···N1Div0.962.583.398 (5)144
C8B—H8B1···O5Cv0.972.513.243 (4)132
C8B—H8B2···O4Avi0.972.433.291 (4)147
N3B—H3NB···O1B0.89 (3)2.35 (3)3.037 (3)133 (3)
N3B—H6NB···O5B0.95 (4)2.39 (3)2.977 (3)120 (3)
N3B—H6NB···O5Div0.95 (4)2.52 (4)3.196 (4)129 (3)
N4B—H4NB···O3Biii0.89 (4)2.03 (4)2.901 (3)170 (3)
N4B—H5NB···N2Diii0.85 (4)2.16 (4)2.920 (4)150 (3)
O3B—H3BO···N3Cv0.87 (3)1.98 (4)2.838 (4)168 (3)
O4B—H4BO···O5Bii0.91 (4)1.81 (4)2.715 (3)170 (3)
C8C—H8C1···O5Bvii0.972.643.380 (3)133
C8C—H8C2···O4Di0.972.413.360 (4)166
N3C—H3NC···O1C0.87 (4)2.48 (4)3.152 (4)134 (3)
N3C—H6NC···O5C0.90 (4)2.21 (3)2.874 (3)130 (3)
N4C—H4NC···N2A0.86 (4)2.14 (4)2.934 (4)154 (3)
N4C—H5NC···O3Ciii0.84 (4)2.12 (4)2.959 (3)176 (4)
O3C—H3CO···O5Bvii0.80 (4)2.03 (4)2.823 (3)173 (3)
O4C—H4CO···O5Cii0.80 (4)1.97 (4)2.738 (3)162 (4)
N3D—H6ND···N4Cviii0.92 (4)2.62 (4)3.268 (4)128 (3)
N3D—H6ND···O5D0.92 (4)2.36 (4)2.972 (4)124 (3)
N4D—H4ND···N2Bii0.89 (4)2.26 (4)3.075 (4)153 (3)
N4D—H5ND···O3Dii0.87 (4)2.09 (4)2.957 (3)176 (3)
O3D—H3DO···O4Bix0.90 (4)1.82 (4)2.711 (3)171 (3)
O4D—H4DO···O5Diii0.79 (3)2.06 (3)2.822 (3)164 (4)
  10 in total

1.  New anti-HIV aptamers based on tetra-end-linked DNA G-quadruplexes: effect of the base sequence on anti-HIV activity.

Authors:  Valentina D'Atri; Giorgia Oliviero; Jussara Amato; Nicola Borbone; Stefano D'Errico; Luciano Mayol; Vincenzo Piccialli; Shozeb Haider; Bart Hoorelbeke; Jan Balzarini; Gennaro Piccialli
Journal:  Chem Commun (Camb)       Date:  2012-10-04       Impact factor: 6.222

2.  Synthesis and biological evaluation of unprecedented ring-expanded nucleosides (RENs) containing the imidazo[4,5-d][1,2,6]oxadiazepine ring system.

Authors:  Stefano D'Errico; Giorgia Oliviero; Jussara Amato; Nicola Borbone; Vincenzo Cerullo; Akseli Hemminki; Vincenzo Piccialli; Sabrina Zaccaria; Luciano Mayol; Gennaro Piccialli
Journal:  Chem Commun (Camb)       Date:  2012-08-09       Impact factor: 6.222

3.  High-Z' structures of organic molecules: their diversity and organizing principles.

Authors:  Carolyn Pratt Brock
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr B Struct Sci Cryst Eng Mater       Date:  2016-12-01

Review 4.  Advances in the development of nucleoside and nucleotide analogues for cancer and viral diseases.

Authors:  Lars Petter Jordheim; David Durantel; Fabien Zoulim; Charles Dumontet
Journal:  Nat Rev Drug Discov       Date:  2013-06       Impact factor: 84.694

5.  Crystal structure refinement with SHELXL.

Authors:  George M Sheldrick
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr C Struct Chem       Date:  2015-01-01       Impact factor: 1.172

6.  A facile synthesis of 5'-fluoro-5'-deoxyacadesine (5'-F-AICAR): a novel non-phosphorylable AICAR analogue.

Authors:  Stefano D'Errico; Giorgia Oliviero; Nicola Borbone; Jussara Amato; Daniele D'Alonzo; Vincenzo Piccialli; Luciano Mayol; Gennaro Piccialli
Journal:  Molecules       Date:  2012-11-02       Impact factor: 4.411

7.  Solid-phase synthesis of a new diphosphate 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide riboside (AICAR) derivative and studies toward cyclic AICAR diphosphate ribose.

Authors:  Stefano D'Errico; Giorgia Oliviero; Nicola Borbone; Jussara Amato; Vincenzo Piccialli; Michela Varra; Luciano Mayol; Gennaro Piccialli
Journal:  Molecules       Date:  2011-09-21       Impact factor: 4.411

8.  Use of intensity quotients and differences in absolute structure refinement.

Authors:  Simon Parsons; Howard D Flack; Trixie Wagner
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr B Struct Sci Cryst Eng Mater       Date:  2013-05-17

9.  The Cambridge Structural Database.

Authors:  Colin R Groom; Ian J Bruno; Matthew P Lightfoot; Suzanna C Ward
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr B Struct Sci Cryst Eng Mater       Date:  2016-04-01

10.  Synthesis of new acadesine (AICA-riboside) analogues having acyclic D-ribityl or 4-hydroxybutyl chains in place of the ribose.

Authors:  Stefano D'Errico; Giorgia Oliviero; Nicola Borbone; Jussara Amato; Vincenzo Piccialli; Michela Varra; Luciano Mayol; Gennaro Piccialli
Journal:  Molecules       Date:  2013-08-06       Impact factor: 4.411

  10 in total

北京卡尤迪生物科技股份有限公司 © 2022-2023.