The impact of chemotherapy on small cell carcinoma of the bronchus.

Between 1971 and 1978, 140 cases of small cell anaplastic carcinoma of the bronchus were registered by a group of chest physicians in north Edinburgh. Sixty-five of these patients received specific treatment either with radiotherapy or cyclophosphamide and 75 patients were given treatment for symptoms only. Between 1979 and 1981 83 patients referred to the same physicians and pathologists were treated with combination chemotherapy (methotrexate, cyclophosphamide and CCNU) for 12 weeks. Overall median survival in the 1971 to 1978 group was two months with the actively-treated patients surviving for five months vs. less than one month for treatment of symptoms only. For the 83 patients treated with combination chemotherapy, median survival was nine months with 33 per cent alive at one year and 13 per cent at two years. Positive factors associated with prolonged survival included performance status at presentation and response to chemotherapy. This study demonstrates that the prognosis for the majority of patients with small cell carcinoma of the bronchus has improved significantly with the introduction of combination chemotherapy.