Daniela Mayumi Rocha1, Josefina Bressan2, Helen Hermana Hermsdorff3. 1. RD, MSc. Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa (MG), Brazil. 2. RD, MSc, PhD. Titular Professor, Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa (MG), Brazil. 3. RD, MSc, PhD. Assistant Professor, Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa (MG), Brazil.
Abstract
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: : Diet is an important modifiable factor involved in obesity-induced inflammation. We reviewed clinical trials that assessed the effect of consumption of different fatty acids on the expression of inflammation-related genes, such as cytokines, adipokines, chemokines and transcription factors. DESIGN AND SETTING: : Narrative review study conducted at a research center. METHODS: : This was a review on the effect of fat intake on inflammatory gene expression in humans. RESULTS: : Consumption of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) was related to postprandial upregulation of genes associated with pro-inflammatory pathways in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), in comparison with monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) or polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake. In addition, acute intake of a high-SFA meal also induced a postprandial pro-inflammatory response for several inflammatory genes in subcutaneous adipose tissue. Both high-MUFA and high-PUFA diets showed anti-inflammatory profiles, or at least a less pronounced pro-inflammatory response than did SFA consumption. However, the results concerning the best substitute for SFAs were divergent because of the large variability in doses of MUFA (20% to 72% of energy intake) and n3 PUFA (0.4 g to 23.7% of energy intake) used in interventions. CONCLUSIONS: : The lipid profile of the diet can modulate the genes relating to postprandial and long-term inflammation in PBMCs and adipose tissue. Identifying the optimal fat profile for inflammatory control may be a promising approach for treating chronic diseases such as obesity.
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: : Diet is an important modifiable factor involved in obesity-induced inflammation. We reviewed clinical trials that assessed the effect of consumption of different fatty acids on the expression of inflammation-related genes, such as cytokines, adipokines, chemokines and transcription factors. DESIGN AND SETTING: : Narrative review study conducted at a research center. METHODS: : This was a review on the effect of fat intake on inflammatory gene expression in humans. RESULTS: : Consumption of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) was related to postprandial upregulation of genes associated with pro-inflammatory pathways in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), in comparison with monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) or polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake. In addition, acute intake of a high-SFA meal also induced a postprandial pro-inflammatory response for several inflammatory genes in subcutaneous adipose tissue. Both high-MUFA and high-PUFA diets showed anti-inflammatory profiles, or at least a less pronounced pro-inflammatory response than did SFA consumption. However, the results concerning the best substitute for SFAs were divergent because of the large variability in doses of MUFA (20% to 72% of energy intake) and n3 PUFA (0.4 g to 23.7% of energy intake) used in interventions. CONCLUSIONS: : The lipid profile of the diet can modulate the genes relating to postprandial and long-term inflammation in PBMCs and adipose tissue. Identifying the optimal fat profile for inflammatory control may be a promising approach for treating chronic diseases such as obesity.
Authors: Gilson P Dorneles; Maria Carolina R Boeira; Lucas L Schipper; Ivy R V Silva; Viviane R Elsner; Pedro Dal Lago; Alessandra Peres; Pedro R T Romão Journal: Oxid Med Cell Longev Date: 2017-10-19 Impact factor: 6.543
Authors: Laura Di Renzo; Giorgia Cioccoloni; Sergio Bernardini; Ludovico Abenavoli; Vincenzo Aiello; Marco Marchetti; Andrea Cammarano; Iraj Alipourfard; Ida Ceravolo; Santo Gratteri Journal: Oxid Med Cell Longev Date: 2019-07-04 Impact factor: 6.543