Akiko Mizuta1, Kohta Suzuki2, Zentaro Yamagata3, Toshiyuki Ojima4. 1. Department of Community Health Nursing, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1, Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan. amizuta@hama-med.ac.jp. 2. Department of Health and Psychosocial Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, 1-1, Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan. 3. Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Graduate School, University of Yamanashi, 1110, Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan. 4. Department of Community Health and Preventive Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1, Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Depression is a major cause of suicide among adolescents. Therefore, childhood and adolescent depression is an important public health concern. This study explored factors as class and individual levels that may influence depression among adolescents in Japan. METHODS: A questionnaire survey among junior high school students (N = 2968) from two cities in Japan was conducted. Depression was assessed using the Depression Self-Rating Scale for Children; teachers' support was assessed using the Scale of Expectancy for Social Support. The class average score of teachers' support was calculated to indicate what we termed the "homeroom teachers' support." Multilevel analysis was applied to clarify the relation between homeroom teachers' support and depression. RESULTS: Finally, 2466 students completed the questionnaire without missing variables (valid response rate, 83.1%). There was no random effect of the teachers' support at the class level on depression, although there was a significant association between teachers' support and depression for 9th graders (β = -0.12, p = 0.009). Moreover, there were significant associations between economic status, having a best friend, and experiencing unforgettable stress at the individual level and depression in all grades. CONCLUSIONS: There was no significant random effect of homeroom teachers' support in class level although there might be marginal negative association between teacher's support and depression. It is suggested that homeroom teachers need to promote population approaches to mental health.
PURPOSE:Depression is a major cause of suicide among adolescents. Therefore, childhood and adolescent depression is an important public health concern. This study explored factors as class and individual levels that may influence depression among adolescents in Japan. METHODS: A questionnaire survey among junior high school students (N = 2968) from two cities in Japan was conducted. Depression was assessed using the Depression Self-Rating Scale for Children; teachers' support was assessed using the Scale of Expectancy for Social Support. The class average score of teachers' support was calculated to indicate what we termed the "homeroom teachers' support." Multilevel analysis was applied to clarify the relation between homeroom teachers' support and depression. RESULTS: Finally, 2466 students completed the questionnaire without missing variables (valid response rate, 83.1%). There was no random effect of the teachers' support at the class level on depression, although there was a significant association between teachers' support and depression for 9th graders (β = -0.12, p = 0.009). Moreover, there were significant associations between economic status, having a best friend, and experiencing unforgettable stress at the individual level and depression in all grades. CONCLUSIONS: There was no significant random effect of homeroom teachers' support in class level although there might be marginal negative association between teacher's support and depression. It is suggested that homeroom teachers need to promote population approaches to mental health.
Entities:
Keywords:
Adolescent; Class; Depression; Teachers' support
Authors: Lyndal Bond; George Patton; Sara Glover; John B Carlin; Helen Butler; Lyndal Thomas; Glenn Bowes Journal: J Epidemiol Community Health Date: 2004-12 Impact factor: 3.710
Authors: J Schneiders; M Drukker; J van der Ende; F C Verhulst; J van Os; N A Nicolson Journal: J Epidemiol Community Health Date: 2003-09 Impact factor: 3.710